...From cliché to inception: a review of Bioprinting Tyler Crossley MCB 404 Biomedical Ethics Dr. Pimentel Introduction The utilization of 3-dimmensional printers to produce functional applications by the personal and consumer sectors have been acknowledged since the development of this technology. Two categories for product applications of 3-dimmensional printing exist: products to improve individual personal life, such as hearing aids and prosthetic limbs; engineering parts for many consumer products, such as many components of engines, guns and even musical instruments. Whichever contextual application of this technology is desired and utilized, both ethical benefits and weaknesses exist. Multiple American companies including General Electric, Boeing, Nike, Honeywell and others have used this technology in manufacturing motor components, shoes, solar panels and other consumer products. Endless potential applications of 3-dimmensional printing exist for future developments. Interestingly, printing of meat for human consumption as an alternative to harvesting meat from animals is currently being researched. In 2008 PeTA offered a $1 million X-Prize style reward for the first group to synthetically develop such commercially viable meat. This is one case in which proposing ethical dilemmas exist, and the many alternative controversies this topic entails. Further bioethical dilemma’s and considerations exist and will be discussed...
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...Company History William Proctor and James Gamble created Proctor and Gamble in 1873. William Proctor introduce him self to Cincinnati as a candlemaker, while his counterpart apprenticed himself to a soapmaker. They met by chance when they married sisters and fittingly they initiated a partnership of candlemaking and soapmakeing. A partnership then originated on October 13, 1837. In 1850 Moons and Stars became the unofficial trademark. In 1862, Proctor and Gamble profited by making candles for the Union soldiers, keeping the company afloat through good publicity. James Norris Gamble, the son of James Gamble, created Ivory in 1879. By 1980, Proctor and Gamble was a successful partnership. Producing over thirty types of soap. Excellent advertisement caused the need for more plants to be open, such as Ivorydale. With the creation of new plants, so the creation of new and improved ideas. Products such as: "˜Ivory-Flakes'-a soap for washing cloths and dishes, "˜Chipso'- the first soap for washing machines, "˜Dreft'- the first synthetic detergent for households, and "˜Crisco'- the all-vegetable shorting that changed cooking forever. The company had grown from $7,192.94 the original investment by Proctor and Gamble, to over $350 million in 1945. 53 years after the formation of the successful partnership, P&G was incorporated to gain financial capital for an expansion. The expansion carried with it the creation of Tide. Tide overtook the market and by 1959 was the leading detergent...
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...UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA MEAM Master of Science in Engineering Program GUIDELINES FOR GRADUATE STUDY September 2014 Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania 229 Towne Bldg., 220 S. 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315 meam@seas.upenn.edu www.me.upenn.edu Tel. 215-898-2826 Fax 215-573-6334 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction .........................................................................................................................3 2. Administrative Structure .....................................................................................................3 3. Advisor(s) ............................................................................................................................3 4. Degree Requirements ..........................................................................................................4 5. General Information ............................................................................................................4 Registration ..................................................................................................................4 Leaves of Absence .......................................................................................................5 Obsoleteness ................................................................................................................5 Changes in Course...
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...These pages were downloaded from Writing Personal Statements Online, available at https://www.e-education.psu.edu/writingpersonalstatementsonline/ Short Personal Statement by a Geology Student Growing up in Canada with a life-long fascination for Canadian geography, I have always been interested in returning to the country. Although my family moved to the US before I entered high school, I have always kept my eyes turned north, especially in recent years as I began to read journal articles about research conducted on John Evans Glacier, located about 80° N latitude. Graduating next semester with a B.S. in computer science and engineering and a minor in geographic information systems, I am interested in attending the University of Alberta for graduate study. Geographic information systems (GIS) is a field especially suited to investigating spatial patterns, modeling diverse scenarios, and overlaying spatial data. This semester, in my advanced GIS course, Spatial Data Structures and Algorithms, I am part of a team developing a temporal database and program for tracing historical trading data. My computer science skills have also been put to use in two summer internship projects, where I acquired proficiency with using LIDAR (light detection and ranging) technology, now favored by NASA in its current 10-year study of Greenland and changes in the ice cap extent. Through my coursework and project experience, I have also accrued skills...
