...disasters is named as Tsunami. The word Tsunami is of Japanese origin meaning harbor waves. However, that Tsunami name is discouraged by many scientists claiming that Tsunamis are not tidal waves and are not caused by tides. Tsunami strikes have number of causes out of which the most common cause is “earthquake or a shift in the Earth’s tectonic plates. It is a wave of ocean caused by an earthquake, sometimes these waves are high, but not in all cases (Bryant, 2014). The enormous amount of water is taken by Tsunami to towns that destroy everything in its way. Tsunamis are also caused by underwater volcanic eruptions. The explosion that takes place under the water can cause gas and dust during eruption. Similarly earthquake under the water causes the great waves by pushing the large volumes of water to the surface above. Earthquake or volcanic eruption under water can cause pressure to be released into a large body of water and shifts Entire Ocean as well. This huge surge of water is then pushed up towards the nearest land. Usually earthquakes that occur on the seafloor or in the coastal areas cause Tsunamis. The energy that is generated by the earthquake is then transmitted through the water causing twelve inches sea waves (generally). This height goes unnoticeable because of low height but when this energy reaches the shallow waters of bays, harbors or coastline, it transforms the water tides into giant waves. Cosmic collisions can also cause Tsunamis. When the meteors or...
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...Lessons Learned A triple disaster occurred on March 11, 2011 in japan. On this date Japan suffered not only an earthquake but a resulting tsunami and nuclear disaster that caused extremely unsafe conditions for Japan’s citizens. On the day of March 11, 2011 an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 struck Tohoku with great aggression which lead to an enormous Tsunami that devastated large areas of japan. Not only did the earthquake cause massive destruction to the island, it also caused a nuclear disaster that we still don't realize the effects that it caused. As a result of this disaster, japan has learned some very valuable lessons. One lesson that japan learned is make use of cloud computing. After japan’s tsunami, most of their data stored on servers was destroyed due to water damage. From recent speculation japan decided to take advantage of cloud computing so that if another disaster were to occur they would still have access to their data from a different location in the world. Another lesson Japan learned was that natural disaster can be very overbearing and they should not be underestimated and should be taken with precautions, Sea walls are meant to decrease damage not fully protect you. If japan’s citizens knew this fact they could have taken further actions to protect themselves and their family and friends. In the future japan can learn from these mistakes and takes actions and precautions faster so that lives can be saved. Another lesson learned is that there...
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...Nadir Berrada Geological Science March 5th, 2013 Tsunamis: A deeper look into Bayona’s movie “The Impossible” A tsunami, or “harbor wave” in Japanese, is describes as the result of a sequence of water waves which is caused by the upset, or displacement, of a massive volume of a body of water, usually either an ocean or a vast lake. The awareness for tsunamis has risen tremendously as they have become less rare in the current and previous century. As this destructive force has made a great impact in today’s talk over natural disasters, scientists all over the world, media, as well as Hollywood directors have all decided to dig deeper into tsunamis. This paper will discuss the numerous scientific principles that cause tsunamis to occur, various effects of these seismic sea waves, different methods on how they can be prevented, the impact of recent tsunamis had around the globe, and finally how the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was portrayed in Juan Antonio Bayona’s movie, “The Impossible”. There are four possible elements that cause a tsunami to form. These factors, from most likely to occur to least likely respectively include, earthquakes, submarine landslides, submarine volcanic eruptions, and large meteorites crashing in the ocean (Magnus). In order to better comprehend the causes that make a tsunami, it is important to have a better knowledge about earthquakes. Earthquakes are formed alongside certain faults, which are fractures in the Earth’s crust. As these fractured plates...
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...The word tsunami is derived from a Japanese word which means harbor wave. English also explained that the tsunami, better known as tidal waves. The tsunami wave is actually a big wave incident that can bring a lot of destruction and damage to property which may lead to changes in the natural landscape so devastated by this disaster. Tsunami waves also an incident where these events happened so fast and so we are not able to fight it, as this is usually strong waves could reach very high altitudes. Tsunami can be formed anywhere no matter whether in the ocean, inland sea and others. Each continent that existed in this world needs to know about the rate of frequency and the shape of its own to determine whether it is the kind of tsunami in the form of small or large tsunami. Most tsunamis are frequent in the Pacific Ocean that covers one third of the earth's surface and it also has been surrounded by a range of contiguous ranges, and ocean basins is also significant in island arc volcanic areas are often the onset of an earthquake. Among the events that have...
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...Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides 52 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission TSUNAMI RISK ASSESSMENT ANDMITIGATION FOR THE INDIAN OCEAN KNOWING YOUR TSUNAMI RISK – AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT June 2009 UNESCO 1 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides 52 knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; The designation employed and the presentation of material throughout the publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO in particular concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or the delineation of its frontiers or boundaries. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this manual and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Designer: Eric Loddé For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as follows: Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it IOC Manual and Guides No. 52, Paris: UNESCO, 2007 (English). Printed by UNESCO (IOC/2009/MG/52) © UNESCO IOC 2009 Tsunami risk assessment and mitigation for the Indian Ocean; knowing your tsunami risk – and what to do about it 3 Table of contents Acknowledgement ...........................................
