...National Competitive Advantage (Diamond Model) Analysis (WS 8.1) 20. Entry Mode Alternatives Analysis (WS 8.2) 20112913 권다정20112916 김나형 20112959 배수정20113019 정예린 20. Entry Mode Alternatives(WS 8.2) | advantages | disadvantages | License | -manufacturer is near the customer’s base-little capital investmen, high return on capital employed-valuable spin-off is possible-no danger of nationalization/expropriation of assets-new product can be rapidly exploited on a worldwide basis-protects patents-local manufacturer can secure government contracts | -re-negotiaion is expnsive-when agreement expire the former licensee can be seen as a competitor-the licensee may not fully exploit the market leaving space for competitor’s entry-licensee fees are often too small-lack of control over licensee operations quality control of the product is difficult-goverments often impose conditions on royalties or supply | franchise | -greater degree of control compared to licensing-low-risk, low-cost entry mode-using highly motivated business contacts with money, local market knowledge and experience-quick development of international markets-generating economies of scale-precursor to possible future direct investment in foreign markets | -search for a competent franchisee is expensive and time consuming-costs of creating/marketing a unique package of products recognized internationally-costs of protecting goodwill and brand name-problems with local legislation-opening internal business knowledge...
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... Anupam Rastogi Submitted By: Group 4 MBA Capital Markets Nikhil A001 Nikita Agarwal A002 Niket Jithra A029 Nitish Khator A034 Pankaj Shah A046 Nilabh Shekhar A047 1|Page Introduction The e-Commerce industry was in its infancy for the larger part of the previous decade. However, in last three years, the industry has witnessed an incredible growth of 150%, increasing from USD 3.8 billion (INR 19,249 crores) in 2009 to USD 10 billion (INR 47,349 crores) in 2013. A number of business models for e-Commerce have evolved and are in varying stages of maturity. The resultant industry has come to be dominated by Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal in the non-travel related ecommerce market. e-Commerce is a capital intensive business and with problems abounding in technology infrastructure, low profit margins and poor physical infrastructure (logistics and distribution). In spite of this Flipkart has managed to raise $1.2 B this year which was followed by Amazon declaring an investment of $2B. In order to meet this challenge head – on Flipkart has planned to spend significant amount of capital in back-end infrastructure, logistics and warehouse, technological upgrade, scouting for new acquisitions, customer acquisition and talent. Paucity of significant larger players has resulted in money chasing few firms which have resulted in distorted valuations of companies. The companies have been valued at 5-6 times the GMV. This is regardless of the risks that many companies in this sector face...
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...Applied SOA Service-Oriented Architecture and Design Strategies Mike Rosen Boris Lublinsky Kevin T. Smith Marc J. Balcer Wiley Publishing, Inc. Applied SOA Applied SOA Service-Oriented Architecture and Design Strategies Mike Rosen Boris Lublinsky Kevin T. Smith Marc J. Balcer Wiley Publishing, Inc. Applied SOA: Service-Oriented Architecture and Design Strategies Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-0-470-22365-9 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and...
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...Chapter 1: Introduction Managerial accounting: decision making and control The internal accounting system, an important component of a firm’s information system, includes budgets, data on the costs of each product and current inventory and periodic financial reports. Internal accounting systems serve two purposes: v Provide some of the knowledge necessary for planning and decision making; v Help motivate and monitor people in organizations (control). The most basic control use of accounting is to prevent fraud and embezzlement. Design and use of cost systems An internal accounting system should have the following characteristics: v Provide the information necessary to identify the most profitable products and the pricing and marketing strategies to achieve the desired volume levels; v Provide information to detect production inefficiencies to ensure that the proposed products and volumes are produced at minimum costs; v When combined with the performance evaluation and reward systems, create incentives for managers to maximize firm value; v Support the financial accounting and tax accounting reporting functions; v Contribute more to firm value than it costs. Economic Darwinism (strong organizations will survive) Two caveats must be raised concerning too strict an application of economic Darwinism: v Some surviving operating procedures can be neutral mutations. Just because a system survives does not mean that its benefits exceed its costs. Benefits less costs might be...
