...Introduction English language was introduced in South China in the eighteenth century. It took root in the mid nineteenth century when a school teaching English was started. The first missionary schools lasted for 10 years (1835-1851). After the 1860 war the schools were reopened and they spread to other parts of china. Between 1872 and 1925 over 7,000 missionary schools were operational with over 260,000 students. Learning English was a means to learning modernized military methods and an opening for china to work with foreign countries and create alliances. Strained relations with USSR when Russian language was to replace English gave the Western culture a better impact opportunity (Hughes, 2006). The support of English has undergone many difficulties but since the 1980’s China has encouraged working relations and study opportunities in English as it has helped them economically, politically and in its cultural dynamics. English has received much support in recent years as it has made Chinas world market expand astronomically. On other hand, China is obliged to use English language for the purposes of international trade and interaction. This is because English has remained to be the world largest spoken language (Wu, 2012). Economical China has enjoyed successful relations with on a global scale for its conformation to the English language. Since 1980’s, Mainland China has been doing business with different international countries but especially those with an English support...
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...The Origins of Standard English. Standard English is a controversial and debatable term for a form of the English language that is written and spoken by educated users. In simpler words we can say that Standard English is the one which is most broadly accepted in its form, as written and spoken by educated people in both formal and informal contexts. Its abbreviation is SE. One of the most significant factors in the upswing of Standard English was the importance that London was the capital city of England. In the 15th century it began off as a southern dialect and finished as a midland dialect. The eastern counties of course had a central role in this change of dialect. In 1656 Thomas Blount a lexicographer published his dictionary in which he defined up to 11,000 of the most unusual and difficult words. It was indeed the largest English dictionary when it was published at that time. His dictionary is one of the largest and greatest of English dictionaries. Standard English is not completely constant around the world. For example American users of standard English say” center, color, first floor etc. while British users say” centre, colour and ground floor”. So even Standard English like any other spoken or written language alters over time. Therefore it’s important to understand that Standard English is in no way any superior or inferior to any other form or variety of English. At present day there is no such thing as “standard English” which is not British, American or...
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...numbers of murders. It would increase it. Meanwhile it would not reduce gun-related crimes in the United States. In my opinion, in most states gun-related crimes would increase because of the stricter gun-control laws. As you can see in document 2, 5 and 6 you can see the increase of gun use and murders. In document 2 in Australia ever since they banned all guns. The amount of gun violence had increased exponentially. Also in document 5 you can see every nation that had banned gun use has increased every nation that does not have it banned their murder rates are very low. Meanwhile in document 6 the United States gun killings from 1999-2000 were extremely high compared to the other nation. Also in the United States 60% of murders are done by handguns 5% of murders are done with rilfes, 6% are done with shotguns and the other 29% are done by other materials during 2010-2013 in the United States . Out of all the other nations the united states has the highest gun related killings then any other developed country according to Washington. Therefore banning guns will not make a difference because as you can see all nations that have banned guns in there country their murder rates are exponentially high. Meanwhile the countries that have allowed guns in their countries there murder rates are very low. Also in the United States all gun related crimes are one of the highest in the...
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...Immigration: The Facts that are lost in this savage row The United Kingdom has the highest levels of immigration and it is currently attractive to live in England. According to the Government Actuary’s Department, some observed statistics from 2002 shows that in 2030 United Kingdom will have grown with 8 million immigrants if they keep letting the same annual part of Immigrants settle down in UK. In the article Immigration: The facts that are los in the savage row, there are several views of all the refugees that live in London. The article is written in December 2002, and is published by Martin Bright, Burhan Wazir and Faisal Islam in the newspaper: The Observer. The article dilemma deals about whether immigrants might have an opportunity to settle down and whether how big a portion of refugees might get the chance to live in England. “In a nation plagued by clogged roads, collapsing railways, severe housing shortages and teetering health and education systems.” (ll. 27) It is not a country that has sufficient enough resources for more people, at least not more immigrants because they do unusually not have the English language with them before they move to England. That means that jobs are limited on the labour market and England will need educating people to do the jobs they need doing. First and foremost, one might argue that allowing immigration to England will enhance the cultural diversity. Some social scientists believe that when different cultures are brought...
