...This meeting was intended for Jefferson to discuss about plans pertaining to the new government with James Monroe and the site of the capital. Monroe stopped Hamilton and his actions with the government already. This incident damages the relationship between the two. Another situation is that these men already had their own set ideologies and acts to pass within the government. While Hamilton did have allies, he and Jefferson founded their own group in secret. This was named as the Compromise of 1790. Chapter 3 was based on the topic of slavery. Thomas Scott and James Jackson supported slavery at the time. Slavery was discussed with its pros and cons such as the economic yield from it, but the morality against it. To remove all the negative emotion with this topic, the men agreed to make Congress not have the ability to remove slavery. Benjamin Franklin opposed this but had his hands tied because he feared of the southern states’ secession due to...
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...Chapter Seven Essay--Trace the development of political parties during Washington's administration and describe their basic philosophies. George Washington was the very first President of the United States. This was such a huge role to take on, not only because of his duties as President, but because it was also setting a precedent for future U.S. Presidents and the federal government as a whole. During Washington’s presidency, many political parties and departments were set up, each with a certain role in the federal government, and many with different ideological views. Washington’s first order of business was to establish his Cabinet. The Department of State, under the first secretary Thomas Jefferson, was responsible for U.S. diplomatic problems. The Department of Justice, under General Edmund Randolph, was responsible for enforcing the laws and an administration of justice. There was also the Department of the Treasury, which was overseen by Secretary Alexander Hamilton, and was responsible for managing government revenue. Lastly, the Supreme Court was established which was the governing force of the federal government; this is where federal cases were disputed. With the initial set up of the federal government system, came the first political parties of the U.S. government. Each political party had its common interests and views which was there main focus in their way of governing. The first two political parties were called the Federalists and the Republicans. ...
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...Ellis asserts that Washington’s choice to resign was not a failure, but a success and set a standard for future presidents to follow. Washington was aware of his influence, and believed that by setting this example, it would prevent the government from turning into a monarchy and allow the success of the republic. Ellis also suggests that Washington’s dislike from criticism from the press and his bad health due to his age led to this decision. The author also gives an overview of the address and further discusses the main points. This chapter was also well written with a stronger voice to keep the reader...
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... Hamilton made tight-knit relationships with many people along his journey, however, some people had more of an impact than others. Historical figures, Maria Reynolds and Aaron Burr, played roles in persuading the decisions of what he chose to publish as influential writings that led to his nonexistent presidency, or for backing Thomas Jefferson for president; both of which really affected...
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...history of the United States. Joseph Ellis is an American historian and professor. He specializes in American history, and more specifically the founding fathers of America. Ellis has an M.A. and a Ph.D. from Yale University. He has written several biographies about the founders of America, including Adams, Jefferson and Washington. His book about Jefferson titled, "American Sphinx: The...
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...election, Adams arrived in the new Capital City to take up his residence in the White House. On his second evening in its damp, unfinished rooms, he wrote his wife “Before I end my letter, I pray Heaven to bestow the best blessings on this house and all that shall hereafter inhabit. May none but honest and wise Men ever rule under this roof.” Before becoming president, John Adams was a lawyer and his service fee was low, but he was proud that his political argument was published in several newspapers. Let me give some brief background on President Washington’s cabinet; he appointed two political leaders, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, to his cabinet. Jefferson, a political veteran, was made the Secretary of State and Hamilton, a New York lawyer, was made Secretary of the Treasury. Adams was a member of the Continental Congress, and Congress nominated him to write the Declaration of Independence. However, Thomas Jefferson wrote more than Adams. But Adams was good...
