...Financial Statement Differentiation – Individual Paper Mary Lou Gasca Accounting ACCT/561 March 18, 2013 Moises Rodriguez Financial Statement Differentiation – Individual Paper Financial statements are tools that people use to evaluate the potential of a business’ organization. There are four types of financial statements for two main types of users (internal and external), which is beneficial, depending on the type of business (sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation). Regardless of the type of business, financial statements assist in making business decisions for internal and external users. Internal users are the business managers, owners, and an organization’s personnel who contribute to the operations of the business. External users are creditors, investors, and individuals of interest for the business (customers, for example). Financial statements also assist in identifying, depending on the nature of the business, an organization’s resources, profits, debts, business creditability, and financial health of business activities. The four types financial statements, which report financing, investing, and operating...
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...True/False Questions 1. A Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR) would include an introductory section, management's discussion and analysis, basic financial statements, required supplementary information other than MD&A, combining and individual fund statements, narrative explanations, and statistical section. Answer: True 2. The three major sections of a CAFR are the Introductory, Financial, and Statistical sections. Answer: True 3. The introductory and statistical sections of a CAFR are required to be audited. Answer: False 4. State and local governments are not required to prepare a CAFR. Answer: True 5. Combining statements are required whenever a non-major column is used in one of the fund financial statements. Answer: True 6. A complete CAFR includes combining financial statements to reflect major funds. Answer: True 7. In addition to the government-wide statements, governments are required to prepare fund financial statements for governmental, proprietary and fiduciary funds. Answer: True 8. In addition to the government-wide statements, governments are required to prepare fund financial statements for governmental funds only. Answer: False 9. The General Fund is not always considered to be a major fund when preparing fund basis financial statements. Answer: False 10. With respect to fund basis financial statements, governmental funds are considered to be a major...
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...Financial Statements Paper Thomas Hastings ACC/290 April,11,2012 Rolland Roup Financial Statements Paper In the accounting world there are four different financial statements. These financial statements provide a very wide amount of information which is very valuable information to internal and external users in many different types of companies. These four financial statements are the balance sheet, income statement, retained earnings and statement of cash flow. These four financial statements form the backbone of financial accounting. (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2009) Each of the four financial statements has its own use’s within accounting and each provides different and very crucial information to its proper user’s. The first financial statement is the balance sheet, the balance sheet shows a picture at a point in time of what your business owns (its assets) and what it owes (its liabilities). The second financial statement is income statements show how successfully your business performed during a period of time, it reports revenues and expenses. The third financial statement is retained Earnings are used to indicate how much of the previous income was distributed to you and the owners of your business in the form of dividends, and how much was retained in the business to allow future growth. The fourth financial statements is statement of cash flow is to show where your business obtained cash during a period of time and how that cash was used. (Kimmel,...
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...Chapter 1 Multiple-Choice Questions |1. |Recording, classifying, and summarizing economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial | |easy |information for decision making is commonly called: | |c |a. finance. | | |b. auditing. | | |c. accounting. | | |d. economics. | | | | |2. |In the audit of historical financial statements, which of the following accounting bases is the most common? | |easy | | |c |a. Regulatory accounting principles. | | ...
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...Chapter 1 Multiple-Choice Questions 1. easy Recording, classifying, and summarizing economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial information for decision making is commonly called: c a. finance. b. auditing. c. accounting. d. economics. 2. easy In the audit of historical financial statements, which of the following accounting bases is the most common? c a. Regulatory accounting principles. b. Cash basis of accounting. c. Generally accepted accounting principles. d. Liquidation basis of accounting. 3. easy Any service that requires a CPA firm to issue a report about the reliability of an assertion that is made by another party is a(n): b a. accounting and bookkeeping service. b. attestation service. c. assurance service. d. tax service. 4. Three common types of attestation services are: easy a. audits, reviews, and “other” attestation services. a b. audits, verifications, and “other” attestation services. c. reviews, verifications, and “other” attestation services. d. audits, reviews, and verifications. 5. (SOX) easy The organization that is responsible for providing oversight for auditors of public companies is called the ________. d a. Auditing Standards Board. b. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. c. Public Oversight Board. d. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. 6. (SOX) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act applies to which of the following companies? easy a. All companies...