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...The formation of the National English Language. The evolution of English in the 15 hundred years of its existence has been an unbroken one, but within it it’s possible to single out 3 main periods: 1.Old English (OE) 2.Middle English (ME) 3.New English (NE) Old English The historical background. It began in the 5th century, when the German tribes (Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians) settled in the British Isles. Originally the social and economical system was tribal and slave owning, which gradually developed into a feudal one. Accordingly tribal dialects developed into local ones. Geographically it covers the territory of the so-called English Proper. The main historical events are: -the introduction of Christianity; -the Scandinavian invasion. Word-stock (WS) Originally OE was a purely G language. So the WS comprised 3 layers of native words: 1st – IE words (mother, father) 2nd – CG words (to rise, to sink) 3d - OE proper (hlaford - lord) There were some borrowings from the Celtic language, denoting mostly place-names (London, York) and names of rivers (the Thames). After their settlement in Britain the G. tribes came into contact with the Celtic tribes who lived there, but the Celtic borrowings are very few (Loch Ness). Latin borrowings are: 1.Latin words borrowed by Ancient G. tribes when they lived on the continent of Europe. 2.Latin words borrowed by the Anglo-Saxon tribes from Romanized Celts on the British Isles. 3.Latin words which penetrated into OE...
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...Conservative Cameroon loses control of Barmy Britain. Anyone who currently resides in Britain at the moment cannot look past the problems that riddle their nation. Never before has the country been in a worse state; on the social spectrum, never before have more ASBOs been issued than in the last three years. Politically, the government has probably never been so scandalous and economically, Britain is in the middle of several crises and is not showing any signs of recovery. Do you remember the days when Great Britain used to be admired? When the monarchy actually had a say in the way the empire ruled the globe. Or even more recently, when the mighty Brits managed to fend off rivals and secure the bids to host the 2012 Olympics. Even the later seems like light-years apart from present day, where riots occur every month because the Tories are too busy trying to guide their millionaires to the ‘good life’ as if they need it more than the hundreds of thousands of homeless, uneducated people in Britain. This has also created a growing divide between the rich and poor of Britain. Britain’s economic structure is still the best in the world, with the Great British pound being the strongest currency worldwide. However, this is getting increasingly harder to believe after the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) predictions about British economic growth rates and how they expect a major decline. The nation is also knee-deep in debt and therefore has had to cut its spending on...
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...Your company, which is headquartered in the United Kingdom, is considering setting up a new manufacturing facility in Ruritania. Ruritania is a politically stable, economically developing Eastern European country. Although, last year, the annual growth rate was only 0.7%, the annual growth rate has averaged around 6% per annum over the last five years. The rate of price inflation has been stable, averaging 5.2% per annum over the last five years. Although Ruritania does not have a long tradition of democracy, Governments have been democratically elected for the last twenty years and new elections are due in Ruritania in approximately nine months’ time. There are two major political parties in Ruritania and recent opinion polls suggest that the present Government currently enjoys a 7% lead over the other major party. This opinion poll lead has remained reasonably stable for the last eight months. The other major party is also committed to democratic principles and a market based economy although, if elected, it is likely that they would increase both corporate and personal taxation to provide additional funding for their proposed social expenditure. The Crown (the currency of Ruritania) traditionally had a centrally managed exchange rate, but the Ruritanian Government allowed the Crown to float freely about twelve years ago. This, initially, resulted in a fairly large drop in the value of the Crown, but the Crown has enjoyed reasonable stability against major international...
