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Tony Fernandes Strength

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2.0 FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERKEMBANGAN NASIONALISME 2.1 Faktor Luaran
Faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan nasionalisme di Tanah Melayu dapat dibahagikan kepada dua kategori utama iaitu faktor dalaman dan juga faktor luaran. Bagi faktor luaran, ianya merupakan peristiwa-peristiwa yang tercetus di luar Tanah Melayu tetapi memberi kesan yang sangat besar kepada perkembangan semangat nasionalisme orang Melayu di Tanah Melayu. Faktor-faktor luaran menjadi pemangkin untuk mempercepat kebangkitan semangat nasionalisme orang Melayu. Antara faktor luaran ialah Gerakan Pemulihan Islam di Mesir. Gerakan Pemulihan Islam bermula di Mesir sejak tahun 1850. Konsep pan-islamisme telah mula diutarakan oleh Syed Jamaluddin al-Afghani, seorang pemuda reformis islam timur tengah yang radikal dan revolusioner pada akhir abad ke 19. Gerakan ini dipimpin oleh Sayid Jamaluddin al-Afghani sendiri dan Syeikh Muhammad Abduh. Syeikh Muhammad Abduh dilahirkan di Mesir pada tahun 1829 dan mendapat ijazah dari Universiti al-Azhar. Beliau menjadi Mufti Besar dari tahun 1899 hingga beliau meninggal dunia pada tahun 1905. Syeikh Muhammad Abduh telah menyesuaikan prinsip-prinsip Islam menurut kehendak azan moden, tetapi tidak terkeluar dari prinsip dan semangat agama Islam yang sejati. Ajaran beliau adalah berdasarkan kepada ajaran Allah dan Rasul seperti yang tercatit di dalam al-Quran dan al-Hadis. Yang disesuaikan ialah perkara-perkara dan hal-hal takwim serta pentafsiran Islam mengenai sesuatu pendapat atau hukum di dalam al-Quran. Ajaran dan pandangan beliau di anggap baru, prgresif dan revolusioner dan amat sesuai dengan zamannya.Matlamat-matlamat Gerakan Pemulihan Islam ialah memperjuangkan konsep Pan-Islamisme, iaitu penyatuan umat Islam di seluruh dunia. Selain itu, gerakan ini turut bermatlamat untuk membebaskan agama Islam daripada kepercayaan kolot dan ortodoks yang tiada kaitannya dengan ajaran Islam yang sebenar.Antara lain ialah memulihkan agama Islam mengikut ajaran Islam yang terkandung dalam al-Quran dan Hadith. Turut bermatlamat untuk mencapai kemajuan dalam bidang ekonomi dan sosial mengikut al-Quran dan Hadith dan yang terakhir ialah membebaskan negara Islam dari pengaruh penjajahan Barat. Pada masa itu juga, ramai orang melayu yang telah pergi ke luar negeri, terutamanya ke timur tengah untuk mempelajari agama islam. Tidak kurang juga yang pergi menunaikan fardhu haji. Perkembangan reformisme di timur tengah. itu telah mempengaruhi kedua-dua kumpulan tersebut. Mereka mula menyebarkan gagasan baru kepada masyrakat melayu berlandaskan agama islam.Konsep Gerakan Pemulihan Islam ini telah memberi ilham kepada pelajar-pelajar Melayu yang menuntut di Universiti Al-Azhar, Mesir untuk berjuang di negara sendiri. Pelajar-pelajar yang berpendidikan Arab dari Mesir pulang ke Tanah Melayu dan menjadi pelopor Gerakan Islah-Islam. Mereka berusaha menyatupadukan masyarakat melayu berdasarkan identiti agama islam. Tokoh-tokoh terkenal ialah Syed Sheikh Ahmad al-Hadi, Syeikh Tahir Jalaluddin, Syeikh Mohammad Salim al-Kalali dan Haji Abbass bin Mohammad Taha. Mereka menyebarkan idea-idea Islam-Islamiah atau pemulihan agama Islam serta konsep Pan-Islamisme di kalangan kaum Melayu menerusi majalah al-Imam. Faktor kedua ialah Gerakan di Turki yang dapat dibahagikan kepada tiga gerakan iaitu Gerakan Pan-Islam, Gerakan Khilafat dan Gerakan Turki Muda. Bagi Gerakan Pan-Islam, ianya adalah satu gerakan untuk menyatukan umat Islam di dunia di bawah Empayar Turki atau Empayar Uthmaniyah. Gerakan Pan-Islam mahu menentang penjajahan Barat dan menghapuskan kepercayaan kuno yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam. Empayar Turki ditubuhkan oleh Usman pada tahun 1300. Ulama Syeikh Haji Wan Ahmad dari Pattani ingin menyatukan Kelantan dan Pattani. Beliau ingin menentang Siam dan menubuhkan Kerajaan Islam di bawah naungan Turki tetapi gagal. Pahang mendapatkan bantuan Turki (1890-an) untuk menghalau British tetapi gagal. Mehemet Kiamil Bey cuba mengembangkan pengaruh Pan-Islam di Johor tetapi gagal. Semasa Perang Dunia Pertama, Turki dan Jerman berpakat menentang kuasa Berikat. Umat Islam di Tanah Melayu sangat menghormati Empayar Turki dan segala perkembangan di Turki mempengaruhi mereka. Turki mengisytiharkan peperangan