...03 November 2013 Communication Theories In the article “Using Communication Theory for Health: Practical Guidance on Message Design and Strategy”, Dr. Timothy Edgar and Dr. Julie Volkman discuss three communication theories and how they have been used to effect change in public awareness of health issues. While the article discusses the use of communication theory in changing public health behaviors, these three theories can be directly applied in marketing strategies of for-profit companies. The first theory presented was Activation Model. This model states that audiences will seek to satisfy their need for stimulation and information when attending to a message, before they seek to fulfill their need for information alone. The article states that this method is best suited for targeting audiences that are high sensation seekers, usually a younger high school and college age demographic. From a managerial perspective this means that in order to deliver a message effectively to this target audience, the advertisement must contain some form of high impact stimulus. This stimulus could be in the form of loud music, action adventure video, or pulsating text or light. An example of this sort of ad campaign is the Slim Jim jerky ad with former wrestler Randy “Macho Man” Savage violently interrupting an apparently boring rehearsal of a high school play and shouting “Are you bored!” The ad starts off slow and doesn’t’ grab the intended audience’s attention until Macho Man explodes...
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...Synopsis of Communication Theories: Constructivism, Organizations, & Accommodation Josh Garcia Central Michigan University Synopsis of Communication Theories: Constructivism, Organizations, & Accommodation Throughout this course, several theories of communication were covered. Being able to communicate effectively is a critical component in the development of establishing meaningful relationships among people and places, as well as the exchange of information. In order to establish effective communication skills, it is necessary to analyze the system of ideas that have been designed among several scholars. However, this paper is specifically focused on the discussion of three theories, which were found to have relevant viewpoints. Throughout this paper, the theory of constructivism, the critical theory of communication in organizations (CTCO), and communication accommodation theory (CAT) were examined. Constructivism Theory Constructivism is a communication theory, which is focused on the identification of individual differences among people’s ability to communicate effectively in social situations (Griffin, 2012). Jesse Delia is credited for the development of constructivism theory. Delia’s theory of constructivism implies there is a difference between people who are interpersonally successful, opposed to those who are not. Delia’s theory of constructivism is focused on being able to better understand the differences among individuals who communicate more effectively...
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...Communication Theory: A Brief Examination September 8, 2008 Communications Theory: A Brief Examination Communication theory can be loosely defined as the theory of the communication of information from point A to point B. Communication is studied by scholars in depth and is broken up into semiotics, media effects, and message production however the aspects of communications that have the greatest affect in everyday life are interpersonal (how an individual processes information), intrapersonal (the interactions and influence that two individuals have on each other), and group (how dynamics happen among individuals). In this document, I shall use a team at my workplace of which I am a part. Upper management at my workplace recognized the need to assemble a group for a specialty project that had to be completed in 30 working days or less. Several things should have been considered before selecting employees to be on this team. It would have been conducive to the team as well as the project’s outcome if upper management would have selected employees who shared the same work ethics, were goal oriented, and had good people skills. Instead, the selection process was completely random. Two people from each of the twelve work groups were sent an electronic communication at 9:17 am on a Monday morning stating that they had been selected for a special project and report to the Pelican conference room immediately. Chaos is the only word that can be used to describe...
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...programmes ensured its popularity and it cut across all lines and attracted large numbers of viewers who tuned in regularly to watch. The problem arose when it was noticed that such entertaining programmes were upping their popularity by introducing elements like sex and violence to grab more eyeballs. The alternative to these programmes were boring educational programmes that lacked attractive elements. The programmes focused on simply reproducing textual knowledge without taking care as to how such information was presented or packaged. People therefore had just two types of programmes to choose from and there was a feeling that the power of television was not being utilized for greater good. Entertainment education is therefore a communication strategy and a process by which media messages are planned and created with an aim to entertain and educate audiences so that they can live a happy, safe and value-filled life. These programmes first capture the attention of the masses by entertaining them and then educate them in a manner which is easily understood. Entertainment education programmes incorporate the best elements of entertainment and educational programmes to attract viewers with quality shows. These programmes are escapist in nature and introduce a new world to the people watching. The viewers were attracted to stories of people like them who meet with various challenges and solve them. People became emotionally and intellectually invested in the lives of the protagonists...