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...events.From tsunamis in Thailand to sri Lanka.These are people who went through horrible things just to get to safety.This is how tsunamis tear people apart.What would you do if you were in a tsunami. An inspirational event from Feldt family’s story of surviving a tsunami. This family went thru a lot to stay alive and trying to hold on to hope. It all started with a peaceful family vacation to Phuket, Thailand for a christmas. It quickly changed on December 26, 2004 when a tsunami hit the resort they family was staying in. The family was separated the whole time during the disaster. At the end the family was reunited after about a week of trying to survive. Soon after be reunited they were soon back home after having medical attention. An inspirational event from Louis Cryer, his mother Zoe, and his brother Felix’s tsunami story is when the family struggles to stay alive, but managed to do so by reaching high ground together and even saving a disabled women. Louis Cryer states “Buildings were collapsing around us. We made a run for higher ground that had become a makeshift safe refuge area. People came up from the temple with dead...
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...One of the most recurring natural disasters are tsunamis. A tsunami is an array of waves which are caused by the displacement of a large volume of water. The water is usually from oceans or lakes and do not resemble normal sea waves, because their wavelengths are very long. Tsunami is a Japanese word, which means harbour wave. One of the most well known tsunamis was located in parts of Southern Asia and Indonesia, on the 26th of December, 2004. It is commonly known as the Boxing Day Tsunami and was listed as one of the most deadliest natural disasters recorded in...
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...boring. But I was proved amiss. As I keep looking on the scenes I get started to like it. Its drama really melts my heart. The adventure is very intense. It’s like watching a horror movie but in fact it is not. You get shouted, shocked, and amazed in every big scene, like when a big cargo ship stuck on the bridge and the man is trying to evade the falling cargo containers from that. Luckily he survived to that enormous challenge. The movie ends with the scene of Hyundai in ruins, but in an atmosphere of hope. Sometimes we need to follow our instincts. We must take a perfect action in making decisions in life. Like of what had happened to the City of Hyundai, many people killed, streets, bridges and buildings were vanished away by the tsunami in just seconds. We must also take salute to those people who are willing to offer their life for the sake of others. I desire that this movie will inform our government. They should construct strong policies concerning about our environment. May they shall take active actions in accomplishing better devices that will greatly help us in warning millions of people if ever there would be some instances that this kind of tragedy will happen to our loving country. Because nobody know when the nature will take revenge upon us. Be watchful, disciplined, and love our nation. Don’t wait for the time our Mother Earth will say “SORRY, IT’S TOTALLY...
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...------------------------------------------------- 2003 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI ------------------------------------------------- REPORT ------------------------------------------------- BY Ray Ha ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- A OVERALL INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------- The Indian Ocean Earthquake happened in December 24th, 2004. The main ------------------------------------------------- places the ocean earthquake and tsunami stroke was the border of the India Ocean Plate and the Asian plate. This huge disaster came completely unexpected and caused GREAT suffer for Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, India, Maldives and many more South Asian countries, in both population and economy. From the statistics due to January 10th, 2005, the Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami had whirled away 156 thousand lives, most experts point out that this might be the most disastrous Tsunami that has ever happened in recent 200 years....
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...struck Japan, Friday afternoon, on 11 March 2011 at 0546 GMT * The quake was centered 130 kilometers to the east of Sendai. * A tsunami was sent crashing into the country’s north-eastern coast. * It was originally reported at a magnitude of 7.9, but later was upgraded to 8.9 and then to a 9.0. * It lasted 6 minutes. * That makes it the fifth largest recorded worldwide since 1900, according to the U.S. Geological Service, larger than the 7.9-magnitude Great Kanto Earthquake that devastated Tokyo in 1923 or the 6.8 magnitude quake that hit Kobe in 1995. * It had 10,000 times more energy than the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand, which struck 17 days earlier The Cause * Japan is located on the east edge of the Eurasian Plate. * The oceanic Pacific Plate subducts the Eurasian Plate. * This plate margin is “destructive” – it is not a smooth process, friction is present and the plates stick. * When the plates stick, tension builds up. * When this pressure builds up and is released, it causes a rapid shift in the plates and a lot of energy to be release, in this case about the same as the annual energy output of the UK. Impact * Japan was largely prepared for the earthquake and many buildings remained standing afterwards, but it was not prepared for the subsequent Tsunami. * A tsunami warning extended to at least 50 nations and territories, as far away as South America. * Damage was caused in Tokyo and many injuries...