jihad terhadap kuasa Berikat (Amerika Syarikat, Britain dan Perancis). British cuba menyekat berita dari luar tetapi gagal. Masih ada berita yang sampai ke Tanah Melayu melalui suratkhabar dan surat peribadi pejuang-pejuang Pan-Islam. Pejuang Islam di Singapura, iaitu Kassim Ismail Mansur dan Nur Alam Syah mempengaruhi dasar India yang beragama Islam melancarkan dahagi. Askar-askar India diberikan keyakinan bahawa pakatan Jerman-Turki akan menang dalam Perang Dunia Pertama. Pada bulan Februari, askar India melancarkan dahagi di Singapura, tetapi dapat dihapuskan oleh askar British. Askar-askar India berjaya membunuh lebih 40 orang British dan hampir berjaya menakluki Singapura. Bagi gerakan Khilafat pula, pakatan di antara Jerman-Turki tewas dalam Perang Dunia Pertama. British cuba menguasai Turki. Orang Islam di India membentuk Gerakan Khilafat untuk mengekalkan kuasa Turki dan sistem Khilafat. Gerakan Khilafat yang ditubuhkan di Singapura dikawal rapi oleh British. Yang terakhir sekali ialah Gerakan Turki Muda yang dipimpin oleh Mustapha Kamal Attaturk yang bergerak untuk memodenkan Turki. Golongan Turki Muda menyebarkan semangat kebangsaan di Turki. Turki diisytiharkan sebagai Republik pada tahun 1923 dan sistem Khilafat dimansuhkan. Abdul Kadir Adabi mengecam gerakan Turki Muda kerana memasuhkan sistem Khilafat. Golongan Turki Muda dikatakan tidak mementingkan agama dan undang-undang Islam dalam perkembangannya. Abdul Kadir Adabi atau Abdul Kadir bin Ahmad adalah seorang penulis dari Kelantan. Akhbar Pengasoh, al-Ikhwan dan Saudara turut menyiarkan tentangan terhadap Turki Muda. Namun demikian, terdapat pandangan yang baik mengenai Turki Muda, iaitu mereka membangkitkan semangat kebangsaan di Turki, ekonomi Turki dikuasai semula oleh orang Turki dan bukan oleh orang Yahudi dan Kerajaan Turki memberikan peluang yang luas kepada rakyat untuk menguasai bidang ekonomi. Kegiatan Turki Muda memberikan perangsang kepada golongan Kaum Muda di Tanah Melayu untuk menentang penguasaan British. Kaum Muda di Tanah Melayu telah menubuhkan Kesatuan Melayu Muda (KMM) pada tahun 1938 untuk bergiat dalam politik.Faktor luaran yang ketiga ialah pengaruh dari Jepun.Sejak tahun 1868, Jepun muncul sebagai negara yang moden dan kuat. Pemimpin-pemimpin Meiji seperti Maharaja Mutsushito telah memodenkan negara Jepun. Jepun mengubahsuai teknologi Barat untuk kegunaannya. Jepun berjaya meniru teknologi Barat, sekaligus membuktikan rakyat Asia bijak. Perkara ini telah mewujudkan Ilham dan keazaman dalam jiwa rakyat Asia. Antara kemenangan Jepun terbesar ialah apabila dapat mengalahkan Eropah. Kesan daripada kemenangan ini, orang Asia dan Melayu mulai sedar akan kepentingan pelajaran, teknologi dan perpaduan. Faktor-faktor inilah yang menjadikanr akyat kuat menentang penjajah. Dalam masa yang sama, ianya juga memberi kesan kepada pemikiran tokoh-tokoh awal Tanah Melayu.
Dalam peperangan yang berlaku di antara Rusia dengan Jepun (1904-1905) menyaksikan Jepun telah memperolehi kemenangan. Kejayaan ini telah memberi ilham dan kesedaran kepada orang Asia termasuk orang melayu bahawa barat tidaklah sekuat seperti yang digeruni oleh mereka. Perang tersebut telah membuktikan bahawa, sesebuah negara tidak mengira saiznya, boleh menjadi kuat seperti Jepun melalui kemajuan teknologi dan pendidikan.Pada tahun 1907, seorang tokoh bernama Abdullah Abdul Rahman telah menghasilkan karya berjudul 'Mataharai Memancar' (The Rising Sun) yang menceritakan sejarah Jepun. Karya ini telah dialihbahasakan oleh beliau daripada karya Mustafa Kamal dari Turki yang asalnya daripada bahasa arab. Menurut Za'ba, karya ini telah berjaya merangsang pembaca serta menimbulkan perasaan bangga dan harapan untuk membawa pembaharuan di timur dan ini termasuklah kepada pembaca melayu. Masyarakat melayu mula percaya bahawa dengan adanya teknologi dan pendidikan, mereka juga boleh menghalau keluar orang British dari Tanah Melayu. Hakikat ini telah disedari oleh golongan terpelajar di Tanah Melayu. Di antara mereka ialah Syed Sheikh al-Hadi yang mula menggalakkan orang melayu memajukan diri mereka dalam aspek ekonomi dan sosial, melalui ajaran Islam. Perkembangan di Jepun mengalahkan kuasa Rusia telah membawa kesedaran dan keyakinan bahawa orang melayu juga boleh mempertahankan kepentingan mereka daripada terus di tindas oleh pihak British.
