... | |Public Relations | | | Unit 1 Unit 1 Introduction to Public Relations Introduction The Public Relations Environment Public relations play an important role in contributing towards mutual understanding among groups and institution in return helping our convoluted society to make decisions and function effectively. It successfully harmonizes private and public policies. Public relations has a significant role in diverse institution of society such as businesses, trade unions, government agencies, voluntary associations, foundations, hospitals, schools, colleges and religious institutions. To flourish or to achieve set targets, these institutions must communicate within or with outer world such as remote employees, members, customers, local communities, share holders and other institutions. The targeted institutional goals can only be achieved if the management knows the mindset and values of their people. The external environment has a great influence on setting up of goals. The public relations practitioner acts as a communication bridge between management and their subordinates, helps them to achieve their private aims through acceptable public policy and action. In cooperation with management, public relations encompass the following: ...
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...DEFINING PUBLIC RELATIONS pp.298-302 Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the flow of information between an individual or an organization and the public. PRSA (2010) – Public relations helps our complex, pluralistic society to reach decisions and function more effectively by contributing to mutual understanding among groups and institutions. It serves to bring private and public policies into harmony. Public relations serves a wide variety of institutions in society such as businesses, trade unions, government agencies, voluntary associations, foundations, hospitals, schools, colleges and religious institutions. To achieve their goals, these institutions must develop effective relationships with many different audiences of publics such as employees, members, customers, local communities, shareholders and other institutions, and with society at large. The managements of institutions need to understand the attitudes and values of their publics in order to achieve institutional goals. The goals themselves are shaped by the external environment. The public relations practitioner acts as a counselor to management and as a mediator, helping to translate private aims into reasonable, publicly acceptable policy and action. People who work in the public relations industry are generally known as flacks, public relations specialists, communications specialists, or media specialists. Their primary function is to serve as advocates for their employers—businesses, hospitals...
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...Public Relations Cases This collection of contemporary international public relations case studies is an invaluable resource for teachers, researchers and students working in public relations, corporate communications and public affairs, as well as offering practitioners an indepth understanding of the effective use of public relations in a range of organizational contexts. Including cases from the UK, Norway, Sweden, Spain, South Africa, Canada and the USA, with a focus on such global corporations as Shell, BBC America, Worldcom, PriceWaterhouseCoopers and Marks & Spencer, it offers important insights into the development of public relations and communications strategies. These include: • • • • • • • • Corporate identity change and management Global reputation management Crisis management in the oil, shipping and tourism industries Developing strategic alliances between voluntary and private sector organizations Public relations support for international branding and market entry The importance of internal communications during international mergers The integration of public relations and marketing communications Business-to-business communication The cases examined in this book demonstrate the breadth of contemporary public relations practice and the increasing importance of the public relations function in both public and private sector organizations worldwide. Danny Moss is Co-Director of the Centre for Corporate and Public Affairs at the Manchester Metropolitan University...
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...Strategic Public Relations – case 02 Karola Römer STARBUCKS: ‘Should Starbucks collaborate with all of its stakeholders or only a select few?’ Starbucks, generally considered to be the most famous specialty coffee shop chain in the world, today has over 6,000 stores in more than 30 countries. Many analysts have credited Starbucks with having turned coffee from a commodity into an experience to savour. Starbucks’ aim has always been to be one of the most recognized and respected brands in the world. Since it made its IPO (initial public offering) in 1992, Starbucks has been growing at a rate of 20 per cent per annum with profits at a rate of 30 per cent per annum. Starbucks has always felt that the key to its growth and its business success would lie in a rounded corporate brand identity, a better understanding of its customers and a store experience that would generate a pull effect through world-of-mouth. Howard Schultz, Starbuck’s founder and chairman, had early on in the company’s history envisioned a retail experience that revolved around high-quality coffee, personalized, knowledgeable services and sociability. So Starbucks put in place various measures to make this experience appealing to millions of people and to create a unique identity for Starbucks’ products and stores. Schultz felt that the equity of the Starbucks brand depend less on advertising and promotion and more on personal communications, on strong ties with customers and with members of the...
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...ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS 1 READING 1: Introduction to Advertising Defining Advertising • Advertising is the structured and composed non-‐personal communication of information, usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature, about products (e.g. goods, services and ideas) by identified sponsors through various media. Key Points from the definition: 1. Advertising is a type of communication—a very structured form of communication—employing both verbal and non-‐verbal elements that are composed to fill specific space and time formats determined by sponsors. 2. Advertising is directed to groups of people rather than to individuals; it is therefore non-‐personal or mass communication. 3. Most advertising is paid for by sponsors except those public service announcements that are carried at no charge because of their nonprofit status. 4. Advertising is ...
