...Review Question 1) When I encountered the word argument, I thought that, argument was the disagreement between two opposition where person is defending his or hers point of view. After reading the chapter. I think argument is selling an arguer point of view, or convincing the targeted audience about the topic or argument with the help of evidence. Argument is also finding the common ground to solve the issue. 2) Traditional argument: Argument, where arguer often argue with the available persuasion to convince or to agree his or her audience with them. Example: I) President Obama was talking about the gun control action, and tightening the gun laws. II) A sales person is convincing the customer that, the particular car has a high resale...
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...1). What background information do you need to know in order to read this image intelligibly? You do not need any background information to read this visual argument. This photo is self-explanatory. 2). What do you see? I see a man verbally abusing a lady. What are the key details or features here that stand out? The man’s face, fist punching the lady from his mouth, and the pain on the ladies face all stand out to support my theory. What images? The image is self-explanatory. What text? There was no text to support this visual argument. What supporting details? Every aspect of this photo supports my argument. 3). Identify the issue(s): Based on the picture it presents, what issue does this visual seem to be referencing? This visual seem to be referencing verbal abuse. This is a great picture to really explain how words can be painful. What debate is it part of? The visual debates the seriousness of verbal abuse and the effects. 4). Defining the Perspective: What side in this debate is this visual taking? The visual is taking the side of women, showing how men verbally abuse women. What perspective on this issue does this visual seem to take? This visual seem to support the seriousness of verbal abuse. It shows how people’s words can really be as painful as a punch in the face. 5). Defining the Argument: How do we know what side of this debate the visual is taking? This visual is taking the side of women. It is showing how men can verbally abuse a women with...
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...are the four goals of Rogerian argument, and how do they differ from those of traditional argument? The four goals of Rogerian is for writers to let readers know they understand, show the readers have a valid point to a certain extent, show that both parties have the same principles in significant ways, and to propose solutions from both parties that can be agreed on. The difference in Rogerian and traditional is that traditional stand on its belief and attempts to sway the audience whereas Rogerian stands at the view of the audience and try to reel in the audience. 2. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of Rogerian argument? The advantages of Rogerian that it is a good way to grasp the attention of the audience to semi show them the opposition but the disadvantage is that you will have to pretty much take the opposition side to even get a grip of your own beliefs. 3. In what type of argumentation situation do you think you might find Rogerian argument more productive than traditional argument? Describe an issue, along with the rhetorical situation, which might prompt you to resort to Rogerian argument. Even though the topic may be very controversial Rogerian would be better in the argument of same sex marriage whereas using rhetorical situation could make it an audience feel very uncomfortable. 4. In what type of argumentation situation do you think you might find traditional argument more productive than Rogerian argument? Describe an issue, along with...
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...audience, purpose, and context can affect an argument. Notice it or not arguments take place in our everyday lives, as ridiculous as it may sound it is absolutely true. Some people believe that arguments can better be solved through verbal altercations and fist fights, however a successful argument is one that is calm collective and appropriate. An argument is affected by the audience, purpose, and context. There are two different types of arguments traditional argument and consensual argument. A traditional argument is having proof of what you are arguing so that you can target your audience members to agree with the side of the argument that you are on. Some examples of a traditional argument are public debate, courtroom argument, single-perspective argument and one-on-one everyday argument. A consensual argument is when the possibility of an argument is brought about by arguers who acknowledge different points of view and work to identify a combination of views that are acceptable to the majority of the audience members. Some examples of a consensual argument are dialectic, academic inquiry, negotiation and mediation, and internal argument. In order for an argument to be successful it needs to have an issue which is the problem or situation of which the argument is about. A successful argument must also have an arguer it can be one or more people who have different perspectives of whatever the subject may be. A successful argument must also include an audience, an audience...
