...Unit 4: development through life stages Task 1 P4: Explain two theories of ageing Social Disengagement Theory The social disengagement theory is a theory that was discovered in 1961 by William Henry and Elaine Cumming and it claims the beliefs that as people get older and become more fragile (elderly), they would naturally tend to withdraw themselves from social involvement, being less active and restricting themselves from interacting with others. http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-disengagement-theory.htm (Pearson education limited, 2010, pg170). However this is not the case for all ageing individuals as reasons for their disengagement may not be the result of the theory. For example, ill health of an individual may be the reason they become less sociable as it may prevent/restrict them from doing things and interacting with people how they would’ve before. In the case study we learn of Martha and Catherine, two elderly individuals of 80 who out of choice live in sheltered housing due to physical disabilities and as looking after their own home is too stressful, who have taken to the theory in different ways. The social disengagement theory hasn’t yet affected Martha fully or her look on life as she enjoys interacting with others in the home she lives – ‘there are always people to talk to and sometimes we get together to play cards’. Martha says ‘I like to get out and walk in the park as much as possible in order to stay fit’, while however she said she ‘couldn’t cope...
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...Two Theories Of Ageing Activity Theory: “The activity theory of aging proposes that older adults are happiest when they stay active and maintain social interactions. The theory was developed by Robert J. Havighurst as a response to the disengagement theory of aging” (www.boundless.com/) This theory indicates that regular exercise be it of the mind or physical exercise, keeps the older adult healthy and stimulated. Therefore it could potentially ward off diseases, viruses and infections whilst allowing the older adult to preserve relationships. Continuity Theory: “The continuity theory is one of three major psychosocial theories which describe how people develop in old age. The other two psychosocial theories are the disengagement theory, with which the continuity theory comes to odds, and the activity theory upon which the continuity theory modifies and elaborates.” (www.boundless.com/) The continuity theory is exactly how it sounds, studies have shown that as adults mature they try and hang on to things that they find familiar. Things from the past can be very helpful in comforting and elderly adult such as a familiar face, or a familiar song. They can ease people and reassure them that everything is going to be okay. Whilst some things can hazardous such as a lady could be used to going dancing every Saturday night but as she grows older her bones become brittle therefore endangering her. The physical and Psychological changes with ageing As we become...
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...Social disengagement This theoryargues that, elderly people begin to disengage from their previous social roles as they realize that they will die in the near future. The disengagement theory of aging states that "aging is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between the aging person and others in the social system he belongs to."(Boundless, 2015) Disengagement theory was one of the first theories of aging developed by social scientists. The theory was developed by Elaine Cumming and Warren Earl Henry in their 1961 book "Growing Old.” Subsequently, the theory has been largely disproven. The disengagement theory of aging claims that elderly people begin to systematically disengage from their previous social roles as they realize the inevitability of death in the near future. The theory further suggests that society responds to the elder's disengagement with a sort of mutual recognition that the elder will soon pass and society must prepare to function in their absence. As such, the theory argues that it is natural and acceptable for older adults to withdraw from society.When the disengagement theory was popular, some people believed that it explained how people are prepared for their death. They slowly start letting go of society, older adults were supposedly getting ready to let go of life as well. Researchers have said that disengagement from society was also beneficial to society, as people moved through different roles in life...
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...Unit 4 Developing through life stages - Health and social care level 3 M2 – Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual In this assignment I will be discussing two major theories of ageing; I will be referencing this information from a previous assignment. I believe that my mother will disengage from the community as she gets older. As my mother gets older her health will deteriorate even more, and she already struggles to leave the house by herself now. My mother health has had a big effect on her personality, I can see my mother giving up now and she’s only 47. It’s a big worry that she won’t bother to try to become part of the community and totally distance herself from her surroundings. I believe that my mother will move out into the countryside when I leave home. This only worries me more as if she moves out into the countryside she really will be secluded, as she will be surrounded by fields not people. If my mother does decide to do this she will be leaving what remains of the family behind, the visits would decrease over time as it just take too long to get there and no one has that amount of time to spend travelling. It would very hard for my mother to travel to far places as she may get dizzy and it may be painful for her to sit for a long period of time due to ageing. Therefore, this will affect him from socializing with other people. My mother has not been able to work for a while now due to her disabilities;...
