...Cultural Influences on Personality and Bicultural Identity by Veronica Benet-Martínez Name Institution Date Abstract There has been increasing numbers of bicultural individuals in many nations, among them the United States showing that bicultural identity is extremely an important aspect for research. This paper recognizes and summarizes the literature on bicultural identity of different individuals. Second, the paper analyses how the Cultural influences on personality and bicultural identity theory addresses real-world problems and the solutions it suggests for such problems. The essential characteristics of the theory as well as the continued relevance are also evaluated for the purpose of analyzing the validity of the theory as well as its accuracy. Bicultural identity integration is determined by such factors like personality, social environment, political, economic and historical context. The current status of an individual’s cultural group may influence the range of that individual’s bicultural identity integration. Keywords: Bicultural identity, biculturalism, culture, personality, psychology. Cultural Influences on Personality and Bicultural Identity by Veronica Benet-Martínez Personality psychology is generally a branch of psychology which is involved with the student of personality and how it varies among different individuals. Personality is a set of characteristics that a person possesses and that have the ability to uniquely influence the person’senvironment...
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...and personality theories correspond in many ways. To identify and relate to the different theories one must know their informative defined differences. First, Psycho dynamic is related to unconscious thoughts , feeling, motives, and conflicts also repressed problems from an individual’s child hood. Psycho dynamic theory relate to Projective tests and personal interviews. Secondly the humanistic theory relate to a personal drive toward one’s growth and higher levels of functioning. The humanistic theories relate to objective tests and personal interviews. Third, the trait theory causes a person to have permanent dispositions that may cause the individual to think, feel, and act in characteristic ways. The trait theory relate to objective assessments. Fourth is social learning, is decided by one’s past reinforcement and punishments and also relates to observing an individual knowledge of what is happening to other people. Social learning theories are associated with assessments that include objective tests and observations. The online test was clear and included either and objective or projective point of view. The online test was clearly an objective test. This test identified the defined meaning of a personality test that is, a personality test is a test that is administered and scored in a standard way. Meaning, personality test are usually designed to allow an individual to choose a yes or no response and or select one answer among many other multiple choice questions. I feel...
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...solving responsibilities/ taking challenges and working hard. Individual, would rather do it alone and in their own way. 21. E 22. B 23. G 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. F Key Terms: Achievement Motive Theory - Attempts to explain and predict behavior and performance based on a person's need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Agreeableness Personality Dimension - Includes traits of sociability and emotional intelligence Adjustment Personality Dimension - Includes traits of emotional stability and self confidence Attitudes - Are positive or negative feelings about people, places, issues Big Five Model of Personality- categorizes traits into the dimensions of surgency, agreeableness, adjustments, conscientiousness, and open to experience. Conscientiousness Personality Dimension - includes traits of dependability and integrity Ethics - are the standards of right and wrong that influence behavior Leader Motive Profile - Attempts to explain and predict leadership success based on a person's need for achievement, power, and affiliation Moral Justification - thinking process of rationalizing why unethical behavior is used Openness to Experience Personality Dimension - includes traits of flexibility, intelligence, and locus of control Personality - is a combination of traits that classifies an individual's behavior...
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...The learning outcome of this assignment (organizational behavior) is that students will be able to understand the personality traits which are related to organizations, also the type of management style. Moreover I will be giving solutions on what we have to do to develop employees personalities, as well as recommendation to improve performance based on different famous theories in HR. the following are the questions I am about to answer. Question one Explain what type of personality trait is related to the employees working in ABC Company. * Self esteem Respect toward oneself will be influenced Toward individuals' attitudes around themselves, which thus might be formed through manageress or coworker input. To example, as an adult, Jacob needs exceptionally certain respect toward oneself. He puts stock that she may be a valuable, intelligent, keen representative who could handle whatever authoritative circumstances. He created this sure respect toward oneself through a long time for attempting hard, which brought about achievement. He likewise need gained awards done his trade Furthermore sure input from his bosses. Representatives who need helter skelter respect toward oneself (positive) need those Emulating authoritative traits: * Certainty over worth of effort abilities. * Self acknowledgement. * Not influenced Eventually Tom's perusing other individual's perspectives * Idealistic. The individuals for low respect toward oneself will have more level...
