...The Truman Doctrine [Student’s Name] [Name of Institution] [Date] The Truman Doctrine Introduction The fall of the Soviet empire has presented various political and economic opportunities and threats to the world, for these reasons it’s considered one of the major events taking place since the Second World War. The Soviet fall besides various internal factors has been facilitated by US and Western counter parts to attempt to contain further Communism. The Truman doctrine was a US strategy to halt expansion of Soviet Union in the course of the Cold War. In this doctrine the then US President Harry S. Truman vowed to contain the spread of communism in the world particularly in Europe. This doctrine encouraged the US to back every country with both economic and military assistance if the Soviet Union or communism threats its stability. The aim of this paper is to review The Truman Doctrine was one of the significant historical approaches deployed between 1945 and 2008 that has had both negative and positive outcomes for the world. Historical Background In order to analyze the Truman doctrine and its different elements, it is necessary to consider the complex historical context in which it originated, and one that explains how a president such as Harry Truman, laid the foundations seated on the principles of the emerging American political realism after the Second World War (Bostdorff, 2008). The creation of international organizations like the UN itself and its Security...
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...from 1947 Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine was created in response to the Communist/Soviet takeover of many countries in Eastern Europe. The British government had been fending off Soviet interference in Greece, but in February, 1947, they announced they could no longer afford to keep their soldiers there. President Truman realized if the Soviets were not contained, they would continue to take over yet another country. On March 12, 1947, President Truman spoke to Congress regarding this crisis. This speech has become known as the Truman Doctrine. President Truman told Congress that the nations of the world were faced with a choice: A choice of good or evil, capitalism or communism, dictatorship or democracy, and freedom or oppression. President Truman believed the United States was obligated to get involved to protect freedom and democracy. One of the best known lines from his speech demonstrates what Truman wanted the Doctrine to become: “…the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures” In his speech, the President attempted to convince Congress of the necessity to confront the Soviets. He demonstrated this with the analogy of the domino theory. He said that if America let one country fall to Communism, more countries would follow like a line of dominos. Although some Republicans were concerned that the Truman Doctrine was a “blank...
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...The Truman Doctrine was launched in 1947 by the US. It was the US’ attempt to tighten control on Europe, as the soviets had continued to expand and impose their communist ways on countries in Eastern Europe, including Bulgaria, Poland and Czechoslovakia. This doctrine promised to support any country who was anti-communist. In the same way, the Marshall Plan was launched in 1947 offering financial aid to any country who needed it. Theoretically, this did not exclude Eastern Europe but it was assumed that it didn’t apply to them as they were not capitalist. These two events did contribute to the development of the cold war as it was one of the first times that the west had directly taken action against the East and their ideology and actions. In addition to this, in 1947 the soviets responded by starting Comintern which was a unity of all communist governments – allowing the Soviet Union to gain more control over their sphere of influence. This was soon followed in 1949 by Comecon, which rivalled the Marshall plan in that it too offered economic help to the eastern European countries who were now suffering from poverty after the war – although this was much less effective than the Marshall Plan. Therefore, these events did play a significant role in the development of the Cold War as it made the two nations rival each other for power, ideology and economies. Source G primarily supports this idea that the events contributed to the development of the Cold War. It directly compares...
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...The Truman Doctrine Joseph Woodall Strayer University Professor John Cronin POL 300 – Contemporary International Problems August 05, 2012 The Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine was a policy of containment to prevent Soviet expansion. It was introduced by President Harry Truman in 1947, in response to the Soviet Union’s aggressive expansionist actions. The origins of the doctrine were forged through providing military and financial aid to countries such as Turkey and Greece to combat Communism. The Truman Doctrine would ultimately be the basis of United States strategy during the Cold War. Turkey & Greece On March 12, 1947, President Truman introduced the doctrine that was destined to bear his name. In the body of his doctrine he described the struggle between Communism and the free world. One way of life is based upon the will of the majority, and is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, freedom of speech and religion, and freedom from political oppression. The second way of life is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror and oppression, a controlled press and radio, fixed elections, and the suppression of personal freedoms. (Truman, 1947. p.178). Using the doctrine as a prerequisite for intervention into nations that were under Communist threat, the United States became involved in Greece and Turkey. Since the...