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...What are Audited Financial Statements, samples and Templates? Posted on January 7, 2012 Financial statements are one of the most important aspects of a business. There are several types of financial statements, with the three main ones being receipts and payments account, balance sheet and expenditure account. Forming and managing such accounts require a high level of knowledge and expertise, and that includes the analysis of financial states. Let’s take a quick look at financial statements of companies. An Overview of Financial Statements Financial statements, as mentioned below, are mainly of three types. Each of these types of statements- balance sheet, income and expenditure account, and receipts and payments account, are formulated by the company. At the end of the fiscal year, the reports are sent to auditors and then checked. If the company runs a number of entities, then it forms financial statements that applicable to the group of entities under the control of the parent entity. This kind of a financial statement is known as consolidated financial statements. The principles and procedures for preparing and presenting such financial statements are different from that of a single company’s financial statement. Problems and Issues in Financial Statements There are several common issues related to financial statements that necessitate the need for an audit report. In a receipts and payments statement, a common issue seen is that of loan transaction omissions. These...
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...FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Financial Statement Analysis The process of determining financial strengths and weaknesses of a firm by establishing strategic relationship between the items of the balance sheet, profit and loss account and other operative data. Financial Statement Analysis Metcalf and Titard:It is a process of evaluating the relationship between component parts of a financial statement to obtain a better under standing of a firm’s position and performance. Financial Statement Analysis Purpose:To diagnose the information contained in financial statements so as to judge the profitability and financial soundness of the firm. Types of Financial Analysis On the basis of: The materials used. The modus operandi of analysis – i.e., the method of operation followed in the analysis. Types of Financial Analysis On the basis of materials used: External analysis. Internal analysis. Types of Financial Analysis On the basis of materials used: External analysis. • This analysis is done by outsiders who do not have access to the detailed internal accounting records of the business firm. (Investors, creditors, government agencies, credit agencies and general public.) Types of Financial Analysis On the basis of materials used: Internal analysis. • This analysis is conducted by persons who have access to the internal accounting records of a business firm. (Executives and employees of the organization and government agencies which have statutory powers...
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...Financial Accounting ACCT212 – Week 1 Live Lecture Goals of this Week’s Lecture • Present you with the information you need to begin succeeding in Financial Accounting • Provide a forum for question and answer regarding this week’s material • Begin satisfying our weekly TCO and key concepts ACCT212 Week 1 Lecture 2 How to be Successful? • All the information you need to be successful in this course comes from four primary sources: 1. 2. 3. 4. Your textbook eCollege This lecture, and Your instructor ACCT212 Week 1 Lecture 3 Financial Accounting – Week 1 • • • • • • • • • • Terminal Course Objective for the Week Key Concepts of the Week Business Decisions Accounting is the Language of Business Accounting Principles and Concepts The Accounting Equation The Financial Statements Relationships Among Financial Statements Account Types Getting Started on Project 1A ACCT212 Week 1 Lecture 4 TCO of the Week • TCO 1: “Given financial statements, explain the financial statements’ purpose and components relative to accounting history, assumptions, concepts, principles, and standards.” ACCT212 Week 1 Lecture 5 Key Concepts of the Week • Use accounting vocabulary • Learn accounting concepts and principles • Apply the accounting equation to business organizations • Evaluate business operations • Use financial statements ACCT212 Week 1 Lecture 6 Business Decisions • Suppose you are an investor with $10,000 to invest in any company you choose...
