...Traffic congestion: This essay deals with the sources, effects and steps taken by The Government, Public Amities and The Greens organization to cover the traffic congestion and keep it stable. Increasing bicycle, train and trams. Maintaining the less roadway usage by people and shortening to build new roads. Investment in public transports like trains and trams are the only ways to control road transports, also the facilities and features which attracts people for using public transport and their safety purposes. Australia is facing a vast problems due to traffic congestion, The sources for traffic congestion is there are more cars and vehicles increasing day to day, not only because of Australian citizens but also outsiders, travelers, overseas students and by many ways Melbourne is is facing traffic congestion. Although Melbourne is well planned and arranged city yet it faces traffic congestion because of population and all kind of works I T companies, businesses and industries are held in the city so there is a need for everyone to go city for their needs. Australian urban freeways are averaging around 1,600 to 1,700 vehicles per hour per single lane during the peak hours which goes about 2,100 vehicles per hour per lane are being used as overseas in urban freeways. According to a survey taken in last year by government says that 8,200 motorists in 20 cities and its still increasing day to day and over 70% of the job holders and self business people and 90% of workers...
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...Traffic congestion on the freeway can turn it into a carpark at peak times. The increased number of traffic within Mitchell and Kwinana Freeways during specific times can adversely affect road safety, fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The term the third rush hour has been used to refer to a period of the midday in which roads in urban and suburban areas become congested due to a large number of people taking lunch breaks using their vehicles. These motorists often frequent restaurants and fast food locations, where vehicles crowding the entrances cause traffic congestion. Active senior citizens, who travel by automobile to engage in many midday activities, also contribute to the midday rush hour. At other times (such as evenings and weekends), additional periods of congestion can be the result of various special events, such as sports games, festivals, or religious services. Out-of-the-ordinary congestion can be the result of an accident, construction, long holiday weekends, or inclement weather. To ease traffic congestion Causes Population growth Working hours Jobs involve movement Solutions Building more train stations, purchasing more trains and buses, trains don’t have traffic jams Widening Mitchell freeway – was 2, now 3 lanes Mitchell freeway Extending- 6km 2014-15 The Traffic through The North -South Freeway at 10 a.m. was quite low seeing as this is the time most people are at work. At 12 a.m. however, the amount of vehicles passing the...
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...Causes of Traffic Congestion: Time wastage lead to inefficiency of public transport and negative impacts on economy In a congested traffic condition, the first thought of people is that time is wasted when they are caught in a traffic jam. According to Rozmi Ismail, et. al (2012), traffic congestion causes unpredictable time which causes the bus service system in Malaysia to be inefficient. Other than that, Morgan (2014) also claimed that, drivers will also face the same problem as they could not predict an actual time to certain destination causing their working performance to decline. As a result, economic growth is affected as time is wasted in a traffic jam which causes every individual to be late for their work and appointments, leading to loss in productivity for businesses (Hartman 2014). In Malaysia, heavily congested highways in Klang Valley causes lost in manpower hours that will lead to a loss more than RM12million per year (Gomez 2014). Fuel consumption and pollution In a congested traffic condition, fuel consumption is much more higher than a smooth rate traffic as the fuel consumption rate is strongly associated to the driving pattern such as stop and go, acceleration on-deceleration and so on (Robinson 1984). The consumption rate of a motor vehicle increase in traffic congestion will increase the fuel consumption costs of commuters thus daily expenditure of commuters will be burdened (Morgan 2014). Other than that, emission of greenhouse gases which leads to...
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...Traffic is everywhere around us. It is all around our country and state, and the world is multiplying at a rapid rate. Therefore, increasing the amount of people, and the quantity of drivers on the roads. Our city of Corpus Christi is expanding even more as well. As a result, this can be considered one of the strengths because more people means more profit for businesses and the city. According to the United Census Bureau, the last population count was taken in 2014. The results came out to 320,434. That is 15,219 additional people added to our community in 4 years since the last count in 2010. However, even though more people can be a good thing, it causes more issues. Some weaknesses of traffic is extra people means additional people driving...
