...the army, for various reasons. Britain’s were very patriotic and wanted to proudly represent their country! Others were simply afraid of receiving a white feather from the women. After 3 weeks of training they were sent up the line towards the front. The soldiers slept in dugouts which were of shocking condition. Why were the German dugouts better? – Because they could keep the land they’d already won which meant they had more time to make their trenches more ‘luxurious’. Each soldier had morning duties including Stand-To, refilling sandbags, repairing duckboards, cleaning out the latrines etc. During the soldiers spare time they would write letters back to Britain to tell their relatives how they are. The Defence Realm Act made sure all letters written must be censored before being posted off. Soldiers could not complain about the trench life! Other than writing home, another activity to do in spare time was to read the Wiper’s Times with their comrades. This newspaper made funny jokes especially about leaders. This temporarily relieved the soldier’s worries and as well as bringing cheer to their hearts, helped them to see the funny side of things. A second Stand-To is held at sunset when the light is completely gone and just like at dawn, the soldiers stand on the fire-step with rifles and bayonets to prevent unexpected enemy attacks. After it is safe to ‘stand-down’ a few soldiers still remain on alert if they have been ordered to stand on sentry duty for a couple hours. If...
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...arms fire into the mist to their front, which made doubly sure of safety at dawn. Breakfast and Weapon Cleaning Following stand to the men would have their breakfast and clean their weapons. Breakfast would be brought up in containers from the field kitchens and the weapon cleaning would be done in shifts, with only a portion of the men cleaning their weapons at any one time. Inspection Breakfast would be followed by the daily inspection by the Platoon Officer and Sergeant. Weapons would be checked to ensure that they were clean and serviceable as would the men's clothing. Often this inspection would include a ‘foot inspection' looking for signs of ‘trench foot'. Trench Foot was a medical condition peculiar to trench life. It was a fungal infection of the feet caused by cold, wet and unsanitary trench conditions. It could turn gangrenous and result in amputation. Some 20,000 casualties...
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...hell pages 263-281 Lyn Macdonald Films used to show the troops in a good fun light masking the true events of the Somme, people getting anxious since some films were not as censored and families would start to worry especially when half the post home was censored with loads of the letter written off. There was photographers which both to pictures and filmed live events at the Somme which had a significant event on those families back at home since the films had portrayed for so long how the fight was a winning battle and that everything was fine from living conditions to casualties. For the first time the people of Britain are witnessing the true extent of war. The camera men would take pictures of the aid posts as well as the trenches which for families and new enlists was a terrible sight and worried the nation. The photographers were wary at the time that maybe it could cause a big scene back in Britain. The generals said that the push towards the line led to so many disappointments but yet no one stopped the tactics. There was said to be the first use of tanks on the Somme which was a turning point tin the tactics and the push became easier and was the success and edge needed for no mans land. Letters and diaries from the soldiers showed the boost in moral with the tanks and how Germans were terrified of these machines of the fields and that soldiers had stepped up there fighting and German soldiers lost moral. The book also mentions the tanks were brilliant for getting across...
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...Nicole Johnson 05 April 2012 Western Civilization 2 The Great War The war was supposed to be short, and be one of great movement like many other wars. However, it was characterized by its lack of movement instead. These standstill years were represented on the Western Front from October 1914 to March 1918. There was some movement on the Western front during these years though. The war began with movement by the Germans advancing throughout Belgium and France. Quickly though stalemate and trench warfare became the way of the war. Life in the trenches during the war varied between different fronts and sectors. But what was it really like for the men fighting in the trenches? Why were so many people unprepared for the outbreak of the war in 1914? The last time there had been such a huge conflict between nations dated back to the days of Napoleon. People did not expect one assassination to explode into a full-blown war. The conflicts between the initially involved nations had existed for many years, and it was assumed the assignation would merely lead to political, diplomatic negotiations. However, some argue that people were in fact prepared for the war. The only part that people didn’t expect was how the Germans attacked. When the Germans went through Belgium, this brought Great Britain into the war since they had ensured Belgium’s independence. Why did so many people expect a short war in 1914? Why wasn’t it short? Many world leaders felt the war would be...