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...Procrastination is a prevalent and pernicious form of self-regulatory failure that is not entirely understood. Hence, the relevant conceptual, theoretical, and empirical work is reviewed, drawing upon correlational, experimental, and qualitative findings. A meta-analysis of procrastination’s possible causes and effects, based on 691 correlations, reveals that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensation seeking show only a weak connection. Strong and consistent predictors of procrastination were task aversiveness, task delay, selfefficacy, and impulsiveness, as well as conscientiousness and its facets of self-control, distractibility, organization, and achievement motivation. These effects prove consistent with temporal motivation theory, an integrative hybrid of expectancy theory and hyperbolic discounting. Continued research into procrastination should not be delayed, especially because its prevalence appears to be growing. Keywords: procrastination, irrational delay, pathological decision making, meta-analysis Procrastination is extremely prevalent. Although virtually all of us have at least dallied with dallying, some have made it a way of life. Estimates indicate that 80%–95% of college students engage in procrastination (Ellis & Knaus, 1977; O’Brien, 2002), approximately 75% consider themselves procrastinators (Potts, 1987), and almost 50% procrastinate consistently and problematically (Day, Mensink, & O’Sullivan, 2000; Haycock, 1993; Micek, 1982; Onwuegbuzie, 2000a; Solomon & Rothblum...
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...of David Korn. David Korn became a member of the group after attending a presentation by the “Golden Years Investments Clubs” leader Lenn Width. After a year of being in the club Korn started to get frustrated with the way that Width was running the way that the company was investing their money in and it was becoming frustrating. Throughout the year of frustration Korn would bring up more and more of his ideas on where the club should invest. Now yes of his ideas showed of being possibly good choices, but there were a few that would not have panned out if they invested at the time. As time went on and after hearing all of the different investments that Korn wanted the club to invest in Width started to see that he may be losing his power of having the final say and seeing he knew he had to do something to stop that. Width had decided that it was time to get rid of Korn and set up a secret meeting to vote to get rid of him so as though no one would be taking his power of final choice over what is going to be done. At that meeting it came to the conclusion that David Korn was to be out of the club if they were to keep the club running. After Korn was kicked out of the club there it seemed as though were fewer fights that had gone on based off of the stocks that the...
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...Formed Application of theories of personality development: This paper addresses two theories that present contrasting views of my own personality which is influenced not only by my parents but other family members, friends and the world around me. Therefore these are the trait and phenomenological theories of personality. In the trait theories, the basic variables of the theory are people’s traits, that is, their “broad predispositions to respond in particular ways” (Pervin & John, 2001, p. 226). Most trait theories try to identify a common set of traits that can be used to describe the personality of any individual. These “nomothetic” trait theories rely on the statistical procedure of factor analysis to identify dimensions that can be used summarize individual differences in personality traits. Researchers using this technique commonly identify a set of five trait dimensions. These Big Five personality traits include extroversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience (Pervin & John, 2001). which I found out that I’m marginal or no preference of Extraversion over Introversion is (1%), slight preference of Intuition over Sensing is (12%), moderate preference of Feeling over Thinking is (25%) and slight preference of Judging over Perceiving is (6%) after taking the big five test online. Therefore once one identifies a set of basic traits in this manner, a primary question is to identify where the traits come from. Why do some...