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...Marketing Management- I Project Report Group- 8 Table&of&Contents& E$COMMERCE!INDUSTRY!.....................................................................................................!3! PESTLE!ANALYSIS!.......................................................................................................................!4! POLITICAL&ASPECT& ........................................................................................................................&4& . ECONOMIC&ASPECTS& ....................................................................................................................&4& . SOCIAL&ASPECTS& ...........................................................................................................................&4& . TECHNOLOGICAL&ASPECTS&...........................................................................................................&5& LEGAL&ASPECTS&.............................................................................................................................&5& ENVIRONEMNET&ASPECTS&............................................................................................................&6& Flipkart!Introduction!...............................................................................................................!7! CURRENT&HEALTH&.........................................................................................................................&7& TARGETS&....................
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...INTRODUCTION The Estimates committee (1980-81) in 7th Lok Sabha, Ministry of Finance had recommended that government should attempt an estimate of black economy to formulate appropriate policies. The study of unaccounted income thereafter was entrusted to the National Institute Of Public Finance And Policy in July 1982 to: identify sectors generating black money, causes of such, studying the methods employed to generate black money and channels through which concealed income is invested and spent in other ways, methods employed to convert black money into white, broad estimate of money generated and to take regional or sectoral surveys required in connection with the above. The Institute submitted its report in March 1985. The focus of the paper is on methods and measurements of estimating black economy and therefore, other aspects of the report like distinguishing between black income and black wealth, giving an explanation for the causes of black economy and remedial measures etc. are not explicitly dealt with, yet these issues are kept in mind and the methods and measurements are discussed at the level best. This paper has tried to do some justification to the NIPFP REPORT (1985) and the comments by various known scholars. METHODS FOR ESTIMATING BLACK INCOME The first approach is the fiscal approach: Variants of this approach attempt to arrive at independent estimates of incomes subject to tax and compare these with the income actually assessed for taxation and call the...
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...Descriptive research design was adopted with the population being all the available literature on the online web as pertaining pension funds and also financial intermed iation. Using key word characters, the search in itially identified 50 journals and after a tentative scrutiny, 37 journals were selected in a random sampling manner in o rder to give the birth of this discussion paper. The key objective of this article was to discuss the role of pension funds in financial intermed iation. A mong the roles identified in this paper were; provision of a mechanis m for pooling of funds and subdivision of shares, provision of ways to transfer economic resources, provision of ways to manage uncertainty and control risk, provision of ways to manage uncertainty and control risk, provision of pricing informat ion and the provision of ways to deal with incentive problems. This paper provides practical insights into the roles of pension in financial intermed iation and thus highlighting the key importance of such pension funds into the success of any economy. This paper is one of the very first to recognize the key roles that pension funds play in the 21st century. Keywords Intermediary, Financial Intermediary, Roles of pension in financial intermediation, Pension Funds Defined contribution plans have tended to grow faster than defined benefit in recent years, as employers have sought to 1. Introduction minimize the risk of their obligations, while emp loyees seek funds that are...
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...Lecture Notes in Computer Science Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen 6336 Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Alfred Kobsa University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Germany Madhu Sudan Microsoft Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Gerhard Weikum Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbruecken, Germany Richard Hull Jan Mendling Stefan Tai (Eds.) Business Process Management 8th International Conference, BPM 2010 Hoboken, NJ, USA, September 13-16, 2010 Proceedings 13 Volume Editors Richard Hull IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY 10532, USA E-mail: hull@us.ibm.com Jan Mendling Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany E-mail: contact@mendling.com Stefan Tai Karlsruhe Institute of...