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...and we eat too many grains, secondly, industrially produced meats effect on our morbidity and mortality and industrial agriculture damages the environment too. The author also argues that eliminating industrial production of animal products would help us stop consuming so much meat. He believes that traditional production would be better because of its lack of efficiency compared to industrial production and would help reduce consumption. He also believes that it’s not just about eating red meat, but about the general over consumption of junk food that causes health risks. He believes that studies on red meat exaggerate and are largely inaccurate. The author provides scientific studies that he analyzed to formulate his argument and then presents articles from other newspapers on the topic, and we think all the information is relevant to the subject and he uses it in a logical manner. The article defines the main ideas properly but it lacks background information on certain pertaining subjects. The information is well used and interpreted; however, we dismissed counter arguments in a very brisk, informal manner. He provides little, but good information against his article. His argument is well base on accurate, trust worthy sources and he presents his ideas in a logical manner....
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...on complaints of retaliation, the act set up the Merit System Protection Board. The Whistle-Blower Protection Act of 1989 reinforces this protection with the formation of the Office of Special Counsel for going through whistle-blower reports. In both private and public sectors, federal legislation protects whistle-blowers, and some states even give rewards for whistle-blowing. Regarding whistle-blower protection, there are arguments in favor of it as well as arguments against it. The main argument in its favor is that the society can benefit from the revealing of illegal activities, waste, and mismanagement; this can only occur if whistle-blowers can come forward without having to worry about any retaliatory actions. Another argument is that those who work for the government have a First Amendment right to freedom of speech and so should be protected from retaliation. Also, those who work in the private sector have a moral right that requires legal protection. The final argument is that employees have a right to act as their conscience dictates. An argument against whistle-blower protection is that the law that recognizes whistle-blowing can be abused. Unhappy employees may use whistle-blowing to a variety of things for their own gain. It also overrides the...
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...Steps for Reading Visual Argument 1. Some history about computers 2. A beat up car and a nice new car, a tired mechanic and a happy mechanic, and computer company logos 3. Who’s computer is better 4. That Apple makes a better computer than Microsoft 5. The Apple side is new, faster looking and the mechanic looks happy 6. It wants people to buy Apple computer Review Questions 1. What did you think of when you encountered the word argument as you began to read this chapter? What do you think now? I thought an argument was when more than one person had opposing views on the same issue. After reading this chapter I feel that the word argument is much broader than just a disagreement between two people. 2. Provide three examples of your own to illustrate the statement “Argument is everywhere.” One of your examples should be a visual argument. * Who makes the better video game console Microsoft, Sony, or a PC gaming rig. * T.V. commercials * nicoleashleyrd. (Artist). (2013, Feb 4). Visual Arguments [Web Drawing]. Retrieved from http://thefamilyofblood.wordpress.com/2013/02/04/visual-arguments/ 3. Describe traditional and consensual argument. Give two examples of each. A traditional argument is when you try to change the audience point of view and a consensual argument seems to be one where the two parties must come to an agreement. Traditional * A movie trailer * Consensual * A couple trying to decide what...
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...saying this book or novel is about love or showing someone it is about love. What debate is it part of? The part to debate is this novel or book. Is this book telling you facts on how to love or is it telling you how to love and will it work. Step 4: Defining the Perspective: What side in this debate is this visual taking? Is the book really about love or is it a love novel. What perspective on this issue does this visual seem to take? It is making Step 5: Defining the Argument: How do we know what side of this debate the visual is taking? What specific claims about this issue does the visual seem to be making? That this book will make you feel happy about been in love Step 6: Thinking in Terms of Audience: What sort of response does this visual seem to want from its viewers? They are tring to grab your attention with the lights and making a heart out of the pages What messages or lessons does it want to convey? Is it successful? 1. What did you think of when you encountered the word argument as you began to read this...
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...1) When I first started read the chapter and encountered argument I really didn’t know what to think except that most people argue about one thing or another (happens a lot with my brother and myself), but that I’ve read the chapter I have I a new respect for what it takes to put together an argument to make people understand your side of an issue. 2) Argument is everywhere. This statement true do to the fact with all the things happen now a days people are arguing about just about everything from the government passing a law that allows them to spy on people, or that people believe that all states should follow Washington and Colorado in legalizing marijuana. 3) A traditional argument is based off the ideal of winning the argument, for example when there is a presidental debate in which both side try to prove the other one wrong. An example of consensual argument is when a group looks at all side of an arugment and trys to come up with a consenus on whos ideal help/benefits most or all people involved. 4) The conditions in which an argument works best is when there are the following, 1. An issue (a central focus point), 2. An arguer (someone who knows about the issue and is motivated to initiate an argument), 3. An audience ( people that are willing to listen to the argument weather they be friendly or hostile), 4. Common ground ( an effective argument nust have some kind of common ground between the audience and arguer that is relevant to the issue), 5. A forum (...