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...COMMUNICATION THEORIES INDIVIDUAL REACTION PAPER COMMUNICATION THEORIES INDIVIDUAL REACTION PAPER Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Communication Theories 3 2. Three different experiences 4 2.1. Telling a friend about the death of her Pet 4 2.2. Making a call while on train 4 2.3. Warning friends about bad weather 4 3. Relating the communication experiences to theory 5 3.1. Telling a friend about the death of her Pet and the Lasswell’s communication model 5 3.2. Making a call while on train and the shanon and weaver model of communication 5 3.3. Warning friends about bad weather and the shanon and weaver model of communication 6 4. Relevance of communication process 6 5. Factors affecting communication process 7 6. Conclusion 8 7. References 9 1. Introduction Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message, channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents what can actually be a very complex process. The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is understanding of the message being sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as communication barriers that include...
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...Theories of communication Theories of communication Use the following page to discuss your one to one and group interactions in relation to theories of communication. One to one interaction; My one to one interaction with the staffs at Little Rascals Day Nursery was very successful because we were able to communicate and understand each other clearly, which allowed us to carry out our roles effectively. For example, I would ask a question for a task such as getting the snacks and lunch for the children of how I am going to do it with the help of the teacher’s (staff) guidance and what precautions I would need to consider as I am carrying out this task. For us to be able to initiate this, we followed Argyle’s communication theory where I am the ‘sender’ who encodes the spoken message and the teacher (staff) as the ‘receiver’ who decodes the message and encodes it on their own to give as a feedback. This implicates an example of an effective communication because we were able to understand each other without difficulties, allowing us to successfully work efficiently. Moreover (Worthing College PowerPoint, ‘Theories of Groups’ and Neil Moonie (2005) AS Level for Edexcel Health and Social Care) the theorist Tuckman (1965) states that effective group communication is formed of four [linear] stages:1. Forming is greeting and/or adjustment, this is the introductory stage meaning there may be no clear purpose and value system so members are not committed to the group.2. Storming...
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...What is communication theory it comes in all different type of cultural as well as gender, and each person cultural is important to them, and should be treated as such. It does not make any difference if you are a male or a female it is all the same feelings are feelings no matter what the sex of the person is. People thing just because a person is a male that they can say mean and cruel words about the cultural and they might think that it is ok but it is not the have feeling just the same as a female has and have the same care for their cultural as any. One of the many communication theory that I read from the University of Phoenix Library is the communication theory in Europe and Latin America. After reading this I can truly say that there were a lot of things that I did not know of their cultural I can say that I have learned quit a lot from reading this. “Communication theories are one of the main pillars of many higher education studies that, placing communication as its core topic have raised public presence.” ( Ascencio, Carlos Lozano; Mariño, Miguel Vicente. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, dec2010, Vol. 13 Issue 65, p1-11, 11p, 8) How does gender and cultural affect communication among fellow co-workers, your manger, patients, families, and care givers. When it comes down to our fellow co-workers we need to know just what cultural that they are so that we want say are do the wrong thing. People do not understand that harmful words hurt, and this is something that...
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...Individualism Index | Masculinity Index | Long-Term Orientation Index | China | 80 | 30 | 20 | 66 | 118 | France | 68 | 86 | 71 | 43 | 39a | Source: HOFSTEDE: Cultures And Organizations - Software of the Mind Characteristics of high and low face-saving cultures: Issue | High face-saving | Low face-saving | Context | High | Low | Favoured business communication approach | Politeness strategy; indirect plan | Confrontation strategy; direct plan | View of directness | Uncivil; inconsiderate; offensive | Honest; inoffensive | View of indirectness | Civil; considerate; honest | Dishonest; offensive | Amount of verbal self-disclosure | Low | High | Vagueness | Tolerated | Untreated | Source: Adapted from Romana Paszkowska, Intercultural Communication Module. Cracow School of Business Cracow University of Economics, 2014; p.12 Other Face Concern High Low High Self Face Concern Low INDIVDUALISTIC LOW-CONTEXT CULTURE COLLECTIVISTIC HIGH-CONTEXT CULTURE Obliging Compromising Avoiding Integrating Dominating Third-party help Passive agressive Emmotional expression CHINESE FRENCH Conflict Communication Styles: Dominating: One person's position or goal above the other. Avoiding: Eluding the conflict topic, the conflict party, or the conflict situation altogether. Obliging: High concern for the other person's conflict interest above a person's own interest. ...
