...Fall Why Appropriate U.S. Intervention in Foreign Policy is a Necessity for Global Peace In recent times it has become clear that trust of the United States’ ability to foster and produce peace is at an all-time low. In fact, it has recently been reported by The New York Post that a Gallup poll which analyzed data collected from 66,000 people polled in 65 countries that the U.S. is considered to be more threatening to peace efforts than Pakistan, Iran, and China combined, “Of the 66,000 people polled, just under a quarter named Uncle Sam as the greatest threat to world peace,” (New York Post, 2014). While this data sheds a frightening light upon the global opinion of the U.S.’s ability to act as successful peacekeepers, and due to many of the blunders experienced during Bush’s presidency, it is understandable as to why faith in the U.S. has diminished. However, both recent and historical data points towards the contrary, and instead has shown the importance of U.S. intervention in maintaining peace and showing the world that violations of human rights will not be tolerated. Therefore appropriate U.S. intervention within certain foreign policies is a necessity for global peace. Due to the U.S. maintaining one of the world’s largest militia in non-war times it is imperative that the United States’ military be involved in global efforts to foster and maintain peace when necessary. Many countries do not have the capability to defend themselves and the U.S. can aid these countries...
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...To: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton From: Chad Meyer, Country Desk Officer for Qatar Re: Recommended U.S. Foreign Policy towards Qatar Date: October 22, 2012 Overview of Qatar Qatar is a peninsula located in the Persian Gulf. This small country used to be known as a pearling state and has grown into one of the largest oil and natural gas producers in the world. The government is a monarchy and has been ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid 1800’s. The current Emir is HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani who took power from his father in 1995. The previous Emir was crippling the economy by siphoning off oil revenues; HAMAD overthrew his father in a bloodless coup and then filed a lawsuit requiring him to pay back the money he had taken from the country. The case was settled and HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani stayed in power. In 2001, Qatar settled a land dispute with Saudi Arabia with the help of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Since this time, Qatar has managed to stay out of the conflicts that have plagued the region as of late. Recently, Qatar has become the world’s wealthiest country in terms of GDP. In 2011, they passed Luxembourg with a per capita GDP income totaling $102,700. The country has plans to continue growth, announcing a plan to invest $60 billion in infrastructure and will host the 2022 World Cup. The country is expecting 18% to 20% growth in the economy as they near the World Cup. This type of growth...
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...The Misconceptions of the U.S. Containment Foreign Policy The United States was a phenomenal success at containing communism after 1945 as long as one considers not falling into communism itself. The United States may have dodged the mighty communist virus but that doesn’t mean they succeeded in stopping it from infecting other areas of the world. The U.S. failed to stop the expansion of communism to any efficiency. Not only did all of Eastern Europe fall to communism, but the most populous nation on Earth, China, also fell to communism as well (Indirectly taking with it north Korea and Vietnam). The United States didn’t fully eliminate communism either. The U.S. gained a communist satellite 90 miles out of its boundaries, Cuba. It is clear that American foreign policy lacked to tackle its target of containment. One big step in the U.S. containment foreign policies’ failure was the promoting of N.A.T.O. This contributed to the communist expansion in 1949. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, as it stood for, was comprised of the major W. European powers and the United States. Although this organization’s intentions were good, it backfired. Instead of preventing communist expansion, the organization forced a paranoid Soviet Union to flex its muscles. In 1955, to counter the N.A.T.O. buildup, the U.S.S.R. created The Warsaw Pact. The U.S.S.R. formed an equal alliance with Eastern European nations. The Warsaw Pact shrouded virtually all of Eastern Europe in the Iron Curtain...
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...different than what our government contract asked us to do. Although I have always been loved my country, I had one thing that kept going through in my mind every day when I was held as a hostage: failed foreign policy. We knew each one of us were victim of the U.S. foreign policy; Government knew this incident could happen. They might not have known that there will be a hostage crisis, but it was apparent they knew something was going wrong. Even until these days, I see there was tension between Iran and the U.S. which started from a bad beginning. As a person who felt the diplomatic failure in a physical form such as hostage crisis, I know the Iran hostage crisis is what triggered the U.S. to approach other states with various foreign policies. At least, there has not been any more hostile events like the one we had to go through. The day started as just a normal day of November. The sky was blue and air was crisp. It almost feels like being in home, I thought. It already has been six months since I have been working at the embassy in Tehran. After graduating from college, I decided to work for foreign affairs and applied for a job in foreign policy department. As a new employee at the department, I didn’t have many options to choose from. One of my options was to work in U.S embassy in Tehran, Iran. At first, I thought this was a great idea. Considering the fact that this embassy was one of the places that most employees ddi not want to go, I was almost positive I would get...
