...Finance, Kumasi polytechnic, P. O. Box 845, Kumasi, Ghana. Author Email: augustine_addo@yahoo.co.uk Tel: +233263928024 Mobile phone use has changed from a percieved item of luxury to an every day necessity for many people. This study therefore examined how the adoption of mobile phones has impacted in changing the behaviour and attitude of users. Kumasi Polytechnic was used as the study area. A total of 250 respondents were randomly selected for this study. Using indepedent sample t-test and a descriptive case study in which a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to analyze the data, the study finds positive evidence of positive influence in mobile adoption in enhancing communication is significant. Mobile phone has changed the way people communicate and live by influencing peoples’ life in a wide scope predicated to change society in a larger and deeper way more than its intended use as communication tool. The adoption of mobile phones have some negative effects such as enhancing crime, diversion of attention, increased social anxiety and capturing obscene audio-visuals and these are significant according to the t-test. It is also significant to note that kidnapping with mobile phone is not common in Ghana as this is affirmed by the t-test. Mobile phone has become part of our daily life and efforts should be made to mitigate its negative influences. Keywords: Mobile phone, social, Polytechnic, Ghana. INTRODUCTION One of the most technologically...
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...moneylenders who charge usurious rates of interest or use informal and, therefore, insecure ways of performing transactions such as payments and money transfer. The above is reflected in the quotation by the past Secretary-General of the United Nations: ‘‘The stark reality is that most people in the world still lack access to sustainable financial services, whether it is savings, credit or insurance. The great challenge before us is to address the constraints that exclude people from full participation in the financial sector. Together, we can and must build inclusive financial sectors that help people improve their lives (United Nations, 1997).’’ With almost thirty per cent of the country's population living in poverty, the Government of Ghana clearly faces an enormous challenge to reduce poverty especially in the three northern savannah regions where there is the greatest concentration of poor people. To achieve rapid and sustainable reduction in poverty, it is necessary to have an integrated policy with the various elements of the strategy reinforcing each other. The World Development Report for 1990 (World Bank, 1990) found that poverty can be reduced most effectively by a strategy with two equally important elements. The first element is to promote the productive use of the most abundant asset of the poor, labour. Broad-based economic growth through appropriate macroeconomic and microeconomic policies...
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...they believe at a point in time, Latin dominated them through the empire building activities of Rome. The black African nation is the same. Nations and ethnic groups rob on one another in their history. The Benin or Edo will never agree Yoruba are their progenitor while Yoruba too will never agree Benin are there progenitors. However, if we take a feminist outlook that ethnicity is as a result of the expanded family, just as Aristotle have traced the origin of city states to family. However, feminism comes with a twist in the theory that rather than male figure, families in the prehistoric society gather round female figure, the mother figure. Remnants of this matriarchy could still be found in matrilineal societies like the Akan society in Ghana. Nigerian national policies have usually aspired to foster tolerance and appreciation for cultural differences, while trying at the same time to suppress unfair treatment based on ethnic prejudice. However, this long-term campaign involved widespread support in educated circles to replace the term “tribe” or “tribal” with the more universally applicable concept of ethnicity. What if we insert element of this feminist theory into the history of our people by claiming we are from the same ancestral cord despite our linguistic differences. The Nupes regard Yoruba as brother from the same mother, that is why we hardly hear of clash between the two ethnic group. Nevertheless, older beliefs died slowly, and ethnic identities were still a vital...
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...technology for good Ericsson Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Report 2014 about ericsson Ericsson is a driving force behind the Networked Society – a world leader in communications technology and services. The Company’s long-term relationships with every major telecom operator in the world allow people, businesses and societies to fulfill their potential and create a more sustainable future. Ericsson’s services, software and infrastructure – especially in mobility, broadband and the cloud – are enabling the telecom industry and other sectors to do better business, increase efficiency, improve the user experience and capture new opportunities. With more than 115,000 professionals and customers in more than 180 countries, Ericsson ombines global c scale with tech ology and services leadership. Investments in research and development ensure that Ericsson’s n solutions – and its customers – stay in the forefront. The Company provides support for networks with more than 2.5 billion subscribers. Approxmately 40% of the world’s mobile traffic is carried through etworks delivered by i n Ericsson. Founded in 1876, Ericsson has its headquarters in Stockholm, Sweden. The Ericsson share is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm and NASDAQ New York. Cover photo: Myanmar, a country undergoing democratic and social reform, has one of world’s lowest levels of mobile broadband p enetration. ICT can play a huge role in boosting socio-economic development. In 2014...