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...FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT (S1309012890) Open University Malaysia Semester 2, Sept 2013 BMFM 5103 – Financial Management Question 1 If the goal of a firm is to maximize the shareholder wealth does it mean profit is not important at all? Explain your answer. (5 marks) Maximizing the shareholder’s wealth is long term process. Shareholder wealth is maximized by maximizing the difference between the market value of the firm’s stock and the amount of equity capital that was supplied by shareholders (Brigham & Ehrhardt: 2011). In order to maximize the value of the firm the managers should make all decisions to increase the total long run market value of the firm. Therefore the managers will invest in projects that would not only maximize profit and control cost but also add value to the company through processes that reflects the prices of the stock; as maximizing share price will maximize owner wealth. On the other hand, profit maximization refers to how much dollar profit the company makes. It is a short term approach which can fulfill objective of earning profit but may not help in creating wealth. Hence, financial management emphasizes on wealth maximization rather than profit maximization. As profit maximization is a short term objective of the firm which does not achieve the objectives of the shareholders; wealth maximization is better than profit maximization. However, it does not mean that profit maximization...
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...More Praise for the Second Edition of Mergers & Acquisitions from A to Z ‘‘Sherman and Hart have done a terrific job assembling and synthesizing the basic, yet critical, issues to be aware of before/during/ after the deal. A well-rounded, up-to-date primer filled with pragmatic information that will serve as an excellent reference regardless of the reader’s M&A experience.’’ —Edward J. Hayes, Jr. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Quantum Corporation ‘‘After reading Andrew’s book, it became clear that his insight and processes assist entrepreneurs looking to expand their businesses. Andrew’s book offers guidance for non–U.S.-based businesses considering mergers and acquisitions in the United States.’’ —Nancye Miller, CEO, EO The Entrepreneurs’ Organization ................. 11539$ $$FM 10-19-05 09:48:09 PS PAGE i This page intentionally left blank PAGE ii MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS F ROM A SECOND TO Z EDITION Andrew J. Sherman and Milledge A. Hart American Management Association New York • Atlanta • Brussels • Chicago • Mexico City • San Francisco Shanghai • Tokyo • Toronto • Washington, D.C. ................. 11539$ $$FM 10-19-05 09:48:11 PS PAGE iii Special discounts on bulk quantities of AMACOM books are available to corporations, professional associations, and other organizations. For details, contact Special Sales Department, AMACOM, a division of American Management Association, 1601...
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...1. Introduction Strides in the field of technology have redefined the role and structure of an IT department in a Bank. Rapid strides in the field of technology redefined the use of technology in a banking. The fact that using better technology and systems, banks can garner more customers, retain existing ones and channel more of the customers business to its counters has forced business department to now look at IT as an effective marketing tool. On the operational side, the power of IT in reducing transaction costs, providing better customer service and offering an over-all customer convenience has basically made this a win-win situation for both banks as well as its clients. These have become the main drivers for getting IT the importance it has got in banks in recent times. The nerve centre of technology in a bank’s IT dept. is the ‘Core Banking System’. This paper aims at understanding the role of core systems, the scope of core systems, evaluation methodologies adopted by banks in selecting core systems, typical pitfalls in implementations, and recent and future trends in the core systems. II. What is a Core-Banking System? Core banking systems are basically the heart of all systems running in a bank and it forms the Core of the bank's IT platform. Amongst other functionalities, it provides the customer information management, central accounting and the transaction-processing functions, which by far are the most fundamental processes in a bank. With the advancement...
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...For comments: ehabmes@yahoo.com Chapter 2: Competitiveness, Strategy, and Productivity Definitions: Competitiveness: How effectively the organization meets the needs of the customers relative to others that offer similar goods or services. Strategy: Plans to achieve organization goals. Productivity: Measure of effective use of resources, usually expressed as the ratio of outputs to inputs. Productivity =Output / Input Competitiveness: Organizations compete with each other in various ways including: 1. Price: amount customer must pay for the product or service. If all other factors are equal customers will choose lowest price. 2. Quality: Material, workmanship and design. Quality is related to buyer’s perception. 3. Service: like after-sale such as delivery, setup, warranty, technical support etc. 4. Differentiation: any special feature (design, cost, quality, ease of use, etc) that cause a product or service to be perceived by the buyer as more suitable than competitor’s. 5. Flexibility: the ability to respond to changes. 6. Time: like, how quickly product is delivered, how quickly product is developed, and rate of product improvement. 7. Managers and workers: people are the heart and soul of an organization. Their skills can be a competitive edge. Skills example is answering the phone: persons handling calls should be helpful, cheerful, prompt. Global 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. competition criteria: Changing in nature. Quality, service and prices competition. Continued growth...
