...Sexual offenders cannot be profiled with any degree of accuracy. Even the majority of sex offenders cannot be generalized to a single profile (Bartol & Bartol, 2014, p. 348). The only thing that all sexual offenders have in common is that they are sexual offenders. The term sexual assault is any sexual contact or behavior that occurs without consent; this is inclusive of rape, child molestation, and more. Rape is considered a Part 1 Crime while sexual offenses are considered a Part II crime (Bartol & Batrol, 2014, p. 6). According to the UCR, rape makes up 3.5% of all Part I crimes (Bartol & Bartol, 2014, p. 17-18). However, this statistic may not be accurate due to the underreporting of sexual offenses. This paper aims to discuss the classification...
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...Sex Offender Minority in Criminal Justice February 6, 2012 Submitted by: Sherry Gadson Instructor Shawnna Williams Abstract Growing up never knowing the different cases of sex offenders, became astonishing to me. I was surprise when I heard about A person that I grew up with was on television for committing a sexual assault on a minor. This same person grew up with my nephew Tory. Throughout the years, growing up this person became a problem with the law from teenage to adult years. He has been charge with several crimes. You would think having to be incarcerated for more than five years at a time one will learn what is best for them. However, it is hard to know what one goes through in their mind. It could have been something he has witness or even went through as a child. One thing for sure is we know he has a problem with society A sex offender (also sexual offender, sex abuser, or sexual abuser) is a person who committed a sex crime, although what constitutes a sex crime differs by culture and by legal jurisdiction. In most jurisdictions, offenses include child sexual abuse, downloading child pornography, rape, and statutory rape. In much of the United States, public urination, mooning, streaking, and the failure to prevent one's own teenage children from engaging in otherwise consensual sexual activity also, result being designated as a sex offender, requiring registration as such in publicly available, online lists. The term sexual predator is often used to...
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...Serena Manfredy Probation & Parole Research Paper: Supervision of Sex Offenders Sex offenders are a highly diverse group of people, but all are individuals who have at least one of the following crimes in common: have committed violent sexual assault on a stranger, have had inappropriate sexual contact with a family member, have molested a child or any other inappropriate and criminal sexual behavior. What constitutes a sex crime differs by culture and legal jurisdiction. The majority of convicted sex offenders have convictions for crimes of a sexual nature. Some of the crimes which usually result in a mandatory sex-offender classification are sexual assault, statutory rape, rape, sexual harassment, prostitution, and pedophilia. Currently, in the United States there are a total of 722, 499 individuals who are registered sex offenders, some of these individuals being juveniles. However, this number does not include offenses that have not been reported. Research shows that a lot of cases go unreported which can deem inaccurate numbers regarding the amount of sex offenders. Victims of sexual offenses often feel a plethora of negative feelings following the crime, including guilt, and this can account for some of the underreporting. There are subcategory designations sex offenders can fall into that classify them into levels depending on the severity of the crime. They are then registered and put under special conditions they must abide by for...
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...COM/172 August 25, 2014 Charlotte Babb Children Sexually Abusing Children Parents not only have to worry about adult sexual predators, but also have to worry about adolescent social offenders-which is on the rise. The background has a lot to do with how a child turns out. The fact that both male and female juvenile sexual predators exist is horrifying by itself. The sexual behavior that leads to sexual abuse can start as young as six years old (Smith, B. 2007, September 19). The thought crosses the mind of all parents. How do they protect their child? Unless they plan on following their child everywhere they go, they can only teach them and watch for the signs of both child predators and their victims. Everyone has to wonder what could cause one child to abuse another child sexually, and if they even understand the consequences of their actions. What will happen to the juvenile offender, will they get off with therapy, or will they go to prison to pay for their crime? The younger offenders are getting therapy while the older predators are going to juvenile detention centers or even to prison. When a child relapses a second time, the child could be sent to a child detention center, jail, or a mental hospital for the safety of the public. Most people are not exactly sure what child on child sexual abuse consists of. The fact is that child on child sexual abuse is when a younger child is sexually abused by one or more older children without consent and without any adult involvement...
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...new phenomenon there has been a dramatic increase in the concern of this problem over the last two decades. As the number of juvenile sex offenders arrested increases, the recognition of it as a serious issue also increases. The anxiety over juvenile sex crimes has led to a wide variety of research being conducted to determine if there are antecedent traits in offenders. The tremendous data collected and analyzed to try to understand the factors leading a juvenile to sexually violate has piloted a wide range of theories and also much disagreement among professionals about the appropriate consequences a violator must face. The basic uncertainty of who a juvenile sex offender is can often be difficult to resolve. The fact is that demographically almost anyone has the likelihood to be a youthful offender based on physical traits alone. Currently it is estimated that juveniles account for up to one-fifth of the rapes, and one-half of the cases of child molestation committed in the United States each year (USDJJD, 2000). Reaching a statistical strategy based on demographics is nearly impossible considering that juvenile sexual offending appears to cross racial and cultural boundaries, as well as have no significance in relationship to the religious preference of the perpetrator. It is also notable that you can find juvenile offenders in all socioeconomic class levels. The statistics provided by the United States Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention shows...