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...Sustainability External Affairs Public Relations Division Presented by: Scott Fessler Tametrius Walker Lisa O’Connor University of Phoenix, College Mathematics I Professor Anjana Verma December 2, 2011 Information About our Division At our office we exchange information with the Environment Protection Agency and the public, Congress, and State local natural environment. Our office provides Media Relations, Congressional and Intergovernmental Relations, Environmental Education and outreach, Environmental Information. Our mission is to teach, research and to provide community service through coordinated communications within a variation of agencies. The public relations staff goal is to connect with every agency and build long-term relationships. Information About our division In our office of Public Relations, we specialize in writing, researching, preparing materials, maintain contacts, and respond to inquiries to help the public and to stay on top of any matters that we can help to make the environment better for everyone. The Pollution Of Water, Lakes and Air Today the pollution of water is a major problem for our children and environment today in the United State. Today our big concern is that 59% is worried about how we are going to control these issues. 45% is worrying about the air pollution, 42% worrying about the loss of tropical rain forests, and lower levels worried about extinction of species and global warming. But water related issues...
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...International Relation. Before 1950s world politics was confined within frequent wars including two world wars. But after 1950s world politics, including cold war was filled up by many variants to ensure each states security as arms race, nuclearization as well as security against global climate change. Like all other things, global climate change also got a strong basis of global agenda in international relations specificly in 1972. Since then international relations and global climate change have become very intimate to one another to be discussed. By 1972 and having a remarkable benchmark in 1992, global environment as well as global climate change is being practiced almost with every aspect of international relations which include state, non-state actors, domestic international relationship, various political approach, several global accord, security and world trade as well. In this paper, we will try to find out the intensity of the intimacy between international relations and global climate change through several different approaches. In the beginning of the paper we will survey on the theories of international relations through which both international relations and global climate change can be explained then the discussion will be shifted to the role of state and non state actors on climate change, which will be pursued to the effect of climate change on human activities and the history of global climate change co-operation. Then we will move to an analysis of the global climate...
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...Module Title: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Question 1: Set out the main criticisms that have been levelled at the above three MNC's In the case of Nestle, it became evident that no formal research into the emerging market was carried out. No approached to local authorities or government agencies was made; who may have had great knowledge/insight into feeding practice within the region or problems/issues that Nestle may be faced with. They simply tried to implement existing 'western' aspirational marketing practice into a region that they knew nothing about. Their communications with the target market were poor & unclear which led to the misconception that formula was a good way to replace breast milk and other forms of nutrition vital to child development. The company did not play its role in educating the public as to the proper methods of using the product and indeed the danger of it's misuse, and also did not consider the different living conditions as a factor in which could lead to such misuse. Their aggressive marketing approach ignored or de-emphasized breast feeding & much of their promotional efforts were misleading in encouraging poor & illiterate mothers to bottle-feed rather than breast feed their infants. Advertising portrayed breast-feeding as primitive and inconvenient. Free gifts & samples were supplied by sales reps dressed as quasi-medical staff known as 'milk nurses'; which were viewed as 'endorsements by association'. Quality control...
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...INTRODUCTION Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the flow of information between an individual or an organization and the public. Public relations may include an organization or individual gaining exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. The aim of public relations by a company often is to persuade the public, investors, partners, employees, and other stakeholders to maintain a certain point of view about it, its leadership, products, or of political decisions. Common activities include speaking at conferences, winning industry awards, working with the press, and employee communication. Public relations is thought by many to be propaganda by a different name, ironically, the very term "Public relations" could easily be seen as a public relations ploy to make the idea of propaganda more acceptable. Public Relations is similar to Analyst Relations, Investor Relations and Public Affairs depending on the firm, organization or population it represents. DEFINITIONS OF PUBLIC RELATIONS “Public Relations is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between on organization and its publics.” - Institute of Public Relations, USA “Public relations is the attempt by information persuasion and adjustment to engineer public support for an activity, cause, movement...
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...forces in advance before entering into new countries to do business. If they don’t prepare they will not be very successful in conducting business in another country and will not gain the competitive advantage they strived for when deciding to conduct business globally. Also, if a company does not enter the global market prepared they could run into problems that they did not foresee, which could result in damage to the company name and image, not only affecting international business but domestic business as well. This in turn could create the company to sustain profit losses and gain a tarnished reputation that they would have to fix to regain their competitive advantage and above average returns. In order to be a successful in operating in another country multinational enterprises must have a manager or a set of mangers to deal with three very complex external demands, cross-market integration, national responsiveness, and worldwide learning. (Bartlett et al, 2008). No matter what aspect attracts a company to another country whether it is, economies of scale, economies of scope, factor costs, or liberalization of world trade, the company must come into that global market aware of all the differences pertaining to the eight-facet model for analyzing country environments. The company needs to be aware of the differences...
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...Vodafone showcases CSR strategy at conference | | Maher addressing the CSR conference in Doha | Vodafone Qatar CEO Grahame Maher showcased the company’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy at the second Conference on Corporate Social Responsibility which took place at The Four Seasons Hotel on Tuesday. Organised by the Qatar Ministry of Business and Trade under the patronage of the Minister of Business and Trade HE Sheikh Jassim bin Abdulaziz bin Jassim al-Thani, the conference aimed to lay the foundations to apply the principles of social responsibility in Qatari companies, as well as developing recommendations to implement these standards locally. “The world is a big place and each of us has an important role to play in shaping what kind of world we live in. Vodafone Qatar’s market position as an innovator and leader brings with it a responsibility to conduct our business in an exemplary manner,” Maher stated. He declared that Vodafone Qatar is committed to using its position as a business leader to help build stronger communities, while accepting the challenge as individuals for each and every one to lead by example. “At Vodafone Qatar we believe that being a responsible company lies at the very heart of our purpose to make a world of difference for all people in Qatar,” Vodafone Qatar’s corporate responsibility head Luisa Gentile said. Corporate responsibility goes beyond just making money. It is about helping those less fortunate, using resources...
