I. Introduction
A. Background of the study Pepper spray is a lachrymatory agent used for self-defence, policing, and riot control where capsaicin is an active ingredient that is found at chilli peppers. It has been used as a means of self defence mostly against rabid dogs, and cases where a victim needs time to escape. Possession and usage of pepper spray in the Philippines for self-defence is legal, and it is freely available in stores. This study itself can statistically bring down cases of rape, rabies and murder related deaths without causing too much physical injury and without permanent damage.
B. Significance of the study This study’s significance is already proven in itself. This can be a quick method to evade many forms of danger. This can contribute to public awareness and give a lot of people to defend themselves against aggressors. This pepper spray is a less harmful version of the commercial pepper spray. It triggers pain receptors in the eyes of the aggressor.
C. Statement of the Problem This study aims to make improvised pepper spray out of the chilli peppers we mostly find.
Would this help many people evade many types of danger when possible?
Can this cause too much physical injury?
Is it just somehow easy to prepare and use?
How much time the victim is given to escape using this method of self-defence?
D. Scope and Limitation This is about making a self defence weapon without causing grievous injury or permanent damage to anything causing danger. However, if not careful, capsaicin will irritate and cause skin burns and eye damage! Pepper spray has been rarely a cause of death for people suffering diseases in the respiratory system.

II. Review of Related Literature and Conceptual Framework
A. Review of Literature
Basic information about pepper spray: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper_spray Ready to use pepper spray
Pepper spray derived from the chilli peppers, Capsicum frutescens
B. Conceptual Framework

Emergency scenario that involves an animal aggressor
Emergency scenario that involves a human aggressor

C. Definition of Terms
Capsaicin- Active and most important ingredient found in chilli pepper and used for pepper spray that causes a burning sensation in the eyes and skin.
Aggressor- attackers that provoke people into self defence but not limited to humans
Pepper spray- solution that contains capsaicin found in chilli pepper that is meant to be sprayed in the eyes of an aggressor
Capsicum frutescens- Scientific name for “siling labuyo”

III. Methodology
A. Experimental Design
The researcher(s) have tested their product on a stray dog. The potency of pepper spray will depend of the concentration of capsaicin which is influenced by the number of chilli peppers used and whether black pepper was added or not.
B. Materials and equipment
6-8 pieces of dried capsicum frutescens chilli
Water
Black pepper to add the sneeze and cough effect (optional)
Mortar and pest
Strainer
A bowl
A pressurized bottle or perfume bottle
PPE (personal protective equipment)
A saucepan
C. Procedure
1. Wear your PPE throughout the process of making the solution to avoid injury from hazards such as chemical burns.
2. Start with crushing the peppers with mortar and pestle until finely ground.
3. Put the ground peppers to a bowl and add water until the pieces float. Stir the mixture without spilling it.
4. Put the mixture onto a saucepan
5. Heat up the mixture until it is in “near boil”
6. Allow the mixture to cool down then put it in a spraying bottle

IV. Results and Findings | 6 pieces of chilli | 9 pieces of chilli | 12 pieces of chilli | Reaction | Struggling, showed signs of pain, yelped but not severe | Showed signs of moderately strong pain, showed sneezing effect, effect lasted very long | Showed signs of strong pain, yelped loudly, effect lasted very long | Test subject | Stray dog | Stray dog | Stray dog | With Black pepper? | no | yes | no | | | | | * Effects depend on the number of chilli used, sneezing effect is added when black pepper is added to the concoction * Effect also depends on the concentration of the solution which is influenced by the ratio of water and chilli peppers

V. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

A. Summary

To sum this all up, what the researchers were making is an improvised self-defence weapon which is their own version of pepper spray based on their own understanding about capsaicin.
B. Conclusion Therefore, we have found out that it is possible to make homemade pepper spray out of chilli peppers we commonly find provided they are dry.
C. Recommendations This is recommended to people, who live in a dangerous part of town, and to people who are physically weak and to those afraid of stray dogs.

Abstract The problem was finding a way to make a self defence weapon without causing too much physical injury to our attacker which then had pepper spray come up onto the minds of the researchers. It required understanding of substances like capsaicin. We made up the product just by getting the capsaicin off the chilli pepper (capsicum frutescens) in order to make the solution. We tested this on a stray dog, but had a remedy ready which was baby shampoo and/or milk. We also learned that this version of pepper spray does not cause much harm on the skin. The data shown in the results already proved that the pepper spray made by the researchers is effective and usable. This concludes the research.