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...used to treat disease and injury, and why they're the subject of such vigorous debate. Here are some answers to frequently asked questions about stem cells. Why is there such an interest in stem cells? Researchers hope stem cell studies can help to: * Increase understanding of how diseases occur. By watching stem cells mature into cells that eventually become bones, heart muscle, nerve cells, and other organs and tissue, researchers and doctors may better understand how a variety of diseases and conditions develop. * Generate healthy cells to replace diseased cells (regenerative medicine). Researchers hope they can train stem cells into becoming specific cells so that those specialized cells can be used to regenerate and repair diseased or damaged tissues in people. People who might benefit from stem cell therapies include those with spinal cord injuries, type 1 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and multiple sclerosis. Stem cells could also be grown to become new tissue for use in transplant medicine. * Test new drugs for safety and effectiveness. Before using new drugs in people, researchers could use stem cells to test the safety and quality of investigational drugs. For instance, nerve cells could be generated in order to test a new drug for a nerve disease. Tests could show whether the new drug had any effect on the cells and whether the cells...
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...technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (UN Convention on Biological Diversity).[1] Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the (related) fields of bioengineering and biomedical engineering. For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production and medicine.[2] The term itself is largely believed to have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky. In the late 20th and early 21st century, biotechnology has expanded to include new and diverse sciences such as genomics, recombinant gene technologies, applied immunology, and development of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic tests.[3] Definitions of biotechnology The concept of 'biotech' or 'biotechnology' encompasses a wide range of procedures (and history) for modifying living organisms according to human purposes — going back to domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and "improvements" to these through breeding programs that employ artificial selection and hybridization. Modern usage also includes genetic engineering as well as cell and tissue culture technologies. Biotechnology is defined by the American Chemical Society as the application of biological organisms, systems, or processes by various industries to learning about the science of life and the improvement of the value of materials and organisms such as pharmaceuticals, crops, and livestock...
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...National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement LIFE SCIENCES Further Education and Training Phase Grades 10-12 basic education Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CurriCulum and assessment PoliCy statement Grades 10-12 life sCienCes CAPS LIFE SCIENCES GRADES 10-12 department of Basic education 222 Struben Street Private Bag X895 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: +27 12 357 3000 Fax: +27 12 323 0601 120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023 Cape Town 8000 South Africa Tel: +27 21 465 1701 Fax: +27 21 461 8110 Website: http://www.education.gov.za © 2011 department of Basic education isBn: 978-1-4315-0578-4 Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution Printed by: Government Printing Works CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT POLICY STATEMENT (CAPS) LIFE SCIENCES GRADES 10-12 FOREWORD by thE ministER Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution (Act 108 of 1996). the Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the Constitution are to: • heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights; improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person; lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which...
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...BRAND IMAGEBrand image is the current view of the customers about a brand. It can be defined as a unique bundle of associations within the minds of target customers. It signifies what the brand presently stands for. It is a set of beliefs held about a specific brand. In short, it is nothing but the consumers’ perception about the product. It is the manner in which a specific brand is positioned in the market. Brand image conveys emotional value and not just a mental image. Brand image is nothing but an organization’s character. It is an accumulation of contact and observation by people external to an organization. It should highlight an organization’s mission and vision to all. The main elements of positive brand image are- unique logo reflecting organization’s image, slogan describing organization’s business in brief and brand identifier supporting the key values.Brand image is the overall impression in consumers’ mind that is formed from all sources. Consumers develop various associations with the brand. Based on these associations, they form brand image. An image is formed about the brand on the basis of subjective perceptions of associations bundle that the consumers have about the brand. Volvo is associated with safety. Toyota is associated with reliability. | The idea behind brand image is that the consumer is not purchasing just the product/service but also the image associated with that product/service. Brand images should be positive, unique and instant. Brand images...