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...TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS 1 Combating Congestion Utilizing Adaptive Traffic Signal Systems Gregory Blazina University of St Francis MBAD 656 – Transportation Management & Economics Donald Maier PH.D. August 10, 2007 TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS 2 Abstract Traffic congestion is an inescapable problem in large and growing metropolitan areas across the country. With 88% of America’s daily commuters using private vehicles, eliminating traffic congestion is practically impossible. The challenge then becomes finding the best methods to manage congestion as to minimize its impact on commuters, the environment, and the economy. The field of transportation engineering continues to grow and expand with an increasing use of advanced technologies to reduce congestion within our nation’s roadways. One set of technologies, which has evolved over the past 30 years and shows excellent potential for improving traffic conditions in urban areas is advanced traffic signal systems. These systems are the focus of this paper. TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEMS 3 Congestion has traditionally been labeled as a problem to be solved. Between 1980 and 1999, vehicle miles of travel on U.S. roadways grew by 76 percent, while lane miles increased by only 3 percent. Average daily vehicle volumes in urban areas rose by 43...
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...vehicles of all kinds. Unfortunately, traffic jams inevitably ensue, which will incur other problems. This essay, therefore, will firstly illustrate some of those problems, namely, delay in travel time, economic losses and medical risks. The second part will offer several feasible solutions to the traffic congestion issue, which are carpooling, establishing an intelligent traffic control system and raise taxes. In the first place, it can be argued that a series of problems can be incurred by high traffic congestion levels. To begin with, traffic jams, arguably, will give rise to increased travel time. Taking China for example, Yang et al. (2011) indicated that traffic congestion, in China, was a serious “urban illness” problem, which had resulted in delays in travel time. Accordingly, the economic efficiency of the whole city is understood to be affected to some extent. Secondly, traffic congestion is responsible for bringing about a large number of economic losses for individuals as well as the waste of oil resources. Generally speaking, the continuous stop and start driving in traffic jams will burn more fuel than smooth driving on an open highway. As a result, extra money will be spent on fuels. Just as Du and Zheng (2012) pointed out that traffic jams could result in tremendous economic losses and waste of fuel resources. In addition, another issue is that high traffic congestion levels may cause significant medical risks. Encountering traffic jams will probably be a severe...
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...Speaking Notes Title: Telecommuting – Working from Home Name: Leigh Ann Anderson Purpose: To persuade the audience how telecommuting is beneficial to them and try to convince them to consider it for their jobs. I. Introduction a. Imagine an alarm going off, waking you from a deep sleep. It’s 8 am on a Monday morning and, after much reluctance, you stumble out of bed, take a shower, brush your teeth, and trudge to your kitchen for your morning cup of coffee. Realizing it’s time to head off to work, you start your car and start making your way onto the interstate, only to be slowed down by a mile long stretch of heavy traffic. Looks like you might just be late for work and have to hear a long rant about it from your boss. Or maybe your car didn’t start at all this morning. The battery didn’t give you any notice that it was going to die on you. Perhaps you have a sick child and just find it impossible to make it into work or you’re feeling a bit under the weather yourself. b. These are just a few of the many circumstances that make telecommuting, or working from home, an attractive option. c. There will be those days where it may seem unlikely or even impossible that you will be able to make it to your job, but you still need to get work done in order to stay on track or even meet a deadline. d. In the hopes of persuading you to consider telecommuting, I will explain how beneficial it can be for you and provide you with tips with how to go...
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...city facilities in spite of their living in the ambit of the city. They throng to the city just to earn their living. Driven by extreme poverty, insecurity, river erosion, serious unemployment problem have sent them to this city. Quickly this situation cannot be changed. Environmentalists have expressed concern that the encroachment on the river Buriganga, the life line of Dhaka city, traffic congestion, pollution and diseases are turning this once majestic city into a choking hell. About fifty percent of the river's pollution load comes from the industrial source while sewerage and domestic wastes contribute to the remaining fifty percent. Between 1980-2009 the population of Dhaka has swelled from three million to more than ten million and its importance has increased manifold but the basic amenities have not kept up with the changes.. Water from the river Buriganga and Shitalakhya that would have supplemented the need of drinking water and other purposes such as cooking and washing has been fouled as much by raw sewerage as by a number of industrial and chemical units and even pesticides. Traffic jam stands as the number one problem of Dhaka city. 93%city dwellers are directly related to it. It was followed by pollution 62 percent, higher fares 46 percent, and frequent accidents 26 percent, hijacking 26 percent The city's vehicle population has almost increased ten times since 1992 as a result of our failure to introduce mass transport. Eighty percent of the vehicles are three...