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...The trenches are horrific, disgusting, and extremely unhygienic, as always. Pests and rodents constantly roam around freely, especially giant rats. Oh, those disgusting excuses for living things; they are horrific! I have witnessed one with my own two eyes, it was the size of our cat, Mittens! And all these men…we do not wash ourselves because of the limited access to running water and we do not have the time to worry about hygiene. Toilets are these large buckets that are put in side trenches, but we don’t always use them because we are left vulnerable to enemy attack. So, many of us relieve ourselves right where we are, and it is gross, I know, but necessary. The trenches reek of the smell of unwashed humanity every day, and it makes me want...
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...Brittany Prunsky Episodes of World War I The Christmas Truce of 1914 “Christmas Eve was, in the way of weather, everything that Christmas Eve should be’. Christmas Day itself was a perfect day. A beautiful, cloudless blue sky. The ground hard and white ... It was such a day as is invariably depicted by artists on Christmas cards - the ideal Christmas Day of fiction. And indeed, the curious manifestations taking place along considerable stretches of the British front that day had a look of the most surprising fiction” (Terraine). The wonderful events that occurred over the Christmas holiday of 1914 revealed to all that the human spirit seems to have a way of peaking through at rather disastrous times showing that even in times of chaos, a glimmer of hope can be seen through the compassion that humans undoubtedly possess. This was proven true during one of the most violent and fatal wars in history. World War I, also known as The Great War, spanned from 1914 until 1918 experiencing around 37 million war casualties (“First World War Casualties”). During the horrors of the war, an almost unexplainable incident occurred; the Christmas Truce of 1914, which restored a bit of hope in many men living in hopelessness. Neither a civilian nor a soldier during World War I could have anticipated the Christmas Truce of 1914 due to its story like characteristics. Although at times seen as merely a myth or a small incident blown widely out of proportion, this truce absolutely...
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...that killing the enemy is the right thing through his certainty in his remark. In the opening of the extract it is clear that Crude has great confidence in the success of the bombardment believing "never a German can live over that side" due to the British high command portraying that there would be no Germans alive come the time of the attack due to their heavy bombardment on their trenches. The attitude of the high command is also prevalent in the 'Birdsong' by Sebastian Faulks as the character of Colonel Barclay gives an inspiring speech to the soldiers before the attack claiming the German "dug out [had been] obliterated" and "his defences shattered", providing the men with great confidence and enthusiasm which is reflected in Weir's letter home as he...
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...After four months of training, on October 21, we went into combat. We were all sent to different French trenches but luckily I was still with my friends when they separated us. It was a scary day. We all saw how hell war is and all of the deaths. So much blood and guts everywhere. It was very shocking and very graphic. It’s something I wish I can erase from my memory and never re live again. A month into being in the trenches, we started getting used to it. The blood and guts everywhere was daily thing and it was unusual not seeing it. We started to get used to all the people in our trenches and tried starting conversations with the french which got awkward at times. We also got used to shooting our guns and how to survive and live in a trench. Everything started getting easier and easier little by little. After three months passed, on January 20th, my best friend, Frankie, got killed. It was probably the most saddest days of my life. Frankie was such a great friend, he was someone I was able to talk to about anything. He even saved my life once. I was about to get stabbed by a German troop and Frankie was able to shoot him on time. I felt so alone after his death. I had no one to talk to anymore. I hated war after what happened to my best friend Frankie. Yeah, I saw people on my side get killed left to right but I never really felt bad. Dang it a french right next to me got shot in the head and his blood splattered all over my face and I still didn’t care, it didn’t make...
