...Name: Mathel Joy P. Berin Date: 06-25-14 Course: BS Accounting Technology Year & Section: 3B Instructor: Elizabeth Bauzon Assignment #1 CS 212: Fundamental of Information System and System Development 1. What is an information system? What are some ways information system are changing our lives? * A combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization. 2. How would you distinguish data and information? Information and Knowledge? To distinguish between data and information you need to know what each one means. Data is the raw material for processing and refers to unprocessed information. Information is processed data. Information is that which informs that from which data can be derived. Information is conveyed either as the content of a message or through direct or indirect observation of some thing. That which is perceived can be construed as a message in its own right, and in that sense, information is always conveyed as the content of a message. Information can be encoded into various forms for transmission and interpretation. Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning. Knowledge can refer to a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. 3. Enumerate...
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...交通常识 1 当你到达十字路口而看到黄色的闪灯时，你一定要： 1.停，如果你想转右 2.保持同样的速度行驶 3.停车，如果你想转左 4.慢驶，然后小心前进 ④ 2 当你在变线行车路上驾驶，听到紧急信号的车，法律上要求你怎样做？ 1.加速，尽快离开 2.打灯号，让驾驶者超越 3.尽快驶向路的最右方停下 4.保持同一速度行驶 ③ 3 当需要车头灯时，在什么情况下开低灯？ 1.与最接近你的车辆相距一公里（0.6哩）内 2.与最接近你的车辆相距150公尺（500呎）内 3.与最接近你的车辆相距300公尺（1000呎）内 4.这是为安全而设，并不是法律规定 ② 4 当你驶近“停牌”时，你应： 1.慢驶，鸣笛然后前进 2.慢驶，当安全才继续前进 3.停车，鸣笛然后前进 4.停车，当安全才前进 ④ 5 除非有标志指明，不然在城市、市镇、乡村或发展区内最高的驾驶速度应是： 1.每小时30公里（20哩） 2.每小时50公里（30哩） 3.每小时40公里（25哩） 4.每小时60公里（35哩） ② 6 当亮红灯时，你想驶过十字路口，你一定要： 1.停车，让行人有优先权，然后小心前进 2.停车，当交通安全才前进 3.慢驶，交通安全才前进 4.停车，直至灯号转绿色，同时安全才前进 ④ 7 当驶入高速公路时，你应该： 1.停在加速线，看准有安全的位置才尽快驶入高速公路 2.加速达到高速公路的速度，然后驶入公路交通中 3.慢车，然后用直角方向驶入高速公路 4.慢驶，随时准备停下来应付公路的交通 ② 8 在公路，驾驶者不准在其汽车所拖的露营车或拖船上载有： 1.枪械 2.容易燃烧原料 3.人（乘客） 4.家畜 ③ 9 在双程路上，你想转左之前，你应在什么位置？ 1.靠近路的右手边 2.靠近路的左手边 3.尽量在最接近中线的右边行车路上 4.没有关系，只要打灯号便可 ③ 10 在十字路口亮绿灯时，以下谁最有优先权？ 1.行人不守灯号过马路 2.行人遵守灯号过马路 3.正在转右的车辆 4.正在转左的车辆 ② 11 在单程路上你想转左之前，你应在路的什么位置？ 1.靠近路的右手边 2.靠近路的中线 3.靠近路的左手边 4.不成问题，只要你打讯号 ③ 12 当电车停下让乘客上落，当时没有安全岛，你想驶过电车时，法律上要你怎样做？ 1.停在电车后面，然后前进 2.响号，同时小心驶过 3.由左边驶过，当交通安全 4.在电车后门2公尺（6呎）之后停车，让乘客上落，直至安全才驶过 ④ 13 在十字路口闪着红灯，表示： 1.慢驶，然后加倍小心驾驶 2.慢驶，如有需要，让左右迎面的车辆有优先权 3.灯号坏了，小心前进 4.停车，直至安全才前进 ④ 14 当红灯可以转右时，在未驶入十字路口前，法律上你应怎么做？ 1.慢驶，小心前进 2.停车，然后侧侧地进入交通中 3.停车，打灯号，当不阻碍别地车辆及行人才转弯 4.慢驶，打讯号及转弯 ③ 15 当你想转右时，你应驶在路的哪一条线？ 1.靠近路的左边 2.靠近路的右边 3.靠近路的中线 4.不成问题，打灯便可 ② 16 当到达十字路口，绿灯刚转黄灯，你应怎样做？ 1.停车，如果停车是危险的，前进要加倍小心 2.加速，并尽快驶过十字路口 3.继续驶过十字路口，不用慢驶或停下来 4.响号，并警告行人和别的驾驶者，使他们知道你不会停车 ...