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...Failures among Sexual Offenders. This journal article is about what causes sexual offenders to reoffend. This article highlights two possible factors as to why recidivism is so high among sexual offenders; Static factors and dynamic factors. Static factors are unchangeable characteristics about a person (i.e. age, previous convictions). These factors work against the person as far as an inability to change their past or class. Dynamic factors are potentially changeable (i.e. levels of empathy, pro-criminal attitudes). These work for the criminal being as they can change their future, attitude, and decisions with counseling or rehabilitation. Other factors that have been researched in this article that have contributed to recidivism of sexual offenders are; race, having previous convictions, age and offender type (adult or child). As far as race goes, the overall findings did not “qualify a specific race”, but did find that being white did decrease the chances of recidivism and that blacks have a higher rate of recidivism than whites by 35%. Those with previous convictions seem to reoffend as well. Many sexual offenders have between one and four convictions, with several having more than four. Age and offender type seem to be predominantly middle age males of all races. Child offenders are low and so are female offenders. This article claims registration failures correlate to higher rates of recidivism. Successful registration of sexual offenders is the best...
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...evidence to support this claim. In many cases recidivism has decreased with the proper assessment and treatment. Our country has an overzealous sex crime legislation dating back to the 1880s. In the United States there are three types of legislation dealing with sex crimes. The first was pre-World War II when offenders were subjected to indefinite institutionalization and sterilization. These policies were jointly influenced by the fields of sexology and eugenics (Ordover, 2003). Sexologists promoted the view that minor forms of sexual misbehavior would predict future sexual violence and homicide (Jenkins, 1998), whereas eugenicists promoted the view that criminal behavior was genetically determined (Ordover, 2003). Both of these fields developed the view that sexual offending was considered intractable, resistant to change and escalating, therefore, new legislation was established to enact extreme interventions by institutionalization offenders. In order to keep society safe from future exposure and danger from an offender’s offspring thus forced sterilization (Letourneau, 2013). This method has large economic costs to our government in funding for the physical care and procedure costs, which outweigh the benefits for this treatment. The offender and his family had to endure his physical and mental costs from the sterilization. Sterilization poses numerous...
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...Criminal Law CRJS205 3/30/2012 Abstract When someone is attacked it is a very traumatic experience, a lot of the time the sexual assaults go unreported and the offenders are left to do this again. We need to educate women and even men when it comes to sexual assault; this is not a crime that just needs to be pushed aside. The offender can be punished for the crime and set in prison so they can think about what they did and how it affects the victim. We will look at how you can take the offender to civil court and even sue for damages and possible prison time. If you are over eighteen it is your choice whether you report a sexual assault or sexual abuse to the police. There is no time limit for when you can make a report it doesn't make a difference if it happened 2 days ago or 20 years ago. However, the sooner you report the better, because it may be harder for the police to get enough evidence to lay charges as time passes. The consensus among scholars and laypersons is that domestic violence and sexual assaults are hidden from society’s view because most incidents are not reported to the police ( Frieze & Browne, 1989; Herzberger, 1996; Pagelow, 1984). If you decide to report to the police, it is a good idea to talk to people you trust beforehand to get support. You can ask for a female police officer if you’re a woman if that will make you feel more comfortable. You can take a support...
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...she has plenty of neighborhood friends in her age group. While getting into your car driving to work, your little child walks to the bus stop at the corner of your house and waits for the school bus. Now watching the news later on that day, you hear a story on sex offenders. So with that said, you go on sexoffender.com, put in your zip code and finds out there’s is a convicted sex offender that lives right next to you! What do you do then? I believe chemical castration should be mandatory for every recidivist convicted sex offenders, that’s living in our...
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...Imagine for a moment picking up the morning newspaper, and the headlines proclaim that the current problem of Sexual offending, specifically child molestation has been solved. Unfortunately this is not the case, and sexual offending is an issue that plagues many members of society today. Many proposals have been submitted, acts of legislation passed, but sexual offending is still happening within our world today. This paper will further examine preventative actions that can be taken to reduce child molesting by educating children on the facts of molestation, actions of adolescent sexual offenders, what they should do if faced with an actual molestation situation, and the importance of background checks while also exploring approaches aimed at reducing recidivism rates from the clinical, justice, community protection, and community reintegration model, by combining preventative action, and recidivism reduction to solve the issue of sexual offending , specifically Child molestation. The offenders targeted within this category of sexual offenders are child molesters. Child molesters can be defined as individuals who have a greater sexual interest in children, and sexual activities with children (Canter & Kirby, 1995). Child molesters are offenders who target children, and engage in sexual activity with them. The first measure of prevention and possibly the most important is educating children on the facts of molestation, including molestation by adults, molestation by youth...