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...Writing Essoy for Tests English Gobi Duigu @ Gabi Duigu 2002 All rightsreserved Revised and reprinted2003 Published AcademicEnglishPress by 9/13 ArmstrongStreet NS\f 2062 Cammeray Australia P h : 0 2 9 4 3 76 3 3 0 edu.au email: g.duigu@unsw. Distributed by: Melting Pot Press 10 Grafton Street NS\W2008 Chippendale Australia Ph: (61) 29212 1882 Fax:02 9211 1868 corn.au email:books@elt. ISBN:0-9578996-1-0 lntroduction StogeI TheQuestion . . . .3 the L Understonding Question ......3 1.1 The Instructions 1.2 Kev Terms 2. AnolysingtheQuestion... ......7 2 . 1F i n d i n g t h e F o c u s the 2.2 Understanding Context 2.3DefiningtheTerms . ..... '7 ' . . .8 .....10 ldeos ond Presenting Stoge2 Selecting 3, Findingldeos 3 . 1B r a i n s t o r m i n g 3.2 FindingMore Ideas 3.3UsingExamples 3.4The "'s7hatifNot"Situation 3.5 Looking at the Other Side . ldeos 4, Selecting 4 . 1S o l u t i o n s t o P r o b l e m s . .2Evaluation . . 4.3 Classificationof Ideas ....r3 ...14 . . . .15 ' '.... '17 '. '.. 'I7 . . .18 ......1e ......19 . . ' .20 . . . . . ' '21 4 . 4 T y p e so f C l a s s i f i c a t i o n 4.5 SelectingRelevantldeas 4.6Levelof Generalisation 4.7 OvergeneralisationsandExaggeration 5, Orgonisingldeos... 5.1 RankingIdeas 5.2Consequences 5.3Comparisons 5.4$ternatives.. 5.5Speculation.. ".... "23 .....25 ... "..26 .....28 ......3r . . .31 ...3I ...
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...STRUCTURE The learning goal of this chapter is to teach students how to shape their messages and arguments into appropriate structures. Since the chapter is long and contains, in effect, three mini-cases -- on Great Lakes, RAs, and Narrative -- you may choose to teach the chapter in one class and the case in the next. One way to structure a class on this chapter is to emphasize the commonalities among logical, psychological, and narrative structures. Beginning, Middle, and End Both an argument (given, since, therefore) and a communication structure (introduction, body, conclusion) share the same features, that is, they have a beginning, a middle, and an end. We discuss these features in further detail in the Guides to Effective Writing and Speaking in Part Three. Here, we simply encourage the instructor to pull together some organizational principles. Some suggestions for focusing student discussion: When defining your content, marshalling your arguments, and developing your structure, try to meet the following criteria: Beginnings should: 1. Gain the audience's attention and focus it on your topic. 2. Explain why the topic is important, timely, or otherwise of interest. 3. Indicate the point of view you will take or suggest your conclusion. 4. Establish a relationship of mutual respect with your audience. Middles should: 1. Develop your main argument by identifying and addressing its component parts. 2. Address subtopics according to their...
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...MEMO The memo will both summarize and analyze the information obtained in my interview with NAME, Senior Lecturer and Assistant to the Chair of the Department of Mathematical Sciences at IUPUI, regarding professional writing skills used in her particular workplace. I will also outline the personal goals I have set for my own writing. Interview Summary According to NAME, the two most important characteristics of effectively written documents are clarity and concision. Always a mathematician, she believes sound, logical arguments are the keys to achieving this in her writing. This practice helps her eliminate wordiness and omit superfluous information as well as achieve brevity in her overall document. Keeping her documents brief and to the point, she says, is a sign of respect toward her readers and their valuable time. Sound arguments also help ensure that readers will be able to follow her thought process and arrive at the conclusion she desires. NAME writes for many different audiences, often with varying levels of knowledge. These may include the department chair, faculty and occasionally staff from other units. It is important, she says, to keep the needs of the readers in mind. Even readers with the highest level of knowledge about a subject need to be kept informed about changes and advancements. She also advises that writers remember that documents are often passed along to other readers (perhaps outside the intended audience). She feels it is important...