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...Question 1(a) “Cooperatives and other forms of organizations are established to serve the public”. In view of this statement, explain their notable similarities and differences. The International Labour Organisation defines cooperatives thus; A “Cooperative is an association of person usually of limited means, who have voluntarily joined together to achieve a common economic, end through the formation of a democratically controlled business organisation, make equitable contribution to the capital required and accepting a fair share of risks and benefits of the undertaking". Hubert Calvest (1972) defines the Cooperative as a form of organisation wherein persons voluntarily associates together as human beings on the basis of equality for the promotion of the economic and social interests of themselves." Cooperatives have unique characteristics which differentiate them from other forms of business organizations particularly partnerships and limited liability companies. The following are the characteristics of cooperatives. Voluntary association: Everybody having a common interest is free to join cooperative society. There is no restriction on the basis of caste, creed, religion, colour, etc. Anybody can also leave it at any time after giving due notice to the society. That is specialty of any cooperative society. There should be a minimum of 10 members to for cooperative society but there is no maximum limit for the membership. This characteristic is similar to other forms...
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...CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study For the last few decades job satisfaction has been one of the most popular interests among scientists, researchers and practitioners. According to Spector job satisfaction is the most frequently studied variable in organization research. Job satisfaction was proved too be an important construct in emotional and psychological employees’ well being. It is a significant element related to good organizational functioning as well. Although, the phenomenon of job satisfaction has been broadly researched, still there are several problematic areas. First of all, the concept of job satisfaction has been described in various ways by a number of researchers. Lawler states that “overall job satisfaction is determined by the difference between all those things a person feels he should received from his job and all those things he actually does receive”. Locke defines job satisfaction as “the pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job as achieving or facilitating the achievement of one’s job values. Spector describes job satisfaction as “the extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) their jobs”. Apart of those few definitions indicated above, there are many others that aim to explain the concept of the satisfaction. The lack of consensus which appears in defining the concept may lead to misunderstanding among researchers and research participants and may influence the construct...
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...The global impact of e-waste Addressing the challenge SECTOR Sectoral Activities Department SafeWork Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment The global impact of e-waste: Addressing the challenge The global impact of e-waste: Addressing the challenge Karin Lundgren SafeWork and SECTOR International Labour Organization Geneva 2012 Copyright © International Labour Organization 2012 First published 2012 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: pubdroit@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Lundgren, Karin The global impact of e-waste: addressing the challenge / Karin Lundgren; International Labour Office, Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SafeWork), Sectoral Activities Department (SECTOR). – Geneva: ILO, 2012 ISBN 978-92-2-126897-0 (print) ISBN...
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...DLP Policy and Practice for Developmental Leaders, Elites and Coalitions DEVELOPMENTAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM Research Paper 11 An analysis of Leadership Development Programmes working in the context of development Heather Lyne de Ver & Fraser Kennedy February 2011 www.dlprog.org DLP Policy and Practice for Developmental Leaders, Elites and Coalitions DEVELOPMENTAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM The Developmental Leadership Program (DLP) is an international policy initiative informed by targeted research and directed by an independent steering committee. DLP is supported by a global network of partners and currently receives its core funding from the Australian aid program. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Australian Government or any of DLP’s other partner organisations. i Contents Page Acronyms ii Abstract iii Executive Summary iv Introduction 01 1.0 An Overview of the Programmes Reviewed 03 2.0 An Overview of the Criteria for Selecting Leadership Development Programmes 05 2.1 Does the programme articulate its understanding of leadership? 05 2.2 Does the programme have a theory of change? 11 2.3 Who is the programme aimed at? 13 2.4 What are the programme’s methods and content? 21 2.5 Impact assessment and evaluations 32 3.0 Our...