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...THE AUSTRALIAN ROAD RULES – WHAT ARE THEY AND WHERE ARE THEY GOING? Ian W Shepherd and Fiona A Calvert National Road Transport Commission PO Box 13105 Law Courts MELBOURNE VIC 8010 “Motoring in Australia is daily taking on more of a national aspect by shedding its earlier parochial garb. Yet there are few fields in which legislative and regulatory inconsistency have freer play than in the Australian motoring world. At the moment a motorist passing from one State into another has to unlearn much of what he has learned in his own State and to learn a lot that is strange to him. This produces irritation – or worse - in the motor owner and motor driver, and tends to unnecessary costs of traffic administration (which the motorist usually has to pay for). It also adds to traffic dangers through ignorance or unfamiliarity with local conditions or practices on the part of drivers. Therefore, anything that can be done to lay down a national basis for motor traffic control must be of much practical value. Commonsense suggests that there should be uniformity instead of variety, and that the growing volume of interstate traffic requires a national instead of a local viewpoint in things common to traffic in all of the States. Were all motor vehicles kept within their own State boundaries, little disadvantage would arise from the present welter of confusing motor legislation, but when a system becomes national, a system (or lack of system) of arbitrarily...
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...is based on the most happening concern of Dhaka city- Traffic congestion. Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is burdened with many different problems, namely housing problem, sanitation problem and problem related to water logging, etc. Yet, among many other problems, the city has been experiencing severe traffic-problem which is a common phenomenon in our daily life. Dhaka city situation is more alarming mainly due to vehicular movement and traffic jam. There are different types of vehicular namely, car, bus, jeep, truck, minibus, microbus, auto-rickshaw, tempo, mini-truck, motorcycles and innumerable numbers of rickshaws. There are many reasons behind traffic jam in Bangladesh. Among them some major factors are as follows: • Undisciplined traffic signal in the road. • Indiscipline among the road user. • Might is right, everybody are free to park their vehicle on Road. • No knowledge of traffic rules which encourage violating the rules. • Enforcement of rules by dishonest persons who are busy in collection of illegal money from traffic rules violators. • Heavy numbers of vehicle on roads. Time is the most valuable things in the twenty first centaury no doubt. And traffic jam is killing the most productive time of the people of Dhaka city. Time is going on and on and we are lagging behind. The world is becoming speedy where as we are becoming slower. To reduce traffic jam we can take steps such as: • Have a good public...
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...bothering is the traffic problem in cities. It is a basic problem compared to other economic problem but a long time unsolved one. If this problem won’t be solved a lot of people would be affected, therefore, authorities and even ordinary people must think of a solutions for this problem. Before we discuss the possible solutions regarding the traffic problem, let us know first the reasons or the causes of this problem. The main reason of this is the large number of vehicles on the road. Nowadays, due to the development of the world people can now afford to buy their own car and other kinds of vehicles and because of this, traffic is now bumper to bumper. This problem is indeed bothering for it causes a lot of inconvenience to different kind of people: students, working people and even ordinary ones. In fact, there are people who get stuck on traffic for about several hours, and this is indeed a problem especially to those busy people who were always running for their time. Another cause of traffic is unfollowing road rules such as NO U-TURN, NO JAYWALKING, NO PARKING, etc. these are just some road rules which are mostly unfollowed. It is part of reality that there are people who were really undisciplined and disobeying rules. Due to these kind people, traffic is getting bigger and bigger. Another cause of traffic is the road accident. There are drivers who were driving recklessly and there is also driving drunk. Because of these drivers who were unfollowing rules, accidents happen...