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...Preface: The Generation In the preface, Joseph Ellis takes his time in explaining the importance of the American Revolution. He starts off by stating that during the 1780’s everyone thought that it was only natural that America verge away from British rule. They all figured that it would be a gradual change; not a full blown revolution. Throughout the chapter, Ellis puts great emphasis on the many things that could have gone wrong during the revolution. He points all these negative events and set backs that he felt could easily have brought the developing America down to show just how great of an accomplishment the revolution was. The Founding Fathers were not completely oblivious to the severity of breaking away from Great Britain. Tom Pain states that, “it is only common sense that an island can not rule a continent (pg.3).” Many assumed that it was only natural that the thirteen colonies govern themselves. They figured that it would be a peaceful break such as the gaining of independence for Ghana or Canada. It was not until later on that the colonies realized that Britain would not easily hand over the land. What I find interesting is that only the Founding Fathers seemed to realize the great events taking place during their time. John Adams even instructed his wife to file and keep all of his records. It is as if he knew that hundreds of years from then, we the future Americans would look back at his notes and recognize his greatness. This makes me wonder why they...
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...Brothers to each other and Fathers to the nation, James Adams, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Benjamin Franklin, and James Madison led the United States to independence over a series of revolutionary events. Joseph Ellis’s Founding Brothers successfully brings to life the issues and personalities of this period in time and is able to characterize these figures beyond their distinguished names, but as characters in a dramatic and remarkable history. Ellis succinctly analyzes six major events in the late 18th century: the Burr-Hamilton duel, the Compromise of 1790, the issue of slavery, Washington’s Farewell Address, the Adams Administration, and the friendship between Adams and Madison. He is able to vividly...
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...Thomas Jefferson By Juan Garcia Introduction The third president of the United States, Jefferson is most famous as the author of the Declaration of Independence, a document that served as a profound expression of his own beliefs on equality and natural rights, as well as a concise articulation of the revolutionary impulses of an emerging nation. Long revered as one of America's founding fathers, Jefferson remains the subject of intense scholarly debate in the twenty-first century. Of particular interest to current critics and historians are his views on the separation of church and state, and the inconsistency between his well-documented belief in individual liberty and his status as a slave owner. His views on Native Americans, African-Americans, and women are considered at odds with the principle of universal equality he claimed in the Declaration to be “self-evident.” Biographical Information Jefferson was born at Shadwell, in Goochland (now Albemarle) County, Virginia. His father was a self-made man and an early settler of the Virginia wilderness, and his mother was a member of a prominent Colonial family, the Randolphs. Jefferson attended private schools and the College of William and Mary, where he studied law, science, literature, and philosophy. He was admitted to the bar in 1767 and practiced law for two years. In 1769 he was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses. During that same year he designed and began building Monticello, his famous family home, in...
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...Founding Brothers Through a sequence of six important events in United States history, the author goes into depth on the challenges faced by our Founding Fathers as they created the new government of the United States after the Revolutionary War. He focuses his writings around the most important members of the Revolutionary era, the Founding Fathers. They are: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, Aaron Burr, John Adams, and Abigail Adams. Ellis’s quest is to examine each one’s personality to discover the historical truth. This book is divided into six sections and an additional preface, each of which focuses on an event or issue during the Revolutionary Era, which occurred from 1764 to 1789. Ellis attempts to examine the time from both foresight and hindsight. He attempts to impart the improved perspective afforded by centuries of hindsight. His goal is to rediscover our Founding Fathers, and the length to which they formed or were formed by the rough period in which they lived and acquired their historical reputations....
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... George Washington (1789-1797) Judiciary Act of 1789: The Judiciary Act set up the judicial branch of government. Congress decided, in this act, that the Supreme Court would have six members: one chief justice and five associate judges; there would be thirteen district courts with one judge each; and there would be three circuit courts of appeal, which would have one of the district judges and two Supreme Court justices. Congress also gave the Supreme Court the right to settle state arguments. Bill of Rights Ratified: The Antifederalists, who did not support the Constitution, wanted a list of rights in the Constitution that could not be taken away from them. Congress created ten Amendments, or the Bill of...
