...International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 12, December 2013 ISSN 2250-3153 1 Future of Real Estate Business (Ready-made Flat) in Khulna City Feroz Ahmed *, Md. Reaz Uddin**, S. M. Rasel Ahammad*** ** * Professor, Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh Assistant Professor, Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh *** Territory Officer, Transcom Mobile Ltd. Bangladesh Abstract- Real estate is a fast growing industry in Bangladesh. Earlier this business was concentrated in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Later on, it spreads in various major cities of the country. The present study has paid efforts to explore the future of real estate business in Khulna, a major divisional city of Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from Khulna city area. Respondents were selected carefully considering their potentiality to be a flat or house owner in this city. The study has identified income of potential buyers, land price, hassle of buying a flat, developers’ performance and their trustworthiness, and availably of