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...Communication Theory Sherri L. Jackson HCS/320 Health Care Communication Strategies June 25, 2012 Tracey Collins Communication Theory Team Communication is a mixture of verbal and non-verbal communication that plays an important role in any group or organization. It provides purpose, direction, creates team culture, and it makes things happen. Team communication is necessary and unavoidable for a team to be effective. The ability of team members to understand and communicate information enables them to work together collaboratively. As with all things, team communication has its “pros and cons.” Effective team communication empowers the team with determination and energy to work together. The use of positive messages helps to motivate the team to put forth the extra effort. Clear direction in team communication, whether verbal or non-verbal gives the team vision and purpose and creates a sense of identity and motivation to accomplish a common goal. When a team can communicate effectively, it lessens misinterpretations. Speaking up and asking questions helps if at any time something is not understood. If there are misunderstandings, clear them up in a calm manner. Effective team communication is a combination of good manners, good attention, and open mindedness. Active team communication can withstand changes. Some downsides to team communication are that it is not personal. Every individual has various needs that should be addressed, which are impossible...
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...Communication Theory Amanda White HCS 320 April 18, 2011 Cheryl Workman Communication Theory Communication is defined by Webster’s Third New International Dictionary Unabridged (2011) as the act or action of impairing or transmitting facts or information between persons or places through a common system of symbols. With this knowledge it can be said that communication is a two way process during which information is shared between senders and recipients. There are three important factors to communication with this definition. One, communication involves two or more senders and intended recipients. Two, those senders and recipients are normally human. Three, it is a process that is active, continuous, reciprocal, and dynamic. Any of these three factors could lead to a failure to communicate. Gender plays a major role in how effective communication is. It is an inexperienced person who would assume that men and women communicate the same. Many times the communication dilemma comes from a lack of understanding. Women tend to add unnecessary details to a conversation that can confuse her male counterpart or even at times other females. An example of adding unnecessary details when communicating in the home is as follows. A wife was asked earlier in the day to have her husband help a neighbor with a project. When her husband returns home the wife begins to tell him that the neighbor needs help but she adds details about why she was outside, what the conversation with the neighbor...
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...Communication Theories Bradley Jordan HCS/320 April 14, 2011 Karen Jackson Communication Theories Communication Theories among patients and people occurs throughout the United States in every doctors office, hospital, dentist office, nursing homes, home health services, and chemical plants. The communication strategies between the patient and doctor are very important. One simple and basic law for communication among different cultures, genders, and races is that people who are alike tend to communicate better with each other. Over the years of research, studies have shown that individuals with different nationalities tend to communicate less with each other. An example of a difficult communication scenario can be found in a hospital or doctors office. In this particular communication scenario or situation, the intelligent doctor with high status has to relay information to an individual with little or no knowledge of medical terms. In most cases, the doctor finds himself or herself in a difficult situation trying to communicate verbally the diagnosis to a less educated individual. Individuals with high education levels would most likely understand the doctor’s diagnoses. Researchers state that the misunderstanding between the patient and doctor occurs at three levels. The first level of low socioeconomic patient status occurs when the patient have asked little question about his or her condition. Also at this particular level, the patient reveals little or no information...