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...roads remain free from all types of hassels and harrowing happenings. Unless and until the Ministry of Surface Transport, Traffic Regulatory Agencies/Police etc. put road safety under the scanner and devise meaningful and result-oriented ways and means to render road travel a pleasant experience, things would not improve. Strict adherence to traffic rules and regulations is just one of the measures that can bring about perceptible change in the situation. Unfortunately, the series of accidents that occur on Indian roads day in and day out brings home the terrible truth that raising the safety bar on Indian roads remains a pipedream. When the tools of high technology are readily available and there is no shortage of funds, it is not comprehensible why this vital area of transport, both goods and humans, remains vulnerable to accidents. Ironically, while new roads are being built, and newer, supposedly safer automobiles— with safety features like airbags, crash sensors etc—race out of the factories, the country’s road safety record remains abysmal. No doubt, several factors contribute to the appalling statistics that tell the sorry state of affairs on roads. In India, this is particularly true since the facilities available for non-motorised users are poor or even non-existent. It is high time the authorities did more than indulge in “traffic drives” to book errant drivers. Only a zero tolerance policy on a sustained basis to educate people on good road sense will...
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... E-mails, text messages, surf the Internet, to listen music and many other daily activities. Many of these activities take place while a person is driving. So, it is not only becoming a part of our daily activities, but also putting our self at risk. In my point of view, using a cell phone while driving increases the risk of accident. Using a cell phone while driving distracts our mind. Distraction is an important risk factor of traffic injuries. Suppose you are holding your phone on your ear, listening to the conversation, and managing your car all at once. You're not paying attention; you could miss a turn or not see something coming out into the road. This can be incredibly dangerous. Using a cell phone while driving distracts your mind obviously. It can take your eyes off the road, your hands off the steering wheel and your mind off the sudden situation that can lead a more dangerous accident and result may be death. Moreover, if you are speaking on a cell phone while on the road you can’t notice all road traffic signals, may go too close to other vehicle and find it very hard to keep a regular speed. That’s why you must remove your cell phone from the steering wheel and keep your eyes on the road. So, calling, talking or reading a message on a cell phone while driving distract your mind that can lead a fatal accident. Using a cell phone while driving decrease your performance level, no matter how excellent you are at driving. Driving is a...
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...What Type of Driver Are You? Driving is a task we must take part in on a daily basis, but after several years of driving in frustrating and hectic rush hour traffic one can begin to hate even the thought of going to the grocery store. The roads are filled with very different types of drivers; Competent, Overly Cautious, Distracted, and Reckless are just a few of them. How we determine which category we best fall under can be a challenge, because in our minds we think we are good drivers, but in most cases we’re too oblivious to these classifications. First, there are the rare competent drivers who drive safely by not speeding and obey the common driving laws. Competent drivers are always coming to a full stop, looking both ways, using turn signals, and yielding when necessary. This type of driver is the most agreeable of the bunch, putting others at no risk. More of them on the road and the world would be a better place. We tend to think of bad drivers as the ones who charge down the road, wrecking everything in their path, but is it just as bad to be too cautious? Second to the competent, are the overly cautious drivers. They seem to be the ones to cause traffic jams and frustrate other drivers, because they are so indecisive and unpredictable. You know the kind - won't speed up to merge and stops at the end of on-ramps, sits helplessly at a four-way stop because they don't know what to do, slams on the brakes for no apparent reason, and, of course, refusing to exceed the...