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...|Pre-war event |Description |Contribution to the Revolutionary War | |French and Indian War|Also known as the 7 Years War, a conflict mostly between native Indian tribes, |Led to the British and French for the Posession of the continent. The French wanted to | | |the British and the French. |reclaim the Americas after severeal defeats. The French returned to join the American | | | |Colonists to defeat the Brtitish which led to American independence. | |Sugar Act |On April 5, 1764, the parliament passed a modified version of the Sugar and |The Sugar Act had disrupted the colonial economy by reducing the markets to which the | | |Molasses Act of 1733, and this act was about to expire. Under the Molasses or |colonies could sell, and the amount of currency available to them for the purchase of | | |Sugar Act colonial merchants were required to pay a tax of six pence per gallon |British manufactured goods. This act, in addition to the Currency Act, set the stage for | | |on the importation of foreign molasses. |the revolt at the imposition...
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...the first campaign biography, Caesar’s Gallic Wars. He publicized his military exploits to convince the Roman people that he would make the best head of state. Candidates for political office continue to publicize themselves with campaign biographies and accounts of military exploits to this day. In 394 A.D., St. Augustine was a professor of rhetoric in Milan, the capitol of the Western Roman Empire. He delivered the regular eulogies to the emperor and was the closest thing to a minister of propaganda for the imperial court. Thus, St. Augustine was one of the first people in charge of public relations. The modern equivalent would be the President’s press secretary or communication director. In 1776, Thomas Paine wrote “The Crisis,” a pamphlet which convinced the soldiers of Washington’s army to stay and fight at a time when so many were prepared to desert so they could escape the cold and the hardships of a winter campaign. Paine was a master of political propaganda whose writing could get people to do things and believe things. Benjamin Franklin made it a rule to forbear all contradiction to others, and all positive assertions of his own. He would say, "I conceive” or "'I apprehend" or "I imagine” a thing to be so, or it appears to be so. Franklin pioneered the rules for "personal relations" in an era before mass media had made possible a profession called "public relations." 1 In the middle of the 19th century appeared a man who was to become one of the leading publicists...
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...colonists loyal to the American cause, willing to die for it. Deeply believed in republicanism, a belief set forth by people like Thomas Paine. They included anyone from lawyers to farmers. #4: Hessian German soldiers hired by Britain to help defeat the colonists. They were commonly considered mercenaries, as they had no code of ethics. Many were criminals, and acted as such on the battlefield. #5: Marquis de Lafayette A French officer that served under Washington during the Revolutionary War. He also came from a wealthy family, and was considered an aristocrat. Being an aristocrat, he was persecuted during the Reign of Terror, but survived. #6: Gen. John Burgoyne A cunning British commander who served during the Revolutionary War. He devised a plan to invade key points of America, but it ended up failing. He later surrendered and it was a great victory for the Patriots. #7: Gen. Horatio Gates Formerly a British soldier, he was a Patriot general during the Revolutionary War. Many saw him as a traitor because he attempted to take Washington’s position. He did, however, take credit for the Battles of Saratoga. #8: Frederick von Steuben A former Prussian, he served as a Patriot general during the Revolutionary War. Considered to be the creator of military drilling and discipline. He ended up being Washington’s Chief of Staff for the ending of the war. #9: George Rogers Clark Led the Kentucky militia during the war. Was the highest ranking military officer in the Northwest area. Considered...
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...European powers were not likely to negotiate thirteen separate commercial treaties, and that Britain was well served by letting the situation fester. The term "Federalist" was later applied to the emerging political faction headed by Alexander Hamilton in George Washington's administration. Revolution of 1800: Some observers have regarded Jefferson's election in 1800 as revolutionary. This may be true in a restrained sense of the word, since the change from Federalist leadership to Republican was entirely legal and bloodless. Nevertheless, the changes were profound. The Federalists lost control of both the presidency and the Congress. By 1800, the American people were ready for a change. Under Washington and Adams, the Federalists had established a strong government. They sometimes failed, however, to honor the principle that the American government must be responsive to the will of the people. They had followed policies that alienated large groups. For example, in 1798 they enacted a tax on houses, land and slaves, affecting every property owner in the country. Jefferson had steadily gathered behind him a great mass of small farmers, shopkeepers and other workers; they asserted themselves in the election of 1800. Jefferson enjoyed extraordinary favor because of his appeal to American idealism. In his inaugural address, the first such speech in the new capital of Washington, D.C., he promised "a wise and frugal government" to preserve order...
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