JAPAN
Japanese is the sixth most spoken language in the world, with over 99% percent of the country's population using it.
Non-verbal communication
Since the Japanese strive for harmony and are group dependent, they rely on facial expression, tone of voice and posture to tell them what someone feels.
They often trust non-verbal messages more than the spoken word as words can have several meanings.
The context in which something is said affects the meaning of the words. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the situation to fully appreciate the response.
Frowning while someone is speaking is interpreted as a sign of disagreement.
Most Japanese maintain an impassive expression when speaking.
Expressions to watch out for include inhaling through clenched teeth, tilting the head, scratching the back of the head, and scratching the eyebrow.
Non-verbal communication is so vital that there is a book for 'gaijins' (foreigners) on how to interpret the signs!
It is considered disrespectful to stare into another person's eyes, particularly those of a person who is senior to you because of age or status.
In crowded situations the Japanese avoid eye contact to give themselves privacy.
Japanese Hierarchy
The Japanese are very conscious of age and status.
Everyone has a distinct place in the hierarchy, be it the family unit, the extended family, a social or a business situation.
At school children learn to address other students as senior to them ('senpai') or junior to them ('kohai').
The oldest person in a group is always revered and honored. In a social situation, they will be served first and their drinks will be poured for them.
Meeting Etiquette
Greetings in Japan are very formal and ritualized.
It is important to show the correct amount of respect and deference to someone based upon their status relative to your own.
If at all possible, wait to be