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...Match the psychological theories with the appropriate statement(s): F, J, M,__Psychodynamic Theory B,D,K__Trait Theory L, I__Learning Theory A, G, C, Sociocultural E, H, N__Humanistic Theory A. Individualism versus collectivism B. Popular theorist Eysenck initiated the five-factor model. C. The healthy personality is found in balancing the social self with the individual self. D. Genetics determine the traits for a healthy personality, but how those traits are expressed are influenced by learning experiences, development of skills, and the ability to choose our own actions. E. Popular theorists include Maslow and Rogers. F. Popular theorists include Freud, Jung, and Erikson. G. Social and cultural factors such as ethnicity, gender, culture, discrimination, and socioeconomic status influence one’s sense of self and his or her adjustment to society. H. Taken from the European philosophy of Existentialism I. Focus on the individuals’ capacity to build knowledge and adapt to the environments around them. Includes behaviorism and social-cognitive theory. J. Personality is characterized by a struggle between different elements within an individual’s personality. Behavior, thoughts, and emotions are the result of this inner struggle. K. Consists of five major personality factors which are reasonably stable elements of personality. These factors include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience...
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...different in terms of all personality traits, it will be impossible to group customers into segments. 2. Personality is consistent and enduring • Though personality of consumers may be consistent, their consumption behavior often varies. 3. Personality can change • An individual’s personality changes not only in response to abrupt events, but also as part of a gradual maturing process. • Convergence in the personality characteristic of men and women. Chapter 5(Consumer Behavior) Mohammed Sohel Islam 1 Theories of Personality Freudian Theory Unconscious need or drive Human motivation • Personality consists of three interactive systems. ID: ‘Warehouse’ of primitive and impulsive desire. Seeks immediate satisfaction. SUPEREGO: Internal expression of society’s moral and ethical codes of conduct. “Brake” that restrains or inhibits the impulsive force of the ID. EGO: Conscious control. Balance between impulsive demand and sociocultural constraints. Purchase or consumption situation is a reflection of individual’s own personality. Neo-Freudian personality Theory Social relationship is the fundamental to the development and formation of personality. Karen Horney’s classification of personality C: Compliant (move towards others) A: Aggressive (move against others) D: Detached (move away from others) Chapter 5(Consumer Behavior) Mohammed Sohel Islam 2 Trait Theory (Quantitative or empirical) • Trait is defined as any...
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...understand why I become angry. Then I used the second step, which is building a theory. I built my theory based on specific times and corresponding levels of stress. The times evaluated were in the morning, right after waking up, in the late afternoon after a long day of work and in the evening just before bedtime. My hypothesis was that I am most angry and irritable in the late afternoon, after a long day of work. The best possible way for me to evaluate my hypothesis was to ask a friend to stay at my house and observe me. I informed her about my hypothesis and the importance for her to remain as objective as possible. To evaluate my hypothesis I used an experiment. I simply changed one of the variables (took a day off work) and had my friend observe any changes in my demeanor. As I had hypothesized, I am most angry and irritated in the late afternoon, after a long day of work. Therefore, by using the scientific process I now understand the cause and effect of my anger. References McAdams, D. (2006). The person: A new introduction to personality psychology. (4th ed.).Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Character Evaluation Top Gun is a movie that presents a young and ambitious man, Pete Mitchell, call sign Maverick, who is accepted into one of the most prestigious flight schools that the Navy has to offer. Extraversion Extraversion describes one of the traits of Maverick’s character...
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...allows us to combine what we know from our past experiences and allows us to make predictions regarding our future behaviour. The term ‘behaviour’ here encompasses all actions and emotions which we might experience. The ‘Big Five Personality Traits’ as they are collectively called, are comprised of the five following traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. According to McCrae and Costa, human personality can be categorized separately along each of these five scales, which are graded from the 0 – 100th percentile. Since no two person can have the same score across all five scales, this test takes the uniqueness of each human personality into account. Discussion Recently, I myself have taken the test as part of my individual assignment for my Personality Development class. In my opinion, the test does tell the truth about me, to a certain extent. Although I cannot attest to the degree of accuracy of the percentiles of the test to my personality traits, I can, however, say that I generally agree with the conclusions reached in the test with regards to my own personality. I will discuss the findings for each of the five traits below. Openness to Experience The first trait discussed in the ‘Big Five Personality...