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...The influence of two major theories relating to health and social care provisions This assignment will be evaluating how the two major theories of aging (disengament and activity theory) influence health and social care provisions. As people age they can age in different ways, some people may be effected by their physical health and their oppurtin ities become restricted. because of this they socially withdraw and disengage themseleves becoming independent and in some case defined and an invidual. Other older people may try and stop the disengament process form happening by remain mentally and socially actie even if their physical health starts to fail, this is so they prevent themselves from disengaging. By doing this they maintain some of their ego integreity and prevent and slow doen the disengament process. Both these theories have influenced health and spocial care provisions to help older people maintain their emotions, intellectuality, socialisation and physicality for as long as possible so they do not withdraw and maintain a healthy level of social contact with others. Disengagement theory is where older individuals socially withdraw themselves because of a reduction in their physical or mental health. this means their opportunities are very limited and any opportunities for them to socialise aren’t usually taken. Disengagement theory influences health and social care provisions to provide more opportunities for older people to socialise even though they may...
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...Vincent | |Date issued | Hand in deadline |Submitted on | |9.11.15 |23.11.15 | | | | | |Assignment title |Ageing | |Criteria |To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | |reference | | |P4 |Explain two theories of ageing | |P5 |Explain...
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...In this task I will be discussing the procedure of maturing (ageing) and clarify the hypotheses of ageing and discuss the perspectives on what cause people to age and how it relate to Connie and Cyril. I will likewise evaluate the effect ageing has on the well-being and social care provision. P4: The two theories I am going to talk about in relation to ageing for Connie and Cyril are: Social disengagement theory and activity theory. Social disengagement theory: this hypothesis expresses that as individuals age, they have a tendency to pull back from society and society pulls back from them. As individuals age, they have a tendency to develop more delicate and their social circles shrink as they start to pull away and are less effectively included in many exercises. Many individuals...
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...M2. Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual In this assignment I will explaining the two major theories of ageing which are disengagement activity theory according to my chosen celebrity and discuss if she might have any changes as she gets older Disengagement is the theory where the elderly naturally withdraw from all social engagement with others they saw their restraint possibilities. My chosen celebrity is Marilyn Monroe and probably remain socially active for a long time since her career is acting and she will not stop performing until she reaches retirement, so it would still be active and not withdraw from the social activity, however Monroe did not live past the age of 33 and this could not have been certain. She could have stop at any point her career and become a person withdraw from social life. Marilyn Monroe being in an acting career would stay socially active for a long while. As Monroe would be acting she would not have stopped until departure, this would mean Monroe would still be active and less withdrawn from society, however because Monroe did not live past the age of 33 this could not have been certain. Monroe may have stopped her career and became socially withdrawn faster than what was prophesied. Activity theory is a major theory that demonstrates that the elderly need to disengage but at the same time they should remain active to prevent the disengagement of going too far or become uncontrollable. Otherwise...
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...Qualification suite covered | Edexcel BTEC Level 3 Diploma/Extended Diploma, Health and Social Care | Assignment title | Life Stages | Unit number and title | Unit 4:Development Through the Life Stages | Assessor | Kelly Ocloo | Learning aims covered | On completion of this unit a learner should:1. Know the stages of growth and development throughout the human lifespan 2. Understand the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual 3. Understand the physical and psychological changes of ageing | Context | The study of lifespan development is about understanding the way we change over time. In this unit you will be able to identify some patterns in the course of human development and a range of factors that will influence how your life turns out. You will also need to make up your own mind about some very deep questions. Will you have a fixed life course where you can predict much of what will happen to you? How far is your life fixed for you by your genetics or by the social and economic environment you grow up in? How far can you choose to control your own life and can you try to ensure a happy old age? | Overall Scenario | As part of your work experience you have been asked to produce a fact file to show your understanding of the different life stages. You have been asked to discover as much information as possible about a family member (Parent, Aunt, Uncle, Grandparents) or a high profile person, to describe the...
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...different life stages and how people grow and develop. It requires you to reflect on the importance of a variety of factors and major life events on the development of individuals, and to consider the nature-nurture debate. The unit also allows you to gain an insight into the ageing process and to understand both positive and negative perspectives on ageing. Learning Outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1. Understand human growth and development through the life stages 2. Understand how life factors and events may influence the development of the individual 3. Understand physical changes and psychological perspectives in relation to ageing HOW THIS UNIT WILL BE ASSESSED To reach Pass level, the evidence must show that the learner is able to: P1 describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development through the life stages P2 describe the potential influence of five (5) life factors on the development of individuals P3 describe the influence of two predictable and two unpredictable major Life events on the development of the individual P4 describe two (2) theories of ageing P5 describe physical and psychological changes caused by the ageing process To reach Merit level, the evidence must show that, in addition to the...