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...Communication Theory Jo Marino HCS/320 April 11, 2012 Gloria Wilson Communication Theory Communication is an everyday occurrence. Without it the world would have no boundaries. People become trapped within themselves and would become ignorant to things around them. Communication can be a barrier breaker among people. Understanding how it works and how to be effective in communication is important. Logical, ethical, and emotional appeals plays an important role in how people interact and understand each other. Logical appeal is the logic and thinking when information is given and taken by you. It is whether someone knows about what is being communicated and not just trying to keep up with everyone. Ethical appeal expresses character, trustworthiness, responsibility, intelligence, and likableness. These characteristics of ethical appeal will help people decide if someone could be trusted in what they say and do. Then there is emotional appeal, which is the basis of how genuine someone is and if they feel the connection to the audience through communication. In my experience of management I had to follow these processes of communication to insure that my staff was indeed understanding of me and I of them. My Communication Process Logical Appeal My career as a manager communication was the biggest part of my day. Logical, ethical, and emotional appeals played important roles throughout my working experience. As a manager my logic had to be that...
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...Communication Theory Shere'e Edwards HCS/320 September 19, 2011 Professor Kimberly Foster Communication Theory Communication theory “takes into account the processes going on within a person as well as the interactions going on around him” (Whatever Mighty, 2008). In different cultures there are certain ways people communicate, so the organization or area known set the pattern of how communication flow within the environment. Communication theory is important to the work environment for businesses to run smoothly. Communication theory also focuses on the different ways it channels from one person to another by means of telephone, mail, radio, internet, or face to face. This paper will explain how gender and cultural differences affect communications within my organization among families. In addition, how communication theory is used to ensure a successful business. In cultural developments, communication in a family has an impact on how well a person develops. For an example, an infant needs from the first time of birth the mother’s bond as a way to communicate. In ways this can be done is by means of “reaching out, cuddle, stroke, and snuggle the baby” (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, 2006). “The baby, in turn, becomes securely attached to his parents and responds to their attention” (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, 2006). In time as the child develops his/her language “primarily through verbal interactions with the parents” (Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society...
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...Communication Theory Paper HCS/320 April 23, 2012 Communication Theory In this paper I am going to write about communications in a workplace environment. How communication affects every employee who works for the organization will signify how different cultural backgrounds and genders affect communication in the customer service position. I will also disclose what typically happens among members, coworkers, managers, caregivers, and families when communication is declared. In order for everyone to understand what this paper is about he or she should first know what gender and culture mean. According to Du Pre, A. (2005), “culture is a set of beliefs, rules, and practices shared by a group of people.” It is assumed that in every culture a member should act a certain way, they should know their roles, and how each action or event should be described. Gender is basically whether a person is a male or female. As a customer service representative I would have to communicate with my coworkers about any claims that need to be reprocessed, a member that may be on the line requesting to speak to them, a claim that he or she processed incorrectly, and a provider’s office requesting to speak to him or her about an issue they already discussed. In my organization I have crossed paths with people who do not want to communicate clearly what needs to be done in a specific situation, thus causing misunderstandings and errors. When I questioned the individual as to why he or she did...
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...Communication is essential no matter what type of organization you are in. According to (communication theory. (2005) “Communication is seen to involve an information source encoding a message which is transmitted via a channel to a receiver, where it is decoded and has an effect.” Different scenarios require different methods of communication, whether it is direct or face to face, or indirect via telephone or email. Most times, when people are trying to communicate, it is to present an idea, or method of which they think is important. Not everyone may view this point of view or ideal in the same way that you do. One way to be prepared is to be knowledgeable about your idea, whatever it is you are planning to present to your receiving audience. This will reflect well on you as you have done your research and know what you are talking about. Secondly, I would make sure that I have weighed the pros and cons of the outcome of my idea. Answering and talking about these can answer questions beforehand that would not need to be asked after the initial presentation. I would also make sure that you have checked out all avenues and the outcomes of how it would affect those involved, whether a patient, doctor or a bystander. You need to be prepared in advance just in case someone does ask you a barrage of questions, to prove to them that this idea was thought through and would be the best possible thing to make happen. When thinking of gender and cultural differences, I think of a wall...
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