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Unit 8 Terms

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Unit 8 terms 1. Potable- drinkable, that is, free from harmful chemicals and organisms. 2. Freshwater- water that flows from the land to oceans and contains little or no salt. 3. Domestic- household use. 4. Tidewater- the water that flows up the mouth of a river as the ocean tide rises or comes in. 5. Food chain- the interdependence of plants and animals for food constitutes. 6. Universal solvent- a material that dissolves or otherwise changes most other materials. 7. Water cycle- the cycling of water among the water sources, atmosphere, and surface areas. 8. Desert- areas with continues severe water shortages. 9. Irrigation- the addition of water to plants to supplement the water provided by rain or snow. 10. Precipitation- the formation of rain and snow. 11. Evaporation- changing from a liquid to a vapor or gas. 12. Water shed- a large land area in which water is absorbed from rain or melting snow. 13. Water table- the level below which soil is saturated or filled with water. 14. Fertility- the amount and type of nutrients in the soil. 15. Free water- water that drains out of soil after it has been wetted. 16. Gravitational water- feeds wells and springs. 17. Capillary water- plant roots can absorb or take up this moisture. 18. Hydroscopic water- water that is held too tightly for plant roots to absorb. 19. Purify- to remove all foreign material. 20. No-till- planting crops without plowing or disking the soil. 21. Contour- following the level of land around a hill. 22. Cover crop- a close-growing crop planted to temporarily protect the soil surface. 23. Port- a town having a harbor for ships to take on cargo. 24. Aquifer- a water-bearing rock formation. 25. Sheet erosion- removal of layers of soil from the land. 26. Gully erosion- soil removal that leaves trenches. 27. Mulch- a material placed on soil to break the fall of rain drops, prevents weeds form growing, and/or improves the appearance of the area. 28. Conservation tillage- using techniques of soil preparation, planting, and cultivation that disturb the soil the least and leaves the maximum amount of plant residue on the surface. 29. Plant residue- the plant material left when a plant dies or is harvested. 30. Contour practice- conducting all operations, such as plowing, disking, planting, cultivating, and harvesting across the slope and on the level. 31. Strip cropping- alternating strips of row crops with strips of close-growing crops. 32. Crop rotation- the planting of different crops in a given field every year or every several years. 33. Organic matter- dead plant and animal tissue. 34. Aggregates- decomposed organic matter forms a gel-like substance that holds soil particles in absorbent granules. 35. Lime- a material that reduces the acid content of soil. 36. Fertilizer- any material that supplies nutrients for plants. 37. Grass waterway- a strip of grass growing in the low area of a field where water can gather and cause erosion. 38. Terrace- a soil or wall structure built across the slope to capture water and move it safely to areas where it will not cause erosion. 39. Overgrazing- to damage to plants or soil due to animals eating too much of their plants at one time. 40. Conservation plan- a plan developed by soil and water conservation specialist to use land for its maximum production and water conservation without unacceptable damage to the land. 41. Saturated- when water is added until all the spaces or pores are filled. 42. Erosion- wearing away

1. D 1.I 1. Aquifer 2. C 2.F 2.Gully erosion 3. D 3.J 3.Mulch 4. A 4.A 4.Strip Cropping 5. B 5.H 5.Lime 6. C 6.B 6.500 7. A 7.C 7.Organic matter 8. D 8.G 8.Terrace 9. B 9.D 9.1.67 billion 10. D 10.E 10.35 million

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