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...12:06 Page 1 WOMEN, GENDER AND WORK People are not defined solely by their work, nor is it possible to ignore the effects of factors outside the workplace on a person's status at work. To seek equality at work without seeking equality in the larger society – and at home – is illusory.Thus an examination of the issues surrounding women, gender and work must be holistic. That means considering the role of productive work in life as a whole and the distribution of unpaid work as well as the myriad questions relating to employment. This important anthology brings together the thinking of leading philosophers, economists and lawyers on this complex subject. Selected recent articles from the multidisciplinary International Labour Review are assembled for the first time to illuminate questions such as how we should define equality, what equal opportunity means and what statistics tell us about differences between men and women at work, how the family confronts globalization and what is the role of law in achieving equality. There is an examination of policy – to deal with sexual harassment and wage inequality, for example, as well as part-time work, the glass ceiling, social security, and much more. A major reference on the best of current research and analysis on gender roles and work. Martha Fetherolf Loutfi has been Editor-in-Chief of the International Labour Review, a Senior Economist for the Brandt Commission and in the ILO’s Employment and Development...
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...European Management Journal (2010) 28, 421– 440 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/emj International human resource management challenges in Canadian development INGOs Sharon L. OÕSullivan * Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, 55 Laurier ave East, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5 KEYWORDS International human resource management; International non-governmental organization; International development; Northern NGOs; Canada; Capacity building Summary Over $100 million of Canadian overseas development assistance (ODA) is channeled through international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) (CIDA, 2006). Although INGOs appear to be successful at circumventing many challenges in international development (Sachs, 2007), empirical research attesting to their international human resource management (IHRM) challenges is sparse, particularly in regard to secular, Northern INGOs. This paper responds by investigating the IHRM challenges facing Canadian INGOs as they implement ODA-funded projects in the field, and by exploring how such challenges may vary in different types of INGOs. The methodology involved semistructured interviews with 31 managers in three different Canadian development INGOs. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed. ª 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction The term INGO refers to ‘‘international non-governmental organization’’ (Roberts et al., 2005). Such organizations exist for diverse socioeconomic reasons...
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...ARE THE ARTS IMPORTANT IN EDUCATION? 1. Introduction British fashion, publishing, theatre, film and TV, literature, visual arts and music are internationally respected and renowned for their prestige. People from America to Asia dance to our music, read our books, purchase our art and wear our designer’s latest creations, with London being recognised as the world’s most influential city by Forbes in 2014. The creative sector represents 5 percent of the British economy which is valued at around £76.9 billion and provides more than 1.7 million jobs, as reported by Warwick university. These industries have an impact on us as individuals and adds to our rich heritage by contributing to our British culture. Our arts are constantly being shaped by new trends and our consumer choices are influenced by clever marketing and visual branding. The arts also improve the enjoyment of the environments which we live and work and shape the way in which we are perceived by others around the globe, whilst also contributing to how we view the world. However, the Arts have been left to suffer within the UK educational system in order to accommodate the severe budget cuts and restrictions being hauled at schools and colleges. With more time and focus being placed on academic subjects such as science and mathematics, there is an implication that they are more important. Subjects are placed within a hierarchy with the Arts taking the largest hit, as more measureable subjects are favoured so...
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...ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Y U K O A O YA M A J A M E S T. M U R P H Y SUSAN HANSON KEY CONCEPTS IN key concepts in economic geography The Key Concepts in Human Geography series is intended to provide a set of companion texts for the core fields of the discipline. To date, students and academics have been relatively poorly served with regards to detailed discussions of the key concepts that geographers use to think about and understand the world. Dictionary entries are usually terse and restricted in their depth of explanation. Student textbooks tend to provide broad overviews of particular topics or the philosophy of Human Geography, but rarely provide a detailed overview of particular concepts, their premises, development over time and empirical use. Research monographs most often focus on particular issues and a limited number of concepts at a very advanced level, so do not offer an expansive and accessible overview of the variety of concepts in use within a subdiscipline. The Key Concepts in Human Geography series seeks to fill this gap, providing detailed description and discussion of the concepts that are at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in contemporary Human Geography. Each book consists of an introductory chapter that outlines the major conceptual developments over time along with approximately twenty-five entries on the core concepts that constitute the theoretical toolkit of geographers working within a specific subdiscipline. Each entry provides...