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...Cycling – Creating the New Norm Martina Kahn Western Governors University WGU Student ID # 000390369 Cycling – Creating the New Norm Sitting down, whether in a vehicle, office or home, has become the principal offender in a worldwide obesity and diabetes pandemic that is damaging healthcare systems to the breaking point and increasing health risks to millions of overweight people. Administrations everywhere consider solutions that are economically feasible, easy to implement and improves patient health all at the same time. Together, they may have discovered their answer in a simple piece of engineering able to resolve all of these issues; the bicycle. However, research suggests that American society is not cyclist friendly due to drivers and/or cyclists not always being properly trained. Also, there is a need for bike lanes and laws that require road sharing. For the last five decades, only motorized vehicles have been considered in street designs throughout our country. Driver focused polices, education, and behaviors are an important part of the cycling safety encounter. Revolution in road and cycling infrastructure design is also needed as our population keeps growing. Care needs to be taken and investments made to ensure that everyone has a safe place to travel. In many ways, there has never been a better time to be a bicyclist. If you thought there were more bicyclists on the roads lately, you’d be right. Biking is thriving. The number of cyclists are growing...
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...toll has risen as high as 12000 and with no surprise the majority of these casualties belonged to yhe age group of 18-35 years. our roads can aptly thus be called as the KILLING ROADS. The road which is constructed to facilitate transport and vehicles as a means of convenience have now become weapons of death and destruction posing hazards to the lives of millions of the Indian youth DRIVING THEM CRAZY!!!!! It thus becomes imperative to study the reasons of this phenomenon. there is a total lack of road safety rules among the general public. RASH DRIVING amongst youngsters is a MATTER OF PRIDE. Jumping red lights has become a daily occurrence. thus it is no surprise to see the chaos and confusion on roads leaing to accidents. The answer lies in being responsible. a stich in time saves nine. on a similar note, adhering to some basic traffic rules and practicing little precaution can help prevent such mishaps taking a toll to millions of lives. the public and the traffic police needs to be vigilant. stringent actions ought to be taken up not only by the government but also by the people to seize this menace on the killing roads. people seen bereft of helmets and seat belts should be heavily penalized. the epitome lies again in the Indian capital where people without a helmet or seat belt are penalized as high as Rs.2000.speed limit for a given road should be specified by the local transport office and denizens must adhere to that. Above all, LIFE’S A PRECIOUS GIFT. let not one...
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...ROAD SAFETY IN BANGLADESH Introduction: Deaths and injuries as a result of road traffic accidents are recognized as global health issue. It is estimated that road crashes kill 1.2 million people and injure 20-50 million annually (daily road tolls more than 3000 i.e. nearly 140 deaths per hour). Transport is an extremely important part of the Bangladesh economy. Some 12% of GDP and 20% of the annual development budget is spent on transport, and 9.4% of the national employment is in the transport industry. Bangladesh has about 0.7 million motorized vehicle and 1.5 million non-motorized vehicles. But in Bangladesh, road accident problem grew over time and has been regarded as a massive outbreak of a fatal disease. Road fatalities are said to be correlated with a number of factors – number of population and its increasing numbers, length of roads, weather conditions, and mechanical condition of vehicles, drivers’ consideration of traffic laws, commuter safety skills and more. Road Accidents – this epidemic is related to faults of the drivers and the pedestrians and then our road infrastructures, social commitments, mechanical faults of vehicles, behavioral factors and more. Current Situation: Total Reported Road Accidents: According to police statistics, Road accidents in Bangladesh claim, on average 4000 lives and injure another 5000 a year. In Current prices, road accident in Bangladesh is costing community at least Tk. 5,000 crore /US$ 850 million per...
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...Analysis 1 – Road Rage Road Rage has become a widespread hazard on the nation’s congested, fast-paced roads, especially on highways. In fact, Road Rage is a serious national problem. Do you curse and honk your horn if a driver tries to cut you off, or slam on your brakes to annoy someone who’s tailgating? Aggressive driving, better known as “Road Rage”, occurs when furious motorists lose their temper over traffic disturbances. Almost every day you hear of another incident involving an aggressive driver. Speeding, weaving in and out of traffic, following too closely, yelling and gesturing are actions that characterize the aggressive driver. Psychologists believe that anger is the root of Road Rage. They describe four major traffic situations that trigger road rage: (1) feeling endangered, such as being cut off, (2) being closed in by other drivers who are going slow, (3) watching other drivers breaking the rules of the road and (4) feeling the need to retaliate. Also, if a driver gets in the vehicle already angry due to a prior incident, that anger can trigger even greater Road Rage responses. Angry drivers on the road merit great attention. Road Rage causes health problems. Driving under stress is a serious health risk. Does your blood boil when you’re cruising along the highway and some slowpoke is driving in the passing lane? With everyone over worked and having less free time, stress plays a key role. Most people do not have a lot of patience...