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...THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE During the Cold War, most U.S. presidents came up with policies also known as “doctrines” to help remember who stood for what. In this report I will be summarizing a situation that required U.S. diplomatic efforts during President Harry Truman time; explicate the diplomatic doctrine the president followed; describing the effects of this diplomatic efforts for the U.S. and other countries; assess the advantages and disadvantages of the particular doctrine that followed. In February 1947, the British government informed the United States that it could no longer furnish the economic and military assistance it had been providing to Greece and Turkey since the end of WWII. The Truman administration believed that both nations were threatened by communism and it jumped at the chance to take a tough stand against the Soviet Union. In Greece, force has been battling the Greek royal government since the end of WWII. In Turkey, the Soviets were demanding some manner of control over the Dardanelles, territory from which Turkey was able to dominate the strategies waterways from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. On March 12, 1947 Truman appear before a group of Congress to make his case. He declared the world faced a chance in the years to come. Nations could adapt a way of life “based upon the will of the majority” and minority forcibly imposed upon the majority.” He proposed the Truman Doctrine which provided political, military, and economic assistance to all democratic...
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...purchase this visit following link: http://www.activitymode.com/product/hist-410-week-7-research-paper/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM HIST 410 WEEK 7 RESEARCH PAPER Identify a significant historical event that occurred between 1945 and 2008 that has had positive and/or negative consequences (e.g. the Truman Doctrine, the Arab-Israeli Six-Day War, 9/11, the war in Afghanistan, etc.), and defend your selection as a significant contemporary event. The paper should include the following. • Identify and describe the historical event. • Analyze the historical and contemporary causes of the event. • Analyze different historical interpretations of the event. • Evaluate the positive and negative outcomes of the event. The Final Paper should be 8–10 pages in length and use proper APA formatting. HIST 410 WEEK 7 RESEARCH PAPER To purchase this visit following link: http://www.activitymode.com/product/hist-410-week-7-research-paper/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM HIST 410 WEEK 7 RESEARCH PAPER Identify a significant historical event that occurred between 1945 and 2008 that has had positive and/or negative consequences (e.g. the Truman Doctrine, the Arab-Israeli Six-Day War, 9/11, the war in Afghanistan, etc.), and defend your selection as a significant contemporary event. The paper should include the following. • Identify and describe the historical event. • Analyze the historical and contemporary causes of the event. • Analyze different historical interpretations...
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...The Truman Doctrine divided the world into good and evil. The United States was supporting the freed people and going against the Communism. The Truman Doctrine was a policy that was meant to contain communist aggression. It all began with Turkey and Greece which had involved aid to the two countries. NSC-68 was the update to the policy to make the actions proactive. The Truman Doctrine had pros and cons. One of the downfalls of the doctrine was that it appeared to many nations and their people that we harbored plans to be imperialistic. That concept was the cause of much of the worlds resentment towards our foreign policies. The governments during that time looked the other way when we were giving aid and allowed the agencies like Peace...
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...Anticommunism and McCarthyism Hist/145 November 30, 2011 Janice Harder This paper will require me to define and use quotations to defend my position to answer the questions of the difference between McCarthyism and anti-communism, the perspective of the press, the decisions of the foreign policy, and the lives of Americans. I would attempt to integrate the questions of McCarthyism, anti-communism, and the perspective of the press in the first part of the paper, because they are related. The differences are that McCarthyism was a radical expression of anti-communism, because anti-communism was a political belief that was against any social, cultural, political, and foreign policy that supported a government controlled state, economy, and cultural life. McCarthyism sought to fight communism by rooting out disloyal government officials through hearings, investigations, and wire tapping them to find out if they had allegiance to the communist party. McCarthy came out in the 1950's with a list of 205 spies that changed every day, but he began to target spies that no longer worked for the government(Goldfield D, 2006). They are closely related, but McCarthyism accused too many innocent people such as teachers, the army, and was finally censured by the Senate for interfering with the rights of the citizens which the article on the censorship and the symbol of McCarthyism spoke on. The press manipulated the perspectives of the nation by either promoting McCarthyism when...