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...History Assessment: How Has WW1 Been Remembered? WW1 has, and always will be seen as one, if not the most significant war in all of history. One of the reasons for it being such a tragic event was that it was deemed at the time to have been ‘the war to end all wars,’ however that tragically was not the case. World War One was caused by several contributing factors, which resulted on Britain declaring war on Germany. They are: The alliance system, Imperialism, The Naval Race, The Schlieffen Plan and finally, the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. 1. The alliance system: At the end of the 19th century, alliances were made between countries. The alliances were formed so that if any of the countries in an alliance went to war, the other countries would have to help the country that had gone to war. At this point, there were two major alliances. The first consisted of Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy, named the Triple Alliance. The other, made up of Britain, France and Russia, was named the Triple Entente. As these alliances were formed, there became immediate friction between the two alliances, as each one tried to overpower the other. 2. Imperialism: At that time, Kaiser, as well as the rest of Germany wanted a vast empire, like the British. Although they had the money as well as the resources, they had nothing to show for it. Kaiser wanted Germany to have access to raw materials and new markets. He also wanted to give Germany more respect. This angered Britain as Germany were...
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...Home Poetry Book Contest Poetry Book Contest Brick Road Poetry Book Contest Michael Meyerhofer was selected as the winner of the 2010 Brick Road Poetry Book Contest for his manuscript entitled, Damnatio Memoriae. The 4 additional finalists were: Rupert Fike, Lotus Buffet Grey Held, Two-Star General Jamie Thomas, Etch and Blur Toni Thomas, Chosen Jason Schossler, Mud Cakes (scheduled for publication elsewhere) 4 of our finalists, all but Jason Schossler, are scheduled to be published by Brick Road Press. *** The first place winner receives a publication contract with Brick Road Poetry Press and $1000 prize, publication in both print and ebook formats, and 25 copies of the printed book. We may also offer publication contracts to the top finalists. Adhere to all the "general submission" manuscript guidelines. (provided below) Entry fee $25, payable through the online submission manager. If sending hard copy, please include a Check or money order to "Brick Road Poetry Press, Inc." Deadline: November 1, submission accepted starting August 1. Submit via the Brick Road Poetry Press Submission Manager Manuscript Guidelines * Book-length poetry manuscripts only. * Simultaneous submissions accepted, provided we are immediately informed if the manuscript is accepted elsewhere. * Original collection of 50 to 100 pages of poetry, excluding cover page, contents, acknowledgments, etc. * Single sided, single spaced. We prefer no more than one poem...
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...Transmittal letters often accompany reports and inform readers of a report's context. Typically, the letter includes information not found in the report. For example, the letter contains information about the particular project and/or due dates. A Transmittal Letter is a business letter and should be formatted accordingly; that is, you should include the recipient's address, your address, a salutation and closing. Depending on the project, you may also need to include contact information. Always check with your instructor to determine whether or not you should attach a transmittal letter to your report. In Finance, a Letter of Transmittal is a document used by a security holder to accompany certificates surrendered in an exchange or other corporate action. A Letter of Transmittal may also be a distribution list with the recipients of a memo, report or contract. A transmittal letter accompanies a document and explains what the document is, why it should receive the reader's consideration, and what the reader should do with it. A transmittal or cover letter accompanies a larger item, usually a document. The transmittal letter provides the recipient with a specific context in which to place the larger document and simultaneously gives the sender a permanent record of having sent the material. Transmittal letters are usually brief. The first paragraph describes what is being sent and the purpose for sending it. A longer transmittal letter may summarize key elements...
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...four chapters of coursework covered in the textbook and three of the assignments identified on the on-line WebCT page. The course of instruction is now 37.5% complete. Work Completed The work that has been assigned since the beginning of class, August 20, 2012, has been on time and organized. I have been busy with the work that has been assigned and have been studying to keep up. Assignments The first assignment was the tone assignment, the second was the e-mail assignment, and the third was the business letter assignment. These three assignments are outlined in the table below indicating the date each was due and the grade received. Each of these assignments was submitted before the due date and great effort was put into each one as demonstrated by my grades. I am steadily improving and have made a goal to get a 50/50 on an assignment. Assignment |Date Due |Grade | |Tone |August 30, 2012 |40/50 | |E-mail |September 7, 2012 |41/50 | |Business Letter |September 14, 2012 |45/50 | | Quizzes The quizzes that have been assigned have been completed on time. The three quizzes completed are outlined in the table below indicating the date due and the grade received. Each of the quizzes that were completed before the due date. I have put much effort into each quiz and I make sure that I dedicate the same amount of studying time for each one. Quizzes |Date Due |Grade | |1 |August 30, 2012 |30/30 | |2...