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...Topic: “The effects of road traffic congestion on residential decision- making of inhabitants of the city of Accra- A case study of communities along three congested routes” Transportation is essentially a response to the mobility needs of people, and this must be done in a timely fashion in order for people to realize its full benefits. Consequently, transportation plays a crucial role in the socio-economic and politico-cultural development of people and their communities. However, there are some related problems (such as congestion, mobility gaps, urban sprawl, and emissions amongst others) that come with it. In Ghana, transportation is almost synonymous with road transport as it is the major means by which peoples’ mobility needs are answered on daily basis. Road traffic congestion in the city of Accra has almost become an’ acceptable norm’ since residents have to live with this phenomenon every passing day of their lives. The factors responsible for this trend are as follows: growth in the population of Accra over the last 15 years (and this has been estimated to double in the next 20 years) associated with a continuing trend of reduction in population density; expansion in built-up area; growth in per capital income (which has also been estimated to have increased five folds over the last 15 years) with a concomitant increase in car ownership. Currently over 70% of major roads in Accra and Kumasi-the two biggest cities in the country- are said to be congested and should the...
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...a popular option for many people especially women. With the advance in computer technology, it is possible to do work at home and still keep contact with the business world. Most people find this way of working more comfortable. Despite this some argue that a homely working cannot fully replace priorities of working in an office. So now, I would like to talk about the both sides of working from home. One of the obvious advantage is that one is released from the hassles of traveling to work. You do not have to struggle with traffic jams in morning and evening going to and from work. You can clock in at 9 a.m. and clock out at 5 p.m. just like your ex-colleagues but within the comforts of your home. Most people claim that they waste much time on commuting to work. For instance, in a big cities people every day at least twice face with this problem and often get stuck in traffic almost one-two or even more hours. It has emerged that in a city with a traffic density working from home is preferable. Secondly, while working at home, we can take care of the family’s needs. You are your own master and so you are allowed to plan a schedule with a structure breaks. Get into a routine and you can give yourself a pat on the back of efficiency. Some mothers prefer to work from home because they can look after their children at the same time. Therefore, you can spend more time with your family together in order to strengthen the familial bonds. On the other hand, when you working at home...
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...Workforce Transportation Habits Our workforce of 43,500 employees has a large impact on the traffic in our community. It was requested by city officials to explore ways to lessen this impact. I have analyzed the data collected from the workforce concerning their transportation habits. With this data I have proposed two possible solutions that will benefit the workforce and satisfy the issue with local traffic. Workforce Collected Data Figure 1 illustrates the employees’ carpooling habits for work. As you can see from Figure 1, a great majority of the work force never carpools to work. This is an area that certainly has room for improvement. Figure 2 illustrates the workforce’s use of public transportation to work. From Figure 2, we can see that a little more than half of the workforce already takes advantage of public transportation. Figure 3 illustrates the effect of public improvements to public transportation. Figure 3 only included answers from respondents that answered either never or randomly to using public transportation Figure 4 illustrates whether telecommuting is an option in their nature of work Figure 4 tells us what amount of the workforce telecommuting is a realistic option. Proposed Solutions Based on my analysis of the data, I have two recommended solutions that can be imposed. Solution 1: Subsidized Fare for Public Transportation 54% percent of the workforce already carpools, which proves it to be effective....