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...From the Truman Doctrine to the Bush Doctrine | Contemporary History | | An overview and comparative analysis of two decisive American foreign policy doctrines breed from fear that impacted the world. | Fear and the reaction to it has been a driving force throughout human evolution, it has helped shape both our physical and social development. Fear and the reaction to it in politics, has helped create and shape everything from our borders and languages, to our technology and religion. At its very best it serves as a common uniting factor that all people share. At its worst it has lead to some of our greatest wars. The Truman and Bush Doctrines are two such policy sets rooted in fears that helped shape the world we know today. On the 12th of March 1947, then President Harry S. Truman addressed a joint session of Congress requesting $400 million in military funding and other foreign aid to support the struggling nations of Turkey and Greece. Truman implored Congress to act quickly to provide aid and support to both nations. Truman described the current state of affairs in Greece as an environment of “political chaos” and that its internal security and very survival were threatened by “terrorist activities of several thousand armed men, led by Communists…” (Truman, 1947) In this speech lay the foundation for the resulting Cold War, and idea that the spread of Communism should be halted and contained. With further analysis of this same speech one can also locate early...
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...The Cold War received its name because it was a non-combat war between the US and Russia. The USSR sought to spread communism worldwide through force and other extreme measures. The war had a very major impact in change and creation of foreign policies. Two things that came out of this war was The Truman Doctrine and the separation of North and South Korea. The Truman Doctrine was the beginning of change in United States foreign policy. The bill was signed May 22, 1947. The United States agreed to provide military and economic assistance to countries who declined communism. It stated that the US would support Greece in Turkey. The countries received 400 million dollars for economic assistance and restoration. The Truman Doctrine was America’s first connection into the Vietnam War. The communist were striving for world supremacy and had to be stopped. The US would basically do anything in their power to protect other countries from being forced into communism. At one time Korea was one county. One reason the separation occurred is because South Korea did not want to be involved with a communist government. At this time America and the USSR were also in a cold war. The U.S influenced South Korea to stray from North Korea in attempt to stop the spread of communism. The Korean War began on June 25, 1950 not too long after WWII ended. North Korea hoped it could reunify the two countries with force. Both the US and the Soviet were very influential and showed power when they persuaded...
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...The Truman Doctrine provided a platform that would serve the United States in our progress towards foreign policy for many years; stressing our role as leaders in freedom. Developing a strategic plan to assist Greece changed our isolationistic practice and helped create a realistic recovery for much of Europe and through declaration of leadership and our unrelenting need to protect the virtue of democracy; we formed an alliance with Greece at their most vulnerable and made it clear that enemies would be fought with our military backing. Foreign policy was given the spotlight by way of the presidential doctrine, which served as an official decree towards the goals and purpose that would be the President’s focus regarding international relations. After WWII, the United States was aware of the push from the Soviet Union to protect themselves from invasion by converting Western Europe into communist countries. The spread of communism was, and still remains, a threat to the United States and our belief that freedom and democracy is our human right; so in response to the conflicts in Europe, President Truman approached Congress with what became the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine can best be defined as a practice in containment. Written with the intent to provide economic support to Greece and Turkey for assistance against communist pressures; there is an underlying promise towards fighting the spread of communism that will support the United States and our thoughts on foreign...
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...The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy: The Truman Doctrine Mark Newsome Strayer University Politics 300 Dr. Sussie Okoro 16 March 2014 The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy: The Truman Doctrine Harry S. Truman was President of the United States from 1945-1953. President Truman presidency was marked throughout by important foreign policy initiatives. Central to almost everything Truman undertook in his foreign policy was the desire to prevent the expansion of influence of the Soviet Union. At the end of World War II it was immediately apparent that Russia was trying to draw as many countries as it could into its influence, if not total control. The United States became extremely alarmed as country after country did indeed fall under Russia’s communist influences. At the time, the United States Government was under suspicion that Russia was supporting the Greek Communist was effort and worried that if Communists won in the Greek civil war, the Soviets would eventually influence Greek policy (state.gov, p1). In light of the appearance of Soviet meddling in Greek and Turkish affairs, and the withdrawal of British assistance to Greece provided the motivation for the Truman Administration to reorient American foreign policy. The Truman Doctrine was the name given to a policy announced by then United States President Harry Truman on March 12th 1947. The Truman Doctrine was a very simple warning clearly made to the Soviet Union, though the country was not mentioned by name. The United...