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...ACC 410 Assignment 1 Financial Statement / Audit Report Review Follow Below Link to Download Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/acc-410-assignment-1-financial-statement-audit-report-review/ For More Information Visit Our Website ( https://homeworklance.com/ ) Email us At: Support@homeworklance.com or lancehomework@gmail.com Assignment 1: Financial Statement / Audit Report Review Due Week 4 and worth 240 points Select one (1) local government in your state or area and review the financial statements and audit report for the county or municipality. The financial statements of the government you selected should have at least three (3) funds. Refer to the continuing problem homework for Weeks 1 through 3 for this assignment. Write a three to five (3-5) page paper in which you: 1.Compare and contrast the comprehensive annual financial report (CAFR) of the selected local government entity with the city of Austin report from Week 1 homework. In your comparison, include: a.Publication method of the CAFR b.Audit and budget information in the CAFR c.The type of audit report issued d.Existence or non-existence of an internal audit function within the government entity 2.Prepare the analysis for the selected local government entity, including information on the introduction, financial section, and statistical section prepared in the city of Austin’s CAFR from chapter 2. 3.Analyze the methods used by the selected local government entity in comparing...
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...1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Financial analysis is the starting point for making plans, before using any sophisticated forecasting and planning procedures. Understanding the past is a prerequisite for anticipating the future. Financial analysis is the process of identifying the financial strength and weakness of the firm by properly establishing relationship between the items of the balance sheet and the profit and loss account. Financial analysis can be undertaken by management of the firm, or by parties outside the firm, viz. owners, creditors, investors and others. The nature of analysis will differ depending on the purpose of the analyst. 1. Investors: Who invested their money in the firm’s shares, are most concerned about the firm’s earnings. They more confidence in those firm’s that show steady growth in earnings. As such, they concentrate on the analysis of the firm’s present and future profitability. They are also interested in the firm’s financial structure to that extent influence the firm’s earning ability and risk. 2. Trade creditors and financial institution: they are interested in firm’s ability to meet their claims over a very short period of time. Their analysis will, therefore, confine to the evolution of the firms liquidity position. And the financial institutions are interested in the financial statements of the borrowing concern to ascertain its short- term as well as long-term solvency and also it profitability. 3. Suppliers: On the other hand, are concerned...
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...audit Material misstatement: A misstatement in the financial statement can be considered material if knowledge of the misstatement would affect a decision of a reasonable user of the statement. Third party liability: A situation in which one party is held partly responsible for the unlawful actions of a third party. Independence in fact: Independence in fact exists when the auditor is actually able to maintain an unbiased attitude throughout the audit. The auditor’s ability to take an unbiased viewpoint in the performance of professional services. Competence of evidence: The degree to which evidence can be considered believable or worthy of trust. Acceptable audit risk: It is a measure of how willing the auditor is to accept that the financial statements may be materially misstated after the audit is completed and unqualified option has been issued. Evidence: Evidence is any information used by the auditor to determine whether the information being audited is stated in accordance with established criteria. Compliance audits: It is a type of audit that determines whether the audited is following specific procedures, rules or regulations set by some higher authority. Audit manual: Resources or guidance used by auditor to conduct an audit. Teeming and lading: It is a type of fraud that involves the crediting of one account through the abstraction of money from another account. An attempt to hide missing funds by delaying the recording of cash receipts in a business's books...
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...Introduction to Accounting and Financial Reporting for Governmental and Not-for-Profit Entities 1–3.Matching. Place the abbreviations corresponding to the appropriate reporting attribute(s) in the spaces provided for each financial statement. Include all that apply. Activities or Funds Basis of Accounting Governmental activities—GA Accrual—A Business-type activities—BTA Modified accrual—MA Governmental funds—GF Measurement Focus Proprietary funds—PF Economic resources—ER Fiduciary funds—FF Current financial resources—CFR (1) Activities or Funds Reported, (2) Basis of Accounting, (3) Measurement Focus Financial Statements Statement of net assets – government-wide: (1) GA & BTA (2) A (3) ER Statement of activities – government-wide: (1) GA & BTA (2) A (3) ER Balance Sheet – governmental funds: (1) GF (2) MA (3) CFR Statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balances – governmental funds: (1) GF (2) MA (3) CFR Statement of net assets – proprietary funds: (1) GA & BTA & PF (2) A (3) ER Statement of revenues, expenses, and changes in fund net assets – proprietary funds: (1) GA & BTA & PF (2) A (3) ER Statement of cash flows – proprietary funds: (1) GA & BTA & PF (2) A (3) ER Statement of fiduciary net assets: (1)...