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...Following the events of the Civil War, America secluded itself from other nations; a policy of remaining apart from political affairs with other countries, identified as isolationism. Whereas in the late 1800s, the advancing industrialization encouraged in developing relationships with other countries and the United States became internationally involved. Nonetheless, it applied foreign policies to guide those interactions. Foreign policies are requisite for treating international matters of interest strategically to benefit the country in return. In which the cooperation with allies will protect us from future wars and aid in survival. Besides, it promotes trade between nations, thus improving its financial revenue. The modification of foreign...
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...economy to more of a consumption model. It needs to be mindful about funding its state-owned enterprises, about subsidizing state-owned companies. It needs to lessen its reliance on low-end manufacturing and move up the value chain. By the way, these aren’t my observations; these are observations by Chinese leadership. If you follow any Chinese leader’s speech on China’s economic transformation, these are the points he’ll make. We would call that market rationalism or just normal evolution as a country rises to middle-income status. But there are also some countervailing impulses. There’s a strong streak of economic nationalism; there is a desire to promote national champions; there are protectionist impulses; and investment barriers—the policies called indigenous innovation, where China looks for ways to highlight or promote local companies at the expense of international competition. The fundamental economic question is: Will market rationalism prevail over these kinds of distortions, whether you call them...
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...the American population. Although determined, the Bush administration left their allies on the sideline; where they felt obligated to respond and defend the homeland, which clearly displayed one difference in the U.S. and European view of security. In the summer of 2002 in an article Policy Review by Robert Kagan, he stated, “ It is time to stop pretending that Europeans and Americans share a common view of the world, or even that they occupy the same world” (Gordon, P. H, 2003). Cultures and generations have enforced and reinforced the values and belief systems that either population (American and European) have passed down from generation to generation to their children. Although Robert Kagan shared his views in the article, it is safe to say his perceived structure is not destiny, but should not be ignored. (Gordon, P.H. 2003). Apart from many other differences, which differentiate the two countries on each side of the Atlantic, the question remains going forward is that “Can we work together?” or “Can our European allies be replaced?” The foreign policies of both countries play an important role in determining those factors. According to Lambert (2003), a unified Europe faces serious problems, when it comes to developing a coherent approach to foreign policy. The...
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...Foreign Policy Module Summative Assessment Question 1: Foreign policy must be formulated in accordance with the national interest’. Evaluate this claim which is attributable to realist thinking on foreign policy. * * According to realist thinking on foreign policy, international relations and politics are formulated in accordance with national interest. This presupposes that the key actors in International Relations are sovereign states that behave similarly regardless of their type of government. As well, a state of anarchy is at the fundamental core of this argument and national interests of egoistic states as the main outward presence in international realm. Classic Realism, originally emerged from the European concert of aristocratic diplomacy. By evaluating this claim, this essay will reassert the position and importance of Offensive and Defensive Realism in our contemporary post 9/11 world. These are respectively neoclassical realism and neorealism. Firstly, a detailed account of realism will be produced highlighting the emergence of national interest as the fundamental feature or goal of sovereign states. This is done either through the maintenance of a status quo or aspiration of accumulating influence. It will be concluded that Defensive Realism or neorealism is the principal theoretical sub-school in according this claim any legitimacy. Secondly, a general evaluation of neorealism in post 9/11 world will be provided; and a comparison, and ultimately an...
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...the presence of a non-immediate threat—often an adversary “crossing a particular threshold of military power, leading to a stop-level power shift” (Levy, 7). He goes on to discuss that since the advent of nuclear military developments, the majority of wars have been preventive. This argument is logical because as the stakes are raised, states have the responsibility to their constituents to mitigate threats; citizens are much more willing to tolerate smaller skirmishes than risk the threat of an over-militarization of another state with different social and political values, beliefs, and goals. This theory has been manifested in my lifetime by the U.S. military presence in the Middle East and sanctions on Iran, who have strived to develop their capacity for nuclear warfare in recent years. While there is a myriad of reasons for U.S. military occupation of Iraq, Afghanistan, and other Middle East nations, the threat of nuclear development in Iran has played a major role in...
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...Q.6) Highlight various approached of policy evaluation. Summative and formative evaluation Two types of evaluation that are commonly used in government are summative and formative evaluation. Summative evaluation, which is sometimes referred to as impact evaluation, asks questions such as: What impact, if any, does a policy, programme or some other type of government intervention have in terms of specific outcomes for different groups of people? It seeks to provide estimates of the effects of a policy either in terms of what was expected of it at the outset, or compared with some other intervention, or with doing nothing at all (i.e. the counterfactual). Formative evaluation, which is sometimes referred to as process evaluation, asks how, why, and under what conditions does a policy intervention (or a programme, or a project) work, or fail to work? These questions are important in determining the effective development (i.e. formation), implementation and delivery of policies, programmes or projects. Formative evaluation typically seeks information on the contextual factors, mechanisms and processes underlying a policy’s success or failure. This often involves addressing questions such as for whom a policy has worked (or not worked), and why. Q.7) ‘Policy proposals are identified through different techniques’. Discuss. Policy proposals are identified by many techniques and it depends on the views, issues regarding the policy to be made and implemented. Huge use of quantitative...