Selain itu, turut timbulnya Gerakan Kesedaran Kebangsaan China. Pada tahun 1911 berlaku Revolusi China yang dipimpin oleh Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Beliau telah berjaya menumbangkan kerajaan Manchu dan menubuhkan sebuah negara republik China. Keadaan ini membangkitkan kesedaran rakyat Tanah Melayu untuk menentang British.
Faktor luaran yang keempat pula merupakan pengaruh dari Indonesia. Gerakan kemerdekaan rakyat Indonesia menentang pemerintahan Belanda telah memberi semangat kepada golongan melayu yang inginkan pembebasan daripada penjajahan British. Beberapa parti politik telah ditubuhkan ditubuhkan di Indonesia. Antaranya ialah Sarekat Islam. Sarekat Dagang Islam diasaskan oleh Raden Mas Tirtoadisoeryo pada tahun 1909. Nama Sarekat Dagang Islam ditukar kepada Sarekat Islam pada tahun 1912. Sarekat Islam ialah parti politik yang pertama di Indonesia. Pemimpin Sarekat Islam yang terkenal ialah Omar Said Tjokroaminoto dan Agus Salim. Agama Islam menjadi faktor utama menyatukan orang Islam di Indonesia supaya menentang penjajah Belanda. Cawangan Sarekat Islam di Johor ditubuhkan oleh Haji Ibrahim bin Sidin dari Singapura. Cawangan Sarekat Islam di Johor tidak mendapat sambutan yang memuaskan. Penentangan terhadap British di Terengganu (1928) dimulakan oleh Syarikatul Islam yang diketuai oleh Sayid Muhammad dari Johor. Pertubuhan sulit ini berpengaruh kuat di Beserah hingga ke Kemaman. Sayid Muhammad dipercayai ingin meluaskan cawangan Sarekat Islam di Terengganu. Pengaruh Sarekat Islam tersebar ke Tanah Melayu pada 1920-an melalui ceramah dan kelas agama oleh guru-guru agama dari Sumatera. Akhbar Sinaran Zaman dan Idaran Zaman yang diterbitkan oleh Syed Syeikh al-Hadi menceritakan perjuangan Sarekat Islam. Syed Syeikh al-Hadi mengambil Mohammad Yunus bin Abdul Hamid menjadi pengarang di akhbarnya. Mohammad Yunus adalah ahli Sarekat Islam dan penerbit akhbar Sinaran Zaman di Sumatera. Parti politik yang kedua pula ialah Parti Komunis Indonesia (PKI). PKI diasaskan oleh Semaun, Tan Malaka dan Darsono pada tahun 1920. Kebanyakan orang Melayu tidak menyertai PKI kerana ajaran komunis yang bertentangan dengan agama Islam. Ahli-ahli PKI termasuk Tan Malaka cuba menyebarkan fahaman komunis di Singapura tetapi tidak berhasil. Tan Malaka berpendapat bahawa orang Melayu sukar dipengaruhi kerana mereka berfahaman konservatif. Sutan Jenin dari Sumatera dapat mengembangkan pengaruh Komunis di Tanah Melayu pada tahun 1930-an. Yang terakhir sekali ialah Parti Nasional Indonesia (PNI). PNI diasaskan oleh Sukarno dan Sartono pada tahun 1927. Pemuda-pemuda Indonesia memperjuangkan kebebasan mereka melalui tulisan, pergerakan sosial dan kebudayaan. Pelajar MPSI dipengaruhi oleh perjuangan PNI yang mengamalkan dasar tidak bekerjasama dengan penjajah. Dasar tidak bekerjasama ini telah diamalkan oleh pejuang nasionalis di India yang diketuai oleh Mahatma Gandhi. PNI mengamalkan ideology yang menganjurkan revolusi untuk menggulingkan kerajaan Belanda. Pengaruh dari luar yang tersebar melalui majalah dan akhbar dapat membangkitkan semangat kebangsaan di kalangan orang Melayu. Mereka berjuang untuk memajukan bidang sosial, ekonomi dan politik orang Melayu. Penduduk Tanah Melayu menguatkan semangat dan bersatu padu untuk melepaskan diri daripada kuasa penjajah.Faktor kelimaadalah Gerakan Kesedaran Kebangsaan Filipina. Jose Rizal memimpin perjuangan rakyat Filipina menentang penjajahan Sepanyol. Beliau telah menubuhkan Liga Filipina untuk memajukan orang Filipina dan menuntut Sepanyol memberi layanan adil kepada rakyat. Melaului gerakan ini juga telah member kesedaran kepada openduduk di Tanah Melayu untuk bangkit dari terus dikuasai oleh kuasa asing.Faktor terakhir adalah Gerakan Kesedaran Kebangsaan India. Gerakan ini dipimpin oleh Mahatma Gandhi. Tujuan gerakan ini adalah untuk membebaskan India daripada penjajahan British. Penduduk di Tanah Melayu juga turut mempunyai keinginan yang sama iaitu ingin membebaskan diri daripada penjajahan Brirish. Dengan itu, gerakan ini telah memberi semangat serta kesedaran kepada penduduk Tanah Melayu untuk terus bangun dari penindasan yang berleluasa di Negara sendiri.Kesimpulannya, peranan pengaruh luar merupakan faktor penting kebangkitan nasionalisme Melayu. Akibatnya, timbul persatuan Melayu pada tahap-tahap berlainan. Kemudiannya, Kongres Melayu Se Malaya diadakan pada 9 Ogos 1939 bertujuan memupuk perpaduan di kalangan orang Melayu. Antara lain ialah usaha persatuan-persatuan Melayu merintis jalan penubuhan UMNO pada tahun 1946