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...Typhoon Haiyan, known as Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines and was recorded to be the strongest typhoon at landfall. The said Typhoon had devastated the Central part of the Philippines. Moreover, the death toll has been rising by eight daily and as of now, 6,000 people recorded to be death. And due to this strategy, the Philippines government responsibility to aid the victims was condemned. While on the other hand, the concept of universalism has practiced once again, when the typhoon ravaged thousands of people lives. The Philippines as a state has a responsibility to protect its citizen in any circumstances, but in this case of catastrophe the government was having difficulties to aid the affected area. Because of the very fact, that the affected area had being isolated. And due to that thousands of people criticize the country’s capability in slow response to the said tragedy but unknowingly thinking that our government does not have that well enough developed resources to aid the people. A government serves as a machinery to regulate the need of the people with that very fact it helps to lessen the problem that’s what just our government did, and it is not complicating the problem but different countries have criticized our county’s capability. For this very reason, this act of condemning complicates the problem because these countries have compared our government’s capability over the other more developed states on responding to the said crisis. In which through this,...
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...Celts, who had come to live in regions of Britain and Ireland further south. The Picts were known for their metal work used for hunting and in wars. Scotland (Alba or Alban) consisted of four different races. The Picts of Celtic, perhaps of Scythian stock, predominated lived from Caithness in the north to the Forth in the south. The Britons of Strathclyde stretched from the Clyde to the Solway and further south into Cumbria. The Teutonic Anglo-Saxons that later arrived, held the lands to the east south of the Forth into Northumbria and the kingdom of Dalriada, to the west, including present-day Argyll, (the land of the Gael). Kintyre and the neighbouring islands were occupied by the Scottish people from Northern Ireland in the third and fourth centuries. During this period, the Picts and Scots were always at war with themselves rather than fighting their enemies. By the end of the seventh century, the four kingdoms of Alban were united in the Christian faith, but not much else. Even the constant raids of the Norsemen, that began in the eighth century leading to the conquest of Orkney, Shetland, the Western Isles, Caithness and Sutherland, (where, the non-Celtic...
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...As we all know, every road has a speed limit that is enforced. The question is: Should there even be a speed limit for vehicles even though most of them can already go faster than it? History In the 1860’s the first speed limit was set for 10mph in the United Kingdom. The first numeric speed limit was set by the United Kingdom being called as the Locomotive Acts. In 1973, 55mph was the national speed limit. The Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act was then passed. It was a bill in the U.S. Congress that President Nixon passed in 1974 that was basically to conserve fuel during periods of fuel shortages. Later, on May 12, 1974 the U.S. Senate raised the speed limit to 60mph. On November 28, 1995 the National Highway Designation Act was passed which gave states the authority to determine the speed limit for their state. It became effective on December 8, 1995. The reason for making cars that go faster than the speed limit is because if a car can only go up to 70mph, the RPM of the car would be constantly too high on highways and car engines would die quickly. Rights and Regulations People have the right to go over the speed limit if they want to, but they will get a ticket as a result of it. The regulations give them a set speed limit, knowing that vehicles can go over 160mph. This doesn’t mean that they have to speed. The speed limit provides safety for not only you, but for other motorists out there. The right is not that we have a set speed limit and should break...
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...Traditions of the 3 Main UK Parties Conservatism Conservatism - a political and social philosophy that promotes retaining traditional social institutions. A person who follows the philosophies of conservatism is referred to as a traditionalist or conservative. A political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes. Opposition to state interference in private enterprise is one of the party’s core beliefs. Free trade and sound finances are the foundation of modern conservatism. British unionism - a political ideology favouring the continued union of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. (Term can also be used in historical context, to describe an ideology favouring the creation of political unions between the constituent states in the British Isles). Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others, called reactionaries, oppose modernism and seek a return to "the way things were". The term, historically associated with right-wing politics, has since been used to describe a wide range of views. There is no single set of policies that are universally regarded as conservative, because the meaning of conservatism depends on what is considered traditional in a given place and time. Thus, conservatives from different parts of the world—each upholding their respective traditions—may disagree on a wide range of issues. "Conservatism is not so much a philosophy...