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...guidance they have imparted inside and outside the classroom were always valuable. I would like to express my warm gratitude to the Department of Foreign Affairs for giving me the chance to train under their prominent institution. I also like to thank Mr. Dong Munar, the practicum supervisor for all the trainees for his constant assistance throughout my training. I would also like to thank the Property, Maintenance and Transportation Division for a generous welcome and for teaching me a lot as I train under their department. I am also grateful to my office supervisor, Miss Nena Enano who is always there to support and oversee me all the time. I am very thankful to all my superiors in our office for being such a professional mentor and a virtuous acquaintance at the same time. I would also like to acknowledge my parents for their unwavering love and support as I undertake this summer practicum. They always serve as inspiration in everything that I carry out in life. At the very last, I want to thank God, for allowing me to experience such a wonderful opportunity in my life. His love and guidance is felt and appreciated all the time. 2330 Roxas Boulevard Pasay City Philippines (632) 834-4000 www.dfa.gov.ph LOCATION MAP Historical Background The history of the Republic of the Philippines and that of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) are intertwined. The important events marking the...
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...in a variety of issues around the world and displays high levels of internationalism.. Therefore foreign policy must be formed very strategically to promote government interests. Currently, one of the main issues being faced around the world is a terrorist group known as ISIS or ISIL. The radical islamic group has been making demonstrations of their power for a few years now. Using violent tactics such as mass public murders, and executions which are often filmed and put on the internet as propaganda. Some of those videos were analyzed in the video The...
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...Terri Samuels Current Events and US Diplomacy Strayer University December 8, 2012 Abstract In the history of diplomacy and political thought in general, nothing can influence objectives of the states more dynamically than changes in the international relations and progress of the process of globalisation. In this context, American diplomacy is not an exception. In the previous paper, Eisenhower’s Doctrine was analyzed by its essence and objectives in the framework of the requirements of the international relations and possible threat for the national security. The main aim of the present paper is to view American diplomacy in its evolution from Eisenhower’s approach to the modern diplomatic doctrine. Key words: global responsibility, supremacy, US diplomacy, the Cold War, Poland. Current Events and US Diplomacy In the history of diplomacy and political thought in general, nothing can influence objectives of the states more dynamically than changes in the international relations and progress of the process of globalisation. In this context, American diplomacy is not an exception. In the previous paper, Eisenhower’s Doctrine was analyzed by its essence and objectives in the framework of the requirements of the international relations and possible threat for the national security. The main aim of the present paper is to view American diplomacy in its...
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...The impact of domestic determinants on foreign policy has long been a widely debated topic in the field of international relations, and foreign policy analysis in particular. Some scholars argue that domestic politics and foreign policy are two independent arenas of issues. Others believe that the two respective issues do not stop at the water’s edge. Foreign policy and domestic politics are interdependent and could spill over into each other. While both schools of scholars make some convincing arguments about their respective cases, it’s probably reasonable to expect that the degree of influence between domestic and international determinants of foreign policy is contingent on different foreign policy contexts. In some cases, international factors play a more important role, whereas in other cases, domestic reasons are more important. In this presentation, I put forth a conglomeration and an intellectual web analysis in examining the domestic determinants of national foreign policy. Prior to reaching this goal a definition offered by Webber and smith in 2000 on foreign policy is stipulated. The interpretation of domestic determinants as illustrated by Sulliban is furthermore encapsulated. According to Webber and Smith, A country's foreign policy, also called the international relations policy, is a set of goals outlining how the country will interact with other countries economically, politically, socially and militarily, and to a lesser extent, how the country will...
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...is needed to accomplish global peace and security. The author includes how Barack Obama’s administration has tried to involve women in foreign affairs. She also states that Hilary Clinton’s goal is to advance the status of women all around the world to be unified in all aspects of U.S. foreign policy. Verveer claims the World Economic Forum found an improved economic competitiveness in countries where women and men relish equal rights than those where women have restricted access to education, medical care, or politics. The author claims that the United States past diplomacy and development efforts were directed in a method that was gender neutral centered. She also states that women could be a recovery tool in the climb out of recession. Veerveer explains that women still lack access to capital, credit, and training. Throughout this article she uses claims to addresses the lack of equality, respect, and justice that women endure. In “Why Women Are a Foreign Policy Issue,” Melanne Verveer uses ethical, emotional, and logical appeal to support her claim that the most pressing global problems will not be solved without women’s participation. The author applies her credibility through the use of ethical appeal to prove her correlation with the subject and to build trust in the information. In her introduction she announces herself as the U.S. State Department’s ambassador at large for global women’s issues. This is a...
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