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...of the required elements of an ECP, as follows: • What is silica? • Purpose of the ECP • Responsibilities • Risk identification, assessment, and control • Education and training • Safe work procedures • Health monitoring • Documentation Each section of this document includes text in boxes that helps explain the purpose of each part of the ECP and gives some guidance about the type of information to include in each section. The remainder of the text (following the boxed text) is information that may be appropriate to your silica work operations and can be copied and pasted into your firm’s plan. Appendix A is a table that can be used as a risk assessment tool and an aid for making decisions regarding engineering controls and personal protective equipment (including respiratory protection). The table is divided into • Tasks—Different work activities, such as grinding, chip hammering, and abrasive blasting...
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...Spring 2010 School of Engineering Maintenance impact on Production Profitability - A Case Study Växjö, 2010 Thesis no:TEK 028/2010 Obamwonyi Martyn Enofe Gregory Aimienrovbiye Department of Terotechnology (Total Quality Maintenance) Linnaeus University School of Engineering Department of Terotechnology (Total Quality Maintenance) 4SE31E Degree Project Master Thesis Författare/ Authors Obamwonyi Martyn Enofe Gregory Aimienrovbiye Linnaeus University Institutionen / Institution School of Engineering Department of Terotechnology (Systemekonomi) Dokumenttyp/Type of document Examensarbete (Degree Project) Handledare/Tutors Matias Taye Examinator/ Examiner Basim Al-Najjar Title och undertitel/ Title and subtitle Maintenance impact on Production Profitability - A Case Study Sammanfattning/Abstract Maintenance has had a tremendous impact on company’s proficiency to optimize its production system in order to meet its long term objectives. Generally, a production system in which maintenance is not given attention may easily lead to the system producing defective product as a result of machine defect. The purpose of this thesis is to utilized tools and methods to analyze the impact of maintenance implementation in a production system. The analytical Hierarchy process was utilized to filter the defining factors and sub-factors considered to be related to the life length and performance of production equipment in the research which was carried out at SCA...
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...Hoeffler, Erin MacDonald, Jackki Mohr, Bill Moore, Vithala Rao, Allan Shocker, and Gal Zauberman. Introduction Touted as the “most significant category innovation since toilet paper first appeared in roll form in 1890,” dispersible (flushable) moist toilet tissue on a roll was introduced in the United States by Kimberly Clark in 2001. According to a corporate press release, Cottonelle Fresh Rollwipes was a breakthrough product that “delivers the cleaning and freshening of pre-moistened wipes with the convenience and disposability of toilet paper.” Internal market research seemed to indicate that there was a clear customer need for a new product to supplement dry toilet paper. Surveys and focus groups revealed that over 60% of adult consumers had experimented with a moist cleaning method (e.g., using baby wipes, wetting a washcloth, sprinkling water on dry toilet paper) and one out of four used a moist cleaning method daily. Kimberly Clark made the obvious connection that a majority of US consumers found dry toilet paper to be limited for their real needs. Convinced that there was a huge market opportunity for a more convenient product that addressed this consumer need for a cleaner and more refreshing bathroom tissue, Kimberly Clark obtained more than 30 patents on a new product and dispenser and invested...
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...Introduction Packages Limited was born out of a dream to set up in Pakistan an industry of excellence based on local raw materials and talent. In July 1954 while on a visit to Sweden, Syed Babar Ali the first Managing Director and now Advisor to Packages Limited, negotiated the setting up of a packaging plant in Lahore with the collaboration of AB Akerlund and Rausing (Sweden). Packages Ltd. is one of the most famous and successful companies in packaging industry. It is situated at the south side of Lahore city in the industrial area., Packages emerged as a company geared to provide solutions. Sprawled over 105 acres, Packages is a dynamic example of cross-functional integration of various processes. Initially, Packages helped the consumer industry by providing packaging solutions in the form of cartons for cigarette, tea, confectionery, pharmaceutical and soap industries. However, supply of paper and board by local mills did not meet the quality requirements of the customers. As a result, in 1965 backward integration became a necessity to sustain quality output when a Paper and Board mill was put up. This happened because of strong belief in self-sufficiency and quality product development as an inherent part of the process. It is sole largest company, which is serving the 35% need of a county in its category. Today, Packages Ltd. is considered among the leading, fully integrated packaging complexes in Asia.. It was the dream of Syed Baber Ali to set up in Pakistan an industry...