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...Writing Essoy for Tests English Gobi Duigu книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english @ Gabi Duigu 2002 All rightsreserved Revised and reprinted2003 Published AcademicEnglishPress by 9/13 ArmstrongStreet NS\f 2062 Cammeray Australia P h : 0 2 9 4 3 76 3 3 0 edu.au email: g.duigu@unsw. Distributed by: Melting Pot Press 10 Grafton Street NS\W2008 Chippendale Australia Ph: (61) 29212 1882 Fax:02 9211 1868 corn.au email:books@elt. ISBN:0-9578996-1-0 книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english lntroduction StogeI TheQuestion . . . .3 the L Understonding Question ......3 1.1 The Instructions 1.2 Kev Terms 2. AnolysingtheQuestion... ......7 2 . 1F i n d i n g t h e F o c u s the 2.2 Understanding Context 2.3DefiningtheTerms . ..... '7 ' . . .8 .....10 ldeos ond Presenting Stoge2 Selecting 3, Findingldeos 3 . 1B r a i n s t o r m i n g 3.2 FindingMore Ideas 3.3UsingExamples 3.4The "'s7hatifNot"Situation 3.5 Looking at the Other Side . ldeos 4, Selecting 4 . 1S o l u t i o n s t o P r o b l e m s . .2Evaluation . . 4.3 Classificationof Ideas книг выложен группой vk.com/create_your_english ....r3 ...14 . . . .15 ' '.... '17 '. '.. 'I7 . . .18 ......1e ......19 . . ' .20 . . . . . ' '21 4 . 4 T y p e so f C l a s s i f i c a t i o n 4.5 SelectingRelevantldeas 4.6Levelof Generalisation 4.7 OvergeneralisationsandExaggeration 5, Orgonisingldeos... 5.1 RankingIdeas 5.2Consequences 5.3Comparisons 5.4$ternatives.. 5.5Speculation.. ".... "23 .....25 ... "..26...
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...argumentative often argues or like arguing. Argument: n. a set of reasons that show that something is true or untrue, right or wrong etc. When you have an opinion and try to convince your listener or reader to accept your opinion, you are agreeing with or disagreeing with something. For example: In an everyday situation, you may try to convince a friend to go somewhere or in a composition or speech class, the instructor may make an assignment in which you must support or oppose the use of nuclear energy to produce electricity. If you agree or disagree on an issue, you will want your reader or listener to accept your point of view. There are a few types of argumentative compositions such as: 1. Advantages and disadvantages 2. Expressing opinions/providing solutions to problems 3. Expressing arguments for and against a topic 4. Compare and contrast something or somebody PURPOSE of ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS * An argument follows when two groups disagree about something. * People can have different opinions and can offer reasons in support of their arguments. However, sometimes it might be difficult to convince the other group because the argument could be based on a matter of preference, or religious faith. * Therefore, arguments of preference, belief or faith are NOT the type of arguments. The kind of argument that can be argued logically is one based...
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...interpretation of Comus centres upon what we make of the case between Comus and the Lady" (89-90). The subject of their debate is what Marjorie Nicolson calls "the Appeal to Nature for Standards" (78). Comus argues that nature's bounties urge us to revel in their pleasures, and that our refusal to do so displeases the creator who provided Nature for this very purpose, and additionally creates the risk that Nature's fertileness will cause it to outgrow and overrun the Earth, wreaking havoc and disorder. The Lady responds by telling Comus that Nature proffers her delights only to those "That live according to her sober laws" (766) and respect Nature by enjoying her fruits in moderation so that all may reap a portion of her bounty. The Lady's argument recalls Genesis...
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