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...informed decision on which type of lease is best for your company. Capital Leases A capital lease emulates an installment purchase of an asset. This type of lease transfers the benefits and risks associated with ownership of an asset to the lessee (Schroeder, Clark, & Cathey, 2011). According to ASC 840-10-25 (FASB, 2009) (IAS 17), a lease must meet at least one of the following four criteria to be considered a capital lease: a. Ownership is transferred by the end of the lease agreement. b. There is a chance to purchase at a bargain price. c. The length of the lease is 75% or more of the assets life. d. The sum of the minimum payments, calculated at present value, exceed 90% of the assets fair value. Criteria c and d do not apply if the term of the lease begins in the final 25% of the assets useful life. Two Types of Capital Leases There are two types of capital leases concerning the lessor; direct financing and sales-type leases. For a capital lease to be considered a direct financing or sales-type lease, according to ASC 840-10-25 (FASB, 2009), both of the following must be true. a. There must be reasonably predictable collectability of the minimum lease payments. b. There must be no uncertainties regarding the amount of un-reimbursable costs resulting from the lease yet to be incurred by the lessor. If these requirements are met, and the lessor is a dealer or a manufacturer the lease would be considered a sales-type lease. Otherwise, if...
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...Financial Statements Leslie Johnson January 31, 2010 ACC/280 Principles of Accounting Accounting is a systematic proocess that identifies, records, and communicates the economic events of an organization to interested users (Weygandt, 2008). The financial information gathered is used to determine a company’s financial status and provide reports and insights needed to make sound financial decisions. The purpose of accounting is to provide economic financial information for investor, creditors, and other external users. Accounting identifies and records all activities that effect the organization financially. Accounting is a means of communicating the numbers. The three basic activities in accounting identify, records, and communicate the economic events of an organization to interested users (Weygandt, 2008). One example of an economic event is telephone service is provided by Verizon. Once the company has identified the economic event, it is recorded in order to provide a history of the organizations financial activities. The accounting process includes the bookkeeping function that usually involves only the recording of economic events (Weygandt, 2008). Collectively, accounting involves the entire process of recording, identifying, and communicating economic events. Management uses accounting information in planning, controlling, and evaluating business operations. Other groups that use accounting information are tax authorities, regulatory...
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...Abstract The City of Troy’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for 2011 is analyzed. It is content the evaluation of efficiency and effectiveness of the CAFR, comparison of the current year result and performance with the prior result and performance, assess of financial condition, assess of financial operations, compliance with the budget, and overview of Management Discussion and Analysis. Also discussed in this analysis, the auditor’s comments and recommendation about independence, scope, and opinion; and also my recommendation. At the end of this analysis, included the City of Troy’s last 2 year’s performance analysis. Evaluation of Efficiency and Effectiveness At the end of 2011, The City of Troy had $330.4 million invested in a broad range of capital assets including land. Building, police and fire equipment, water and sewer lines, roads, sidewalks, and other infrastructure, net of debt. The increase in capital assets during the year was attributing to the excess of additional in streets, drains and water/sewer systems over the recognition of depreciation. The City of Tory’s debt rating is excellent. The City maintains a AAA rating on unlimited tax general obligation bonds by Standard and Poor’s. The City of Troy’s bond indebtedness totaled $42.8 million at June 30, 2011 a decrease of $4.4 million from the prior year resulting from debt retirement payments. The General Fund receives all City of Troy revenues not designated for special uses by statutes or the City...
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