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...All sexual predators should pay for the crimes they do. They all should be sentenced jail time and some sort of treatment. They should all be able to get evaluated by a professional to see if they can get some kind of help. These types of things are very serious and should be handled properly. I’m against all things that’s dealing with sexual assault no if, ands or buts about it. I’m against sexual assault of all kinds towards minors as well as adults. It’s no right in the situation and we should have our voices heard to enforce the punishment for sex offenders. Sexual assault is something that is not consented to the other person. It’s basically unwanted sexual activities that someone do to another human. Most of the sexual assault cases has...
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...dad standing in the doorway with a strange look in his eye. In the moments to come, the innocence of a precious child will be destroyed forever. Studies show that two out of ten girls and one out of ten boys will be sexually abused before their fourteenth birthday, and children that are abused are much more likely to be abused by a family member or close friend not a stranger off the street. While child molestation is a common phrase used by the media and public when discussing sexual abuse of children, the actual crime is called child sexual assault. The National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect defines child sexual assault as “contacts or interactions between a child and an adult when the child is being used for sexual stimulation of the perpetrator or another person when the perpetrator or another person is in a position of power or control over the victim.” These “contacts or interactions” include inappropriate physical contact, forcing a child to view pornography or people performing sexual acts, using a child in making pornography, and exposing an adult’s genitals to a child. When referring to a child, it is generally considered anyone under the age of 14. Children in their teens are less likely to be sexually abused, and the age of consent starts to come in to play in some situations. The crime rates for child molestation are hard to determine. The definition used to...
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...Polaschek and King (2002) proposed individualised rehabilitation programs for violent sexual offenders (rapists), based on the parallels with general offender groups such as non-sexual violent offenders. Since these treatment program types are so rarely reported on it may be salient at this point to assert that the literature identifies a significant correlation between sexual offences by violent offenders. Lievore, (2004) suggests that clarification must be drawn to the point that some authors contend that frequencies of violent behaviour amongst sexual offenders are predominantly by violent offenders who also offend sexually. However a different set of processes contributes to sexual and violent recidivism. Moreover, designers of treatment...
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...Do female sexual abusers escape with lighter sentences just because they are females? I think the term "sex offender" is a very large term that makes a big deal of different types of crimes. For example, imagine a 18 year old college student while at a drunken party decides to have sexual relations with his 16 year old girlfriend who is also drunk, but "consented”, would be labelled a "sex offender" the next morning when her father finds out and the police press charges. That 18 year old is now a RAPIST and sex offender for life and on equal grounds with a 60 year old pedophile who spent 30 years in prison for actually raping a 9 year old girl! Are these two people "morally" equal? One is a sick pervert who raped a kid and the other is a kid who made a mistake in his youth and suffered the consequences from it. People don't consider these things when they see the term "sex offender". The common thinking is that if you've seen one sex offender, you've seen them all. Except when it comes to females. Going back to the party scenario, if boyfriend and girlfriend are both drunk and have sex, the male is always guilty of rape but the female for some reason isn't. After all, the male was drunk so technically he couldn't "consent" either right? So why is it that HE raped HER and not the other way around? Aren't they guilty of the same crime? The fact is, society doesn't take women seriously as sex offenders and we don't even...
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...HEAD: Sexual Predators Sexual Predators Wm. Michael Barber Criminal Law & Procedure CRJ 306 Martin McAuliffe February 18, 2013 Sexual Predators The State of Pennsylvania like so many other states has passed laws the focus on the civil commitment of predators after their criminal commitment is finished. Our statute, like several other states, now calls for the involuntary civil commitment of sexual predators that have been determined to have a psychological or behavioral abnormality that makes these individuals engage or be predisposed to engage in some type of sexually deviant or predatory acts. This paper will focus on implementation and development of the Pennsylvania laws dealing with sexual predators and how the state is moving forward to cope with this issue. Civil confinement of violent sexual predators is very controversial in forensic psychology and psychiatry. Even with the controversy, lawmakers in many states have passed laws requiring the civil commitment of inmates that suffer from psychological and behavior abnormalities and a past of committing sexual offenses. Most states call for inpatient confinement in facilities that are secure. Pennsylvania would rather focus on a model that is designed for outpatients. Pennsylvania has a very tough approach on crimes that are determined to be sexual in nature. The state legislature went as far as to pass a law that called for the death penalty for those that are determined to be repeat offenders. Unfortunately...
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