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Theo 206

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Emperor Constantine

Who was Emperor Constantine and why was he important in the fourth century?

Emperor Constantine (280AD – 337 AD) was a monotheist, who initially was a Sun worshipper. Even before the Roman Empire converted to Christianity, he was always very sympathetic and tolerant toward Christians. In 312, Constantine converted to Christianity, after having a vision of a cross superimposed against the sun. With his conversion, a great change in the Roman Empire occurred. Christianity witnessed a great expansion within the Empire, as many citizens followed Constantine’s movement. The Christian population witnessed its biggest growth from about 5 million in the year 300 to about 300 million in 410AD under his influence. Christianity became the religion of the majority. During this time, Constantine had a personal mission to convert the Roman Empire to Christianity. Due to the fact that his religious conversion took place at the same time the he was establishing his control over the western provinces of the Empire, a link was created between the church and the state, placing a lot of power in the hands of Christian religion. Constantine’s first great contribution was in the year 313AD; Constantine, alongside his co-emperor in the East, Licinius, granted universal religious freedom through the Edict of Milan. This gave legal equality to all cults and restored confiscated property to the Christians. With the great acceptance of Christianity and its intermingling within the political aspects of the Empire, great changes within the church also took place. Bishops gained judicial responsibilities and worked alongside bureaucrats, both allowing the church t3o have an influence on secular activities and events within the Empire. Also, since Christianity had such a high degree of power in the Empire, Christian symbols appeared on

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