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...favorably Abstract This study is conducted on students of xxxxx University to test the hypothesis (does the congruence of individual personality and brand personality influence the buying behaviour favourably?). The results would describe if an individual’s personality similar to that of the brand will result in preference for that brand in purchasing decisions. The study is conducted in two phases using Aaker’s- 5 brand personality description/model. In the first phase, factor analysis has been used in grouping the attributes given by the sample population for the cell phone brands, under one of the five personality types. In the second phase a structured questionnaire is employed to understand the sample population’s personality and their choice of cell phone brand if all the three brands offer a model with same features and at the same cost. Keywords Brand personality, individual personality, sources of brand personality Introduction Over forty years of research in marketing (Levy 1959; Martineau 1958) has shown that the perceptions and associations consumers have about brands go beyond their functional attributes and benefits, and include non-functional, symbolic qualities, often referred to as “brand image.” Among these aspects of brand image are perceptions and associations about the brand's “personality,” the “set of human-like characteristics associated with a brand” (Aaker 1997, p. 347). For instance, among soft drinks, Pepsi is often perceived by consumers as more...
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...Portfolio In a modern day organization’s behavior, employees and suppliers have as much impact on the organization structure as customers and competitors have had in the past. Organizations are viewed as open systems, continually interacting with their environment and in dynamic state of temporary equilibrium as they adapt to environmental changes. Successful organizations are in constant state of flux in response to their environment, many companies are looking at media technologies as way to market their product and learn about their competitors. This presence could produce a large following depending on the interest in the content created and information shared. The change stemmed from the speed at which information travel in the media arena. In most cases, the information environment outside the organization is changing far more rapidly than the information environment internally. Customers, partners, prospects, and employees can find, access, and share information in a way that corporate infrastructure, security, culture, and policies inhibit. Organizations are having a difficult time responding to or taking advantage of – these new environments. The path of information regarding the organization is no longer just the role of the marketing department. Employees talk to customers, colleagues, and suppliers. They share their experiences, impressions and expectations regarding their jobs, the organization and management. The speed at which the information travels is beyond...
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...type. The basic premise of Holland’s theory is that work is an expression of people’s personalities, so people will tend to seek work in environments that fit their personality types. Holland’s theory is summarized in the following statements: 1. In our culture, most persons can be categorized as one of six types: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, or Conventional. 2. There are six model environments: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, or Conventional. 3. People search for environments that will let them exercise their skills and abilities, express their attitudes and values, and take on agreeable problems and roles. Behavior is determined by an interaction between personality and environment. (Holland, 1992) The assessment groups people into six personality types; Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, enterprising, conventional. These six types were developed by asking people about their interests, and since interests and personality are closely related, he was able to define the personalities and then build the test to help users select which personality type they were. The assessment allows users to be grouped into more than one category, as most people have some level of overlap in the different groups and uses the three most predominant ones to predict the correct occupational area for the user. I used the test to find out that my most dominating personality trait was enterprising, followed by conventional...
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...Great Man theory From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search [pic] [pic] Napoleon The Great Man Theory was a popular 19th century idea according to which history can be largely explained by the impact of "great men", or heroes: highly influential individuals who, due to either their personal charisma, intelligence, wisdom, or Machiavellianism utilized their power in a way that had a decisive historical impact. The theory was popularized in the 1840s by Scottish writer Thomas Carlyle, and in 1860 Herbert Spencer formulated a decisive counter-argument that remained influential throughout the 20th century; Spencer said that such great men are the products of their societies, and that their actions would be impossible without the social conditions built before their lifetime.[1][2][3] |Contents | |[hide] | |1 Introduction | |2 Criticisms | |3 See also | |4 References | |5 External links | [pic][edit] Introduction Carlyle commented that "The history of the world is but the biography of great men," reflecting his belief that heroes shape history through both their personal attributes and divine inspiration.[4] In his book On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History, Carlyle set out how he saw history as having turned on the decisions of "heroes", giving detailed analysis of the influence...
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