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...Michael J. Nunez Dr. Sell PESP 159 The 16th Man: Two years before the rugby World Cup – tens of thousands of Afrikaners were bracing themselves for war while whites vowed to stop Mandela from taking power. They didn’t succeed, largely because Mandela secretly invited their leaders to his home for tea and persuaded them, over time, to abandon their guns. However, they had it in them to undermine the stability of the post-apartheid democracy and do terrible damage to the economy. That was why Mandela set it as his number one strategic priority during his five-year presidency to cement, as he put it, the foundations of the new South Africa; to reconcile whites with the black majority to whom they had done so much harm. The World Cup was to be played in South Africa a year after Mandela came to power, and he saw an opportunity not to be missed. The African National Congress had spent years using rugby as a stick with which to beat white people, so why not use it now as a carrot? Why not use the Springbok team to unite the most divided nation on earth around a common goal? Mandela's challenges did not only lie on the white side of the apartheid fence. He had to do some tough political persuasion among his own black supporters too. They had been brought up to detest rugby. Next to the old anthem and the old flag, there existed no more repellent symbol of apartheid than the green Springbok shirt. That was why the blacks-only pens at rugby stadiums were...
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...WHAT CAN I DO TO USE LESS ENERGY Year 9 In the UK our homes contribute significantly to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Becoming more energy efficient will help to reduce the amount of carbon emissions we create and the amount of energy we need to power our homes. If every home reduced their energy consumption by 20% the UK would meet the 2020 targets set by the European Union. However due to out-dated methods of construction in older properties it is not always a easy task to become more energy efficient. There are however, a range of simple actions we can all take to significantly reduce the energy we use in the home: • Draught proof your home • Insulate your walls and roof space • Install energy efficient appliances and heating system • Turn lights off when not in a room • Use reflective panels behind radiators • Use energy efficient light bulbs • Turn all electrical appliances off when not in use • Remove chargers and PC peripherals from plug sockets • Reduce hot water thermostat to 60 degrees • Reduce space heating thermostat to below 21 degrees if you are fit and healthy • Only switch heating and lighting when at home • Only boil the water you need in the kettle • Keep fridge and freezer doors shut as much as possible • Dry clothes outside Assess your usage One of the most useful ways to assess how much energy you use in your home is to purchase an energy monitor. These will tell you how much you spend on electricity for particular items...
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...CanCopy or any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2005, Ivey Management Services Version: (A) 2008-03-20 In early November 2004, on a cold winter afternoon in Nottingham, England, Dave Robinson was planning his sales promotion strategy for a line of professional hair-care products at Boots. The professional hair-care line consisted primarily of shampoos, conditioners and styling products (gels, wax, mousse, etc.) developed in collaboration with United Kingdom’s top celebrity hairdressers. Robinson’s challenge was to select one of three promotional alternatives — get three for the price of two (“3 for 2”), receive a gift with purchase (“GWP”), and an on-pack coupon worth 50p1 — for the Christmas season. He realized that the alternative he selected would have immediate effects on both costs and sales as well as long-term implications for the brands involved. His primary objective was to drive sales volumes and trade-up consumers from lower-value brands, while retaining or building brand equity....
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...studies of an average student. I was raised in a Christian curriculum home school setting. My parents used to host bible studies in our home and sometimes my dad would make me write the study for the class he was going to give. That time of my life was very challenging but my dad always pointed me in the right direction. Once I became fluent in writing in English, It became my main source of communication when corresponding to my loved ones from Iraq during my deployment. Never thought that writing would be this important in my life until I found that it was my only source of communication to the outside world. Even though my family was fluent in Spanish, writing in English also became important considering I then made new friends in the united states as well. Writing my loved ones from Iraq was just the tip of the ice burg when it came to a writing experience during my...
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