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...Nurmalita Ervianda 1406539601 1st Draft MOTORCYCLE TAXI SHOULD BE LEGAL AS A PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN INDONESIA. Motorcycle taxi brings a lot of benefits that had never been provided by any other means of transportation. It offers innovative services that has never been thought of before by any other means of transportation, and could not be possibly be offered. Jakarta is notorious for it’s traffic jams. Motorcycles are one of the most efficient and convenient alternatives to get around the city compared to taxis. A motorcycle taxi service company, GOJEK, offers its customers a whole range of services starting from food delivery and courier services. These offers are not only pratical, but it basically revolutionized the way Jakartans perceive “Ojek”. Now it’s not only fast and cheap, it’s organized, reliable, safer than the most public transportation, such as Metromini, KPK, and taxi. Using those kind of public transportations only add to the traffic jam and you’re almost guaranteed to spend hours on the busy street in peak hours. Some people might say that motorcycles are not safe, considering the vehicles lacks protective structure and drivers who are sometimes crazy or notoriously reckless. This idea can be refuted by the reality that accidents and crime – related incidents are minimized in the pas few years by motorcycle taxi companies. How about people who also say that Transjakarta or Busway is more effective than motorcycle taxi as it holds lot of people in...
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...Telecommuting: will it change the world? Telecommuting will have major effects in the worlds of work and family life. However, its biggest effect will be in the area of individual freedom, responsibility, and time management. Work and workplaces will alter dramatically. Offices may become smaller, as fewer desks are needed. There will be greater need for high-bandwidth connections to link the office and the home, and even homes to other homes, as other employees and supervisors also begin working at home. Hours spent commuting, traffic jams, and fights for parking should diminish, as workers make fewer journeys or work staggered hours. Family life will also change. Workers, both husbands and wives, can arrange their work around family commitments such as taking children to school, cooking, leisure activities, etc. However, households will also have to set aside areas for work - particularly if both spouses are telecommuting. However, although the ideas of more time at home and less time traveling are attractive, there are some drawbacks to telecommuting. People may feel unable to escape their work, and may even work longer or more unsocial hours. The quality of work may suffer because of the reduced face-to-face interaction with other employees. There may be delays if other workers are not immediately available. Telecommuters may feel isolated or unmotivated, or insecure about decisions. A major change will be in the way people think about work as a place or an institution...
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...TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: A SOLUTION TO TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN THE ERA OF CLIMATE CHANGE CONCIOUSNESS V.RENU S.SARANYA,JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the application of computer and communications technologies to transport problems. Intelligent Transportation Systems is the integration of existing information and communication technologies to make transport system more sustainable, which means efficient, clean, safe and seamless. ITS can be applied in every transport mode (road, rail, air, water) and services can be used by both passenger and freight transport. The rapid advances in ITS technologies have enabled the collection of data or intelligence which provides relevant and timely information to transport managers and users. In a rapidly changing society the emphasis on road technology improvements to assist in road management has been identified as immediate need of the day. Intelligent Transport systems include wider application of technology to transit systems as well as private car and highways. Therefore, the benefits given by ITS to any transportation system by introducing it are, improved safety, improved traffic efficiency, reduced congestion, improved environmental quality & energy efficiency and improved economic productivity. With the alarming increase in the population, only building new infrastructure cannot solve all transport problems of congestion and emissions. Instead it will go other way...
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...Traffic Jam I live in Dhaka, only 20 minutes away from my university; but I get out from my house about 1 hour and 15 minutes before class will start. Because of terrible traffic jam, most of the time it takes about an hour to reach university. I remember a week, right after Eid-ul-Fitr Dhaka city was like half empty, at that week I went to university in 20 minutes. Dhaka is a mega city. More than twelve million people live here. Day by day the number is increasing and most part of Dhaka is badly affected by the population growth. More than 7 hundred thousand rickshaws ply the city road, but only 75 thousand have legal number. This huge number of rickshaws is creating traffic jam. From time to time attempts are made to reduce the number, but the initiative usually produces no results. The number of rickshaw pullers is huge. Almost there are no roads or street or lane free from traffic jam. Traffic jam is obstructing trade and commerce. Illegal parking is another reason for traffic jam. Cars, trucks and other vehicles are parked almost everywhere. Faulty traffic signaling systems, inadequate manpower and narrow road spaces and overtaking tendency of drivers create pro-longed traffic congestions and intensify sufferings of commuters keeping people motionless as well as creating suffocating condition in the streets. Also there are bus terminals not authorized by the traffic department and drivers do not go by traffic rules. VIP protocol maintaining is another reason for frequent...
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