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...MAS - Airasia Deal Rumoured To Be Scrapped But Nothing Concrete So Far Speculation is rife that the Prime Minister is considering aborting the share swap deal between both companies IMAS & AirAsial as the alliance had failed to show any improvement. A local news portal reported last week that the Government was also considering taking MAS private and asked Khazanah Nasional Bhd. to buy back a20.5 %o stake that has been exchanged with Tune Air Sdn. Bhd for a700/o stake in budget carrier AirAsia. The report also said that MAS Employees Union (Maseu) had met and urged the Prime Minister to abort the deal. MAS employees' complaints include the management style of deputy chief executive officer Mohammed Rashdan Yusof. Another complaint is the talk of being redeployed outside MAS to short-haul premium airline headed by Rasdhan as that would mean a loss of benefits. Both Khazanah and Ahmad Jauhari have yet to respond to earlier StarBiz queries. While the cries of the union workforce of MAS over the need to protect their jobs are felt by the Prime Minister, we have reiterated that the key low-hanging fruit for MAS to pick lies in trimming its excessive workforce [MAS has some 20, 000 employees versus AirAsia's 9,000 and Singapore Airlines' 21, 000), " 0SK research said. Furthermore the research house said with routes between AirAsia and MAS already rationalised as well as key employees from AirAsia being deployed to MAS, it believes the unravelling of the share swap...