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...Small road capacity is the main cause of the traffic jam. When a volume of traffic or modal split generates demand for space greater than the available road capacity, traffic congestion occurs. So, too many vehicles, too old or narrow roads, and any other immature road infrastructure will lead to traffic jam. For example, in Sao Paulo City, Brazil, almost 1000 new cars are bought every day, while the capacity of public transport is quite limited: subway has only 38 miles of lines, and many roads are old and in bad condition. As a result, citizens spend 3 to 4 hours behind the wheel every day, making Sao Paulo the city with worst traffic jam in the world. Traffic accident is another problem leads to traffic jam. Some of them are caused by road works and weather events, but for most of the time, this situation attributes to lax traffic rules and people’s disregard of them. Though there are some problems leading to traffic jam, they can be solved by some actions. Solutions to small road capacity should be the improvement of road condition. More and wider roads, even underground railways and tunnels should be laid down to relieve traffic congestion. At the same time, better public transportation systems are also needed, including bus, MRT, LRT and many others. To reduce traffic accidents, stricter traffic laws and regulations should be issued. Governments should also raise the public awareness of traffic rules through education. Solutions like using stricter laws and regulations...
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...bridge whenever one is available. Never cross a road by dashing across it. That is inviting trouble. If there are no crossings, then we must look carefully right and left and cross only when it is safe to do so. Some of us take the bus to school. It is important that we do not try to get on or off a bus while it is still moving. I tried to get on a moving bus once. It dragged me a short distance and nearly ran over me. I was lucky to escape with only some scratches on my legs. Also we must not fool around while in the bus. A suddenly lurch can send us knocking our heads against something hard. Using a bicycle can be dangerous too. We must pay attention on the road and never cycle too far out to the middle of the road. We must obey all traffic rules. Also we must make sure our bicycles are in good condition with working brakes, lights etc. These are some things we can do to avoid accidents. However there is no guarantee that we will never be involved in one. The important thing is to stay alert at all times while using the roads. We must know what is happening around us. In that way we can take necessary action to avoid danger whenever we see one. Road safety is very much up to how we use the roads. Use them carefully and we may be able to use them for a long time. Use them carelessly and we may never be able to use them again. SUBJECT CODE | SUBJECT TITLE | SCHEDULE | SECTION/ROOM # | LEC/LABUNITS | TOTAL UNITS | UNITS TAKEN | ACCT 101 | Fundamentals of Accounting Part 1 | MWF...
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...to toward work. The sides of the freeway were flooded and too many cars tend to be going the same direction as mine. It was heavy traffic and other driver’s frustration appeared; when they were swerving their cars left and right trying to make their way out of traffic. I had my radio on and the news was about a car accident on San Mateo Bridge, which already started my day off wrong from that moment. As I was counting down the miles toward my destination, driving my car on the carpool lane going 65 miles per hour which was the legal speed limit for the freeway. Cruising on the far left lane, driving a 2005 black Jeep Cherokee that had four large tires which made me higher and oversee the whole view of the freeway. The incident started when I took a quick glance over my right shoulder and saw a blue, shiny-rimmed Toyota Runner, suv spinning out of control. The car instantly took my attention; the car was at the very far right lane so at the moment I did not doubt that the driver was going to make his way towards me immediately. Because it was raining hard and the road was wet which made him to slide all the way to the far left lane. At first he hit the concrete freeway dividers suddenly, I instantly slammed my breaks until I saw smoke coming out from the tires and then blew up. He spun 180 degrees and stopped facing the incoming traffic. I look at my right side and many cars were coming and my left side was the divider of the freeway. I was trying to avoid crashing...
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