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...Setting up Lightroom 5 * Click the icon located in the center of the Desktop. * Once open tether the camera to Lightroom 5. Click File > Tethered Capture > Start Tethered Capture (Note: make sure the camera is connected to the usb cable and computer. * The Tethered Capture Settings window will open. I have already set up where it will be save. Just click ok. * You will notice a new pop up. Check to ensure that the camera is noticed. If it isn’t noticed it will look like the screen below. Take a practice shot. You should notice a new photo popped up in the bottom of the screen in the thumbnail section. * Make sure that you are in the Print Module. Located in the top right side of the screen. * Once in the Print Module look at the center left side of the screen. You will see Template browser. Under Users Templates will be the different settings. All of the photo, with the exception of the 8.5 x 11 size prints will be on 5 x 7 paper. * Once you pick the photo size look at the gray screen where the portraits display. On the top left side of the gray screen will be some text that start with Page 1 of 1. Below the Page 1 of 1 text look to see if the paper size is correct for the template you selected. Then look below the size and ensure that the Canon Printer is listed. Note if any other printer is listed, you need to call me. * Once the size is picked, look at the lower right of the screen and click Print. Clicking...
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...Prior to the beginning of World War I the attitude toward war was extremely positive. People were excited about the war and they greeted it with enthusiasm. In Europe they were told it was going to over by Christmas so people weren’t expecting it to be long nor brutal for that matter. The press romanticized the war with various propaganda; so many men enlisted and were very proud to serve. They viewed it as they were going to be heroes and a victory was on its way; and no men wanted to miss the action. War made people, men and women, feel very nationalistic for their country, thus making them eager to contribute as much as they could to the war effort. Some men felt war was going to be a “great adventure” and gave “the war an ideal and almost romantic character”. All of Europe also helped romanticized the war and heroism because the people no experience with a long bloody war, they didn’t know what to expect. Contributions other than enlisting in the war were numerous. They men and women wanted to help out with the war effort for their country because it made them feel proud and integrated with the war. Some people contributed with food rations and where they donated food to the soldiers. Others planted victory gardens and some women took over the jobs the men did. Women also joined the Red Cross to help out in the war. The wealthier people donated money to the war effort so they could contribute in a way. In that early stage of the war they didn’t know how bad, long and bloody...
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...Six Young Men In 'Six Young Men' by Ted Hughes, a photograph is used to explore a more personal view of the effects of World War 1. This poem is about a group of six young men in an old photograph before they go off to fight in world war one. The photo was took in Cumbria, Lumb Falls. The men are all smartly dressed in the picture, there is now a memorial plaque in place. He explores the horror's of death in World War One. In this essay i intent to discuss the experiences and difficulties these men had to face. This poem covers the horror's of the first world war and what pain the six young firends faced, and how fragile life really is. I am going to show how Ted Hughes uses repetition and alliteration to describe the background. The first way in which Hughes sets the scene to show the horror's of war is alliteration to emphasise that the men all had friends and their own family, Ted Hughes want to show that people loved them. For example he uses "Shoe's Shine" to show they were ready and excited for life. We quickly realised that they are not going to survive as Hughes quote's in his last line, "one's own body from it's instant and death." In stanza 2 and 3, Hughes compare's the contrast of the horrors of war by starting by saying details about them but in Stanza 2 he makes us relise the reality by telling us how nice it is back home, "bulberried bank", this contrasts with Stanza 3. In Stanza three Hughes says, 'From potting at tin-cans in no-man's land, fell back dead'...
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