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...(1PT12MBA57) III Semester, MBA “FINANCE” Submitted to: Prof. G.V.M SHARMA MBA DEPARTMENT INTRODUCTION ITC was incorporated on August 24, 1910 under the name Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited. As the Company's ownership progressively Indianised, the name of the Company was changed from Imperial Tobacco Company of India Limited to India Tobacco Company Limited in 1970 and then to I.T.C. Limited in 1974. In recognition of the Company's multi-business portfolio encompassing a wide range of businesses - Fast Moving Consumer Goods comprising Foods, Personal Care, Cigarettes and Cigars, Branded Apparel, Education and Stationery Products, Incense Sticks and Safety Matches, Hotels, Paperboards & Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business and Information Technology - the full stops in the Company's name were removed effective September 18, 2001. The Company now stands rechristened 'ITC Limited’, where ‘ITC’ is today no longer an acronym or an initialized form. THE JOURNEY OF ITC The first six decades of the Company's existence were primarily devoted to the growth and consolidation of the Cigarettes and Leaf Tobacco businesses 1925: Packaging and Printing: Backward Integration ITC's Packaging & Printing Business was set up in 1925 as a strategic backward integration for ITC's Cigarettes...
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...UNIT 13 MANAGING HOUSE KEEPING OPERATIONS Structure 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 Objectives Introduction Organisation of Housekeeping Department Layout of the Housekeeping Department Functions of the Housekeeping Department Management of Guest Amenities The Boulders – A Prime Hotel in USA: A Case Study Let Us Sum Up Clues to Answers 13.0 OBJECTIVES After going through this Unit you will be able to explain the: • • • organisation structure of the housekeeping department, various functions associated with this department, and control system that can be used in housekeeping operations. 13.1 INTRODUCTION As the name suggests, housekeeping operations are related to the upkeep of the hotel. Housekeeping is basically concerned with the smooth running of the place, as it has to maintain the hotel from the lobby to the room to the restaurants and the cleaning of the public areas. This Unit intends to introduce you with the housekeeping activities and will also apprise you with the managerial aspects of the Housekeeping Department. An attempt has also been made to establish its linkages and healthy relationship with other departments of the hotel. 13.2 ORGANISATION OF HOUSEKEEPING DEPARTMENT To run even a small hotel of 30 rooms you would require mas sive quantity of linen and a medium sized staff to keep it clean and hospitable for the guests. Within a hotel, the housekeeping department is normally the biggest department with a large number of staff members...
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...1220.0 ANZSCO - Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations First Edition, Revision 1 ANZSCO - Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations First Edition, Revision 1 Bria n Pink Aus t r a l i a n Sta t i s t i c i a n Aus t r a l i a n Bur e a u of Sta t i s t i c s Geof f Basc a n d Gove r n m e n t Stat i s t i c i a n Sta t i s t i c s New Zea l a n d AUST R A L I A N BURE A U OF STAT I S T I C S / STATI S T I C S NEW ZEALA N D EMBA R G O : 11.30 A M (CANB E R R A TIME) THU RS 25 JUN 2009 ABS Catalogue No. 1220.0 © Commonwealth of Australia 2009 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitte d under the Copyright Act 1968 , no part may be reproduce d by any proce ss without prior written permission from the Comm onwea lth. Requests and inquirie s conce rning reproduction and rights in this publica tion should be addresse d to The Manager, Interme dia ry Manage me nt, Austr a lia n Burea u of Statistic s, Locke d Bag 10, Belconne n ACT 2616, by telephone (02) 6252 6998, fax (02) 6252 7102, or email: . In all cases the ABS must be acknowle dge d as the source when reproducing or quoting any part of an ABS publica tion or other product. © Crown Copyright New Zeala nd 2009 Statistics New Zeala nd gives no warra nty that the inform ation or data supplie d conta ins no errors. Howeve r, all care and dilige nce has been used in processing, analysing and extra tcing the informa tion. Statistics...
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