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...Organizational Ethics (Apple) Josh Berge ETH/316 April 26, 2015 Apple is a leader in innovative technology and continues to make improvements to stay at the top of the field. With technology growing and the general public being able to share their views on everything over the internet and social media, companies need to be more careful than ever. Companies are going to have to deal with more negative reviews because it is so easy for the public to voice their opinions. There was an old saying that there is no such thing as “bad press” although with the growth of the public’s power to be heard, has been the growth of public relations. Dealing with ethics is something every company has to do. The larger the company the more likely they will have a code of ethics or a set of guidelines they go through when having to make a decision that has ethical implications. Apple being the global innovative technology giant that it is has to be very aware of how easy it is for the public’s voice to be heard. This is more of a reason to make sure that the company is being smart and covering itself of potential public relation problems down the road. Apple really pushes their employees to be the best they can, they want their employees to be invested in the company. When dealing with ethics they want their employees to always do what is right, even if it might not benefit the company. They would rather have them do that, than make an unethical decision that would help the company. That...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at http://www.emerald-library.com/ft McDonald's: ``think global, act local'' ± the marketing mix Principal Lecturer, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK Keywords Globalization, Marketing mix, Marketing management, Fast-food industry, Marketing, Franchising Abstract Focuses on the marketing mix of McDonald's. Highlights how the company combines internationalisation and globalisation elements according to various fast food markets. Using the effect of strategical and tactical models, the case illustrates the effect of McDonald's on the global environment and how they adapt to local communities. Describes future franchise plans for McDonald's. McDonald's: ``think global, act local'' 97 Claudio Vignali Introduction McDonald's background Two brothers, Richard and Maurice McDonald founded McDonald's in 1937. The brothers developed food processing and assembly line techniques at a tiny drive-in restaurant east of Pasadena, California. In 1954, Ray Kroc, a milk-shake mixer salesman, saw an opportunity in this market and negotiated a franchise deal giving him exclusive rights to franchise McDonald's in the USA. Mr Kroc offered a McDonald's franchise for $950 at a time when other franchising companies sold restaurant and ice-cream franchises for up to $50,000. Mr Kroc also took a service fee of 1.9 per cent of sales for himself plus a royalty of 0.5 per cent of sales went to the McDonald brothers...
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...Top Advertising Companies In South Africa 1) Ogilvy & Mather South Africa In 1948, David Ogilvy founded the agency that would become Ogilvy & Mather. Starting with no clients and a staff of two, he built his company into one of the eight largest advertising networks in the world with more than 450 offices and 18,000 staff across 169 cities. Ogilvy & Mather South Africa’s origins lie with a small hot shop in Cape Town, founded by Bob Rightford, Brian Searle-Tripp and Roger Makin in 1976. After merging with Ogilvy in 1980, Ogilvy & Mather RS-TM dominated the local creative scene during the first decade and over the next twenty years was recognized as a brand-focused agency that acted with integrity. During the 1990’s, Ogilvy & Mather South Africa soared creatively under the leadership of Robyn Putter (1950-2010), who eventually went on to become the global creative head of WPP. Today, Ogilvy & Mather is the leader in the industry, focused on building and transforming brands. For more than 50 years, O&M South Africa has created iconic advertising for clients such as KFC, VW, SAB, BP, DStv and Kraft, and we continue to live by our founders credo of “We sell, or else”.on Portfolio: http://www.ogilvy.co.za/2013/07/audi-audia3exchange-case-study/ Why? I Think the fact that they shave been in the business for so long, and handle major accounts and have won numerous awards time and time again proves to be good at what they do. They are the best...
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...Peter Hertzberg Public Relations Case Study #1 BP’s Loose Lips Sink Ships Assignment: Case Study Paper/Presentation: You will be assigned a case study from the book. You are to read the case, answer the questions at the end as your “paper”. Prepare a summary of what the case was about and how you answered all the questions and turn that summary into a speech. The presentation should be no more than 10 minutes. Please use visuals and a power point for your presentation. The Issue The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was an oil spill that began in April 20, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect, considered the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry. It claimed 11 lives when the oil rig exploded and spilled 4.9 million barrels or 210 million US gal of oil for 87 days. It was finally capped on September 19, 2010. Numerous investigations explored the causes of the explosion and record-setting spill. Notably, the U.S. government's September 2011 report pointed to defective cement on the well, faulting mostly BP, but also rig operator Transocean and contractor Halliburton. Earlier in 2011, a White House commission likewise blamed BP and its partners for a series of cost-cutting decisions and an insufficient safety system, but also concluded that the spill resulted from "systemic" root causes and "absent significant reform in both industry practices and government policies, might well recur". In November 2012, BP and...
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