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...MEMORANDUM To: Shuzworld From: Robert Hixon Director of Operations When we face challenges in life that are far beyond our own power, it's an opportunity to build on our faith, inner strength, and courage. I've learned that how we face challenges plays a big role in the outcome. Stay ambitious & determined and you can Never fail. Re: Operations Recommendations Date: November, 06, 2012 A) Work Flow The current workflow needs to address how to best organize the assembly line so that it is most efficient, and what metrics can be provided in determining the correct number of workstations. My recommendation to improve work flow is to utilize assembling and balancing strategies in Shuzworld’s Shanghai Production Facility (SSPF). Due to the circumstances surrounding this issue, I have chosen this decision analysis tool because the goal of using a layout strategy is “to develop an effective and efficient layout that will meet the firm’s competitive requirements” (JGT2 power point presentation). Proper job layouts must support a business's competitive priorities: process, flexibility, customer contact, and quality of work life. Although there are a variety of layouts to choose from, I recommend using the Product Oriented Layout in order to maximize the long run efficiency of operations by achieving the following: Higher utilization of space, equipment and people, improved flow of materials, information and people, improved employee morale...
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...Faraday Discussions Cite this: Faraday Discuss., 2015, 183, 327 Open Access Article. Published on 11 June 2015. Downloaded on 15/12/2015 18:00:51. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. PAPER View Article Online View Journal | View Issue Investigating public perceptions of carbon dioxide utilisation (CDU) technology: a mixed methods study† C. R. Jones,*ac D. Kaklamanou,b W. M. Stuttard,a R. L. Radforda and J. Burleya Received 5th May 2015, Accepted 10th June 2015 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00063g Carbon dioxide utilisation (CDU) technologies hold promise for helping to limit atmospheric releases of CO2 while generating saleable products. However, while there is growing investment in the research and development required to bring CDU to the market, to date there has been very little systematic research into public perceptions of the technology. The current research reports upon the findings of a series of six qualitative focus groups (and an associated questionnaire) held with members of the UK public in order to discuss the perceived benefits and risks of CDU technology. The findings reveal that public awareness of CDU is currently very low and that there is a desire to learn more about the technology. While our participants did, on average, appear to develop an overall positive attitude towards CDU, this attitude was tentative and was associated with a number of caveats. The implications for the findings in terms ...
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...Software License Agreement for Quicken Software and Services Thank you for selecting Quicken software. This Software License Agreement (the “Agreement”) gives you certain rights and responsibilities depending on the software product license you purchased as more fully described below (“Software”). Before using the Software, you must read and accept the terms and conditions contained in this Agreement. If you do not accept this Agreement, you will not be able to use the Software. If you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, promptly return the Software and accompanying items to the place of purchase within sixty (60) days of purchase with a dated receipt for a full refund. See Section 9. Satisfaction Guaranteed below for more details. 1. LICENSE GRANT AND RESTRICTIONS. Intuit Inc. (“Intuit”, “us”, “we”, “our”) grants you (“you” and “your” means an individual or single entity) the following rights provided that you comply with all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement. (i) Single User License. You may install and use a copy of the Software on up to three (3) computers used by a single household. If you purchased a valid license for the Software and received an Authentic Intuit CDROM, such CDROM is your backup copy of the Software. If you purchased a valid license and received the Software pre-installed on a new computer or through an electronic download, you may make one backup copy of the Software, but only for the purpose of reinstalling the...
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