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...M1 Compare two theories of ageing If we look at theories of ageing and how they describe ageing we could see that they have many differences. In this assignment, I will be comparing theories of ageing, disposable soma theory and disengagement theory. Both of those theories have a different approach to the ageing, disposable soma theory is focusing on biological predispositions of ageing which say that once our genes damaged then ageing process start and a specific action cause it, however in disengagement theory the main focus is on psychological site of it, which means how people changing through the aging process and how they are reacting to it.In biological theory, we cannot predict how and why our body will get older but we can take procurations to slow down this process, such as by having a good and balanced diet. Thomas Kirkwood argued that damaged cells can repair themselves if have appropriate nutrients. If we look at the psychological theory we could see that it is focusing on the stages and interactions with other when people grow older. As people age, they tend to remove themselves from society for death.They remove themselves from their roles and society by placing elderly in care home facilitate that they stop being active. There are some similarities to the theories.Both of them are talking about declining. In disposable soma theory the genetic decline making body to age and in disengagement theory we can see that person declining...
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...[pic] BTEC Level 3 Subsidiary/Diploma in HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE UNIT 4 DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE LIFE STAGES Name : …………………….. Target Grade ………………. Current Grade ……………… January – April 2014 |Pass |Merit |Distinction |Attempted |Complete | |P1 – Produce a series of posters that|M1 : Write a report that discusses |D1 : As a conclusion to your report, |P1 | | |describe physical, intellectual, |the nature – nurture debate in |evaluate how nature and nurture may | | | |emotional and social development for |relation to the development of the |affect the physical, intellectual, |M1 | | |each of the life stages of an |individual |emotional and social development of 2| | | |individual | |stages of the development on an |D1 | | | | |individual | | | |P2 – Using examples from someone’s | | |P2 | | |life, explain the potential...
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...Assignment: Learner information OCR Level 3 Health and Social Care Unit 4: Development through the life stages Assessor: Important Dates | |Assessment Criteria |Issue Date |Formative Assessment |Summative Assessment | |Task 1 |P1, M1 |17th December 2012 |10th January 2013 |17th January 2013 | |Task 2 |P2, P3, M2, D1 |7th January 2013 |17th January 2013 |28th January 2013 | |Task 3 |P4, P5, M3,D2 |14th January 2013 |28th January 2013 |4th February 2013 | CANDIDATE NAME: General Information for Learners Q Do I have to pass this assignment? A Yes. You must pass this assignment to achieve the full qualification. Q What help will I get? A Your tutor will help you when completing the OCR assignment and will make sure that you know what resources/facilities you need and are allowed to use. Q What if I don’t understand something? A It is your responsibility to read the assignment carefully and make sure you understand what you need to do and what you should hand in. If you are not sure, check with your tutor. Q Can I copy other people’s work? A No. The work that you produce...
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...The Ageing Process “How Our Bodies and Minds Change” Aging is a process that concerns us all. The increasing armamentarium provided by molecular biology and other techniques has allowed greater understanding of some of the processes involved. Numerous definitions of aging exist; an acceptable and commonly used definition is that aging is the total of all changes an organism undergoes from its conception to its death, including development, maturation and adulthood. There are many theories about how our bodies and minds change as we age, but no matter how much research or theories have been formed, one thing remains true is that our bodies and minds does, and will, change with age and one thing can be agree upon is that the end results in all these studies is that the body and minds does go through many changes during our life time. Since the life span varies between and within species and human longevity is partially hereditary, it is clear that genetic factors, the biology of the brain, and our culture effect the function of the brain and influence the aging process ( Johnson 1993, Schacter et al. 1993, Vijg et al. 1995). Twin studies show that genetic differences account for about a quarter of the variance in adult human lifespan. While a great deal of research has focused on diseases of aging, there are only a few informative studies on the molecular biology of the aging brain. Many molecular changes are due in part to a reduction in the size of the brain, as well as loss...
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...4: Development through the life stages P4: Explain two theories of ageing In this assignment I am going to explain the two theories of ageing I will be talking about the activity theory and the disengagement theory, saying the main points and then comparing them. People age throughout their life; it’s not only adults who age ,teenagers age from when they were a baby to becoming a teenager ,also babies age from being a baby to becoming a child. Age does not begin at any particular age. For example when people say we age or your ageing, they don’t man it literally, they may mean that you are developing, or growing up. Every life stage of an individual involves ageing. One of the theories that I am going to be talking about is the activity theory, which was created by Bromley in 1966; this theory is the opposite of the disengagement theory. Bromley believed that older adults would have to disengage but for them to also remain active to prevent disengagement from occurring he believed that older adults will age suitably if they take part in activities and live a more animated and lively lifestyle, which would prevent themselves from experiencing disengagement. According to Bromley he says that older adult’s excellence of life would get better however it depends on the older adult’s attitude, the activities that was carried out by the older adult and their interaction made with others. Bromley also added on to his theory that as long as older adults remain to be active they will...
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