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Air Asia: the Sky's Is the Limit

...smaller and smaller – often negative – profit margins in order to maintain business through what they hope will be only a temporary shift in demand. But some entrepreneurs simply refuse to give in to the bad trading environment. Bucking the downward trend is the Kuala Lumpur-based airline Air Asia. Tony Fernandes, CEO, says the budget provider is actually expanding at this time. It is buying more aircraft, offering more services, to more destinations; and still finding the budgetary scope for regular sales and promotions. How does he do it? The enthusiastic manager says it is a combination of great people, managed by flexible HR strategies, and the inspiration of the Air Asia credo: “Believe the unbelievable; dream the impossible; never take no for an answer.”   From troubled beginnings AirAsia started life in 1993 – but few would have heard of it outside of its native Malaysia. It was founded by a Government-owned conglomerate as an alternative to the then-monopoly service Malaysia Airlines. DRB-Hicom spent plenty of money on the venture, but failed to win much market share. By 2001, the heavily indebted business was all but bankrupt. Fernandes bought the airline – including all its debt – for the princely sum of one ringgit (6700 Dong). The former Time-Warner executive then presided over one of the fastest and most effective business turnarounds in corporate memory. He...

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...Environment and Accessible Transport Group' protested against the airline for its refusal to fly passengers who were completely immobile.[12] The protesters, headed by the group's co-ordinator Christine Lee, asserted that the disabled were discriminated against when booking AirAsia tickets online, where an icon would appear on the website asking if the ticket purchaser would require “special assistance”. According to Lee, the passenger clicked 'yes', then they would not be able to proceed with the booking. Lee also said that AirAsia charged RM12 for renting out a wheelchair, which a passenger could use to go from the ticketing counter to the departure hall. When interviewed by Malaysia's Daily Express, AirAsia Chief Executive Officer Datuk Tony Fernandes denied that the low cost airline turned away wheelchair using passengers. He said, the airline's ground staff take the disabled to the aircraft and physically carry them onboard, "We do not even charge for this service and there is certainly no discrimination against them," he claimed.[13] AirAsia's 'Service Fees' post a charge of RM12 Malaysian Ringgit [14] for wheelchair service fees. Several consumerist groups have rallied behind the disabled and wheelchair-using travellers, lobbying to bring about changes in Malaysia's anti-discrimination legislation; among them the 'Fly Air Asia? Not Me' website [15] utilizes viral advertising to pressure legislators. In 2007 the activist group used AirAsia's sponsorship of the Williams Formula...

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Tony Fernandes

...Tony Fernandes founded Tune Air Sdn Bhd in 2001, with a vision to make air travel more affordable to Malaysians. With that in mind, Tony and his three partners bought over AirAsia from its owner DRB-Hicom. Tune Air's initial project was to remodel AirAsia into a low fare no frills carrier after successful low fare airlines such as U.S.-based Southwest Airlines and Dublin-based Ryanair and create a new aviation product in Malaysia . AUTOCRATIC only one person has the authority over the followers or workers. Their decision has to be taken as the golden rule and should never be questioned. They plan out everything and order their subordinates to work according to their rules. For instance, if a company has an autocratic leader as the Managing Director, the employees in the company would have to work as per the rules set down by him. They would not be expected to make any contribution from their side, which may actually help in enhancing the productivity of the company. In short, the autocratic leader has full control of those around him and believes to have the complete authority to treat them as he wants. AirAsia’s Dato’ Tony Fernandes Promises To Resolve Problems Faced By Disabled Persons July 20th, 2007 - Friday The Barrier-Free Environment and Accessible Transport Group (BEAT) met with AirAsia Group Chief Executive Office Dato’ Tony Fernandes this morning. 16 representatives from various NGOs attended the meeting that resulted from the protest at LCCT-KLIA. From the word...

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Airasia

...------------------------------------------------- AirAsia's forward-thinking marketing strategies key to success It sponsors reality game show The Amazing Race Asia and F1 team AT&T Williams, recruits pilots through a blogging contest and stays in touch with customers via Facebook, Twitter and blog accounts. AirAsia's quirky means of promotion has certainly helped make the airline a household name. Yet, barely eight years ago when it began operations, AirAsia had just two planes and a host of obstacles - Sars and the Sept 11 terrorist attacks included - preventing it from taking off. Today, the Malaysia-based budget airline boasts a fleet of 80 aircraft that ply over 122 routes, with 480 flights to more than 65 destinations daily. Group CEO Tony Fernandes has been instrumental in building the AirAsia brand. Known for its strong marketing and branding culture, AirAsia was recognised as one of Malaysia's 30 Most Valuable Brands in 2008, and also made it to US-based business magazine Fast Company's top 50 list of most innovative companies in the world last year. THE BOLD AND THE CREATIVE Explaining the reason behind AirAsia's strong marketing culture, Kathleen Tan, its regional head of commercial, said: "Marketing reflects brand attitude and personality. We're bold, inspired and we encourage out-of-the-box thinking. We do things differently and do not submit to mediocrity." She revealed that AirAsia's creative marketing input comes not only from its marketing team, but from staff, including...

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