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...The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was a megathrust earthquake that occurred underneath the ocean floor. The earthquake occurred sortly after christmas at 00:58:53 UTC on Sunday, 26 December 2004, with an epicenter off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake and the tsunami has various names, including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, South Asian tsunami, Indonesian tsunami, and the Boxing Day tsunami. The earthquake was caused by subduction and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing over 230,000 people in fourteen countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 meters or 98 ft. high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand. The megathrust earthquake was unusually large in geographical and geological extent. An estimated 1,600 kilometres of fault surface slipped (or ruptured) about 15 metres along the subduction zone where the India Plate slides under the overriding Burma Plate. The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over a period of several minutes. First the seismographic and acoustic data indicate that the first phase involved a rupture about 400 kilometres long and 100 kilometres wide, located 30 kilometers beneath the sea bed—the largest rupture...
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...absence of limiting factors leads to high levels of primary productivity and the energy produced leads to high levels of biodiversity. Conversely, where limiting factors are strongly evident, e.g. in cold temperatures such as the Arctic, arid regions like deserts, darkness, etc. this will lead to low levels of biodiversity. The size of the area is another key factor, as the larger the continuous area the more species that can flourish in it. Hence the recent ‘size matters’ mantra, and the creation of huge transnational conservation areas such as the Peace Parks of Africa. Locally, there are numerous factors that may have an impact on biodiversity: • Disturbance from a natural disaster e.g. hurricanes, volcanoes, tsunamis on both land and ocean ecosystems, Asian tsunami 2004 – destroyed some mangrove forests • Quasi-natural disasters, e.g. wildfires (Victoria, Australia 2009), hunting, fishing, slash and burn farming • Eutrophication from high-tech agricultures Physical factors Human factors • Climate, e.g. temperature, rainfall, amount of light (limiting factors) • Latitude, altitude and gradient • Nutrients – vegetation and rate of nutrient recycling • Topography – age and size of the area being investigated • Island • Endemism • Climate change • Level of protection or management • Level of poverty • Exploitation of fauna and fauna: hunting, fishing, over-harvesting • Clearance – agriculture,...
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...nuclear power plant resulted in loss of electricity, disabling of emergency generators and the disabling of the diesel generators that normally kept down the cooling system and it wasn’t quite successful in providing water and food supplies for people because it was contaminated. The International Atomic Energy said in a statement that “diesel generators that normally would have kept cooling systems running at Fukushima had been disabled by tsunami flooding”. Some people are still debating on whether or not they should accept any food product from Japan. Imports of raw beef from Japan, including premium Kobe beef, have been suspended since last April, because of concerns about foot and mouth disease, according to a spokesman for the United States Department of Agriculture. Poultry and egg imports are barred because the Agriculture Department has not determined that Japan has a sufficient inspection system for those products. Transportations services were shut down during this incident. People were trying to make their way out of this huge disaster but it was not successful. “I never experienced such a strong earthquake in my life,” said Toshiaki Takahashi, 49, an official at Sendai City Hall. “I thought it would stop, but it just kept shaking and shaking, and getting stronger.” This earthquake destroyed families property, disrupted their power, moved their homes, interrupted everyday interaction. When people are in real danger it is not that easy to get away. A lot of people...
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...Right after christmas day also known as boxing day, a huge disaster happened. On of the worlds most deadliest tsunamis hit the indian ocean. This tsunami came to a shock because there was not many if any signs that a tsunami was coming. Even though this tsunami happened around 14 years ago it still has been affecting the places they were hit at. The hardest hit and most severely affected countries were India, Indonesia, because there was not many if any signs that a tsunami was coming. Even though this tsunami happened around 14 years ago it still has been affecting the places they were hit at. The hardest hit and most severely affected countries were India, Indonesia, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Malaysia, Myanmar, Seychelles, Somalia...
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...H. Reid Miller Geo- 380 Bob Dziak Cascadian Tsunami "Barely had they set foot in the city in mourning the death of their benefactor, they feel the earth shake beneath their feet, the sea rises bubbling in the harbor, and breaks the vessels that are to anchor. Swirls of flames and ashes covered the streets and public places; houses collapsed, roofs are reversed on the foundations, and foundations disperse, and thirty thousand inhabitants of all ages and sexes were crushed under the ruins, said the sailor, whistling and swearing: ʽ There will be something to win here. - What can be the sufficient reason of this phenomenon? said Pangloss. - Here is the last day of the world!’ Cried Candide” (Voltaire, 1759 translated by Google translate) Some of the first descriptions of tsunamis are grim at best this excerpt came from Voltaire’s Candide a French satire published during Europe’s Age of Enlightenment. This gives a chilling view of Lisbon on All Saint’s Day (November first) in 1755. What had occurred is a 200 km offshore 8.5-9.0 magnitude earthquake that resulted in a large-scale tsunami and rampaging fires, effectively killing thousands of people. This is one of the deadliest tsunamis recorded in history, but how do tsunamis function and what do we know about their inner workings. Tsunamis since the early 1600s have been synonymous with some form recording of “shaking of the earth”. Very rarely do you see other forms of tectonic activity such as volcanic eruptions...
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