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...against Japan, the founding of the United Nations, the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, and the Truman Doctrine to contain communism. President Truman was avidly participating in foreign affairs. This paper is going to focus on the topics surrounding the Truman Doctrine. “At the end of WWII it was immediately apparent that Russia meant to draw as many countries as it could into its sphere of influence, if not into actual dominance” (Spalding, 2005). Both the British and the Americans became alarmed as country after country did, indeed, fall under Russian influence. During the War, the British had been a moderating force in the middle and Far East. But the cost of the war had drained them. As hostilities ended in the joint effort to defeat Hitler, Russia's intentions very soon became obvious. President Harry Truman, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill, after many conferences, decided that steps had to be taken to stem the advance of Communism. Churchill had long been suspicious of the Soviets, and it did not take long for Truman to achieve the same level of mistrust. This led to Truman’s crusade to contain the expansion of communism throughout the world. Truman was hard-nosed when it came to the Soviet Union. He had never liked, nor trusted, Stalin, and he did not believe that Communism was anything other than dictatorship. The U.S. just defeated the Nazi’s with the fall of Hitler. Truman had an initiative when he became President; he let the Soviet leaders know that he would not...
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...Ning Chansavath Wk 3 short essay March 18, 2015 The Truman Doctrine Foreign Policy was established by President Harry Truman on March of 1947. In the Doctrine it is stated that the United States would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent those countries from falling under the influence of the Soviet Union. The idea was to prevent Soviet Union’s influence as much as possible. Essentially, this was Truman ways of retaliating towards Josef Stalin and The Soviet Union aggression in Eastern Europe. In the Doctrine, Truman noted that “it will be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities and outside pressures.” The main audience was wide: this was a clear and strong message to the Soviet Union; a message to Europe, that the U.S. would not tolerate Soviet’s aggression; also a message to the people of Greece and Turkey that the U.S. would side with them; and lastly a message to Congress and the American people that the U.S. would put in a formal policy to prevent the spread of worldwide communism. The U.S will do anything it can to let too many people fall under the rules of communism. Basically it was the message – to the Soviets to “back off” The Doctrine shaped American Foreign Policy for the next several decades and would result in the Korean War, Vietnam, policies in Asia, Africa and in particular, the stand-off over Cuba in the early 1960s. We did see it coming...
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...The Truman Doctrine Background, Truman's Speech to Congress, Results The Truman Doctrine and Containment Links Spartacus page An interview with Clark Clifford (1998) Did Truman cause the Cold War? Background Events The Truman Doctrine was a response to a crisis. Behind it lay the Communist/Soviet takeover of many of the countries of eastern Europe by ‘salami tactics’ – which, Truman alleged, was in breach of Stalin’s promises at the Yalta Conference. Then, in February 1947, the British government – which had been helping the Greek government resist Communist rebels – announced that it could no longer afford to keep its soldiers there. It seemed to Truman and his advisers that, of they did nothing, it was only a matter of time before the communists took over YET ANOTHER country. Background Truman’s Speech to Congress, March 1947 On 12 March 1947, President Truman spoke to Congress. His speech is very famous. What he said became known later as the ‘Truman Doctrine’. Truman began by outlining the situation in Greece. ‘Assistance is imperative if Greece is to survive as a free nation’, he told Congress. ‘Greece must have assistance if it is to become a self-supporting and self-respecting democracy.’ Without help, Greece would fall to Communism. Nearby Turkey, he added, was in a similar situation. Getting involved in Greece, Truman knew, would go against the belief of many...
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