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...,This report has been prepared as input to the 2012 World Water Week and its Special Focus on Water and Food Security. Feeding a Thirsty World Challenges and Opportunities for a Water and Food Secure Future RepORT 31 Copyright © 2012, Stockholm International Water Institute, SIWI ISBN: 978-91-978846-5-5 ISSN: 1404-2134 How to Cite: Jägerskog, A., Jønch Clausen, T. (eds.) 2012. Feeding a Thirsty World – Challenges and Opportunities for a Water and Food Secure Future. Report Nr. 31. SIWI, Stockholm. Cover photo: iStockphoto Design by Britt-Louise Andersson and Elin Ingblom, SIWI Printing by Elanders, Mölnlycke, Sweden. The printing process has been certified according to the Nordic Swan label for environmental quality. For electronic versions of this and other SIWI publications, visit www.siwi.org. Feeding a Thirsty World Challenges and Opportunities for a Water and Food Secure Future Note to the Reader Today, in 2012, nearly one billion people still suffer from hunger and malnourishment, in spite of the fact that food production has been steadily increasing on a per capita basis for decades. Producing food to feed everyone well, including the 2 billion additional people expected to populate the planet by mid-century, will place greater pressure on available water and land resources. This report provides input into the discussions at the 2012 World Water Week in Stockholm, which is held under the theme of Water and Food Security, and was edited by Anders Jägerskog...
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...1 INTRODUCTION Nigeria as a nation is a democratic country with over 170 million people. With a presidential system of government. It comprises of 36 states and 777 local government area. The connection between Nigeria and China dates as far back to 1971. At the same time when penning this thesis the president of Nigeria is in china to expand this relation. The Chinese Ambassador in Nigeria, once said sometime last year that China and Nigeria have longstanding relations that dates back as far as 45 years. Nigeria is China second biggest trade partner in engineering in Africa. It supposed that by the end of next year our relations of trade will be as high as $13 billion China is still to build a world renowned company like General Electric and Apple. The impression most of the foreign countries have of china is that their business men and entrepreneurs are out to gather wealth, rather than for business strategy, innovation and style of administration. But yet china has one of the most effective business management approach in the 21st century. The Chinese administration cannot be like the Japanese six sigma or invent new management technique, but offers more skills of business management than companies more occidental could offer. The Chinese businesses offer administration's common imperatives: responsiveness, improvisation and flexibility. These competencies supplies them a critical facet. The Chinese Companies have discovered to handle differently over the past 30...
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...Journal of Business Venturing 27 (2012) 266–290 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Business Venturing International entrepreneurship research in emerging economies: A critical review and research agenda Andreea N. Kiss a,⁎, Wade M. Danis b, 1, S. Tamer Cavusgil c, 2 a b c Global Economics and Management Department Faculty of Economics and Business University of Groningen, 800 Postbus, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands Peter B. Gustavson School of Business, University of Victoria, P.O. BOX 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC Canada V8W 2Y2 J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Institute of International Business, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3989, Atlanta, GA 30303-3989, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This article systematically reviews and critically examines international entrepreneurship research in emerging economies (IEEE research), and articulates its importance, timeliness and relevance in consideration of the growing influence of emerging markets in the global economy. A systematic analysis of eighty-eight journal articles published over the last two decades reveals that IEEE research is a vibrant and rapidly growing stream of the broader international entrepreneurship (IE) domain, and that it is methodologically and topically diverse. Our review also shows that IEEE research has a limited presence in premier journals, is highly skewed in its geographic coverage, and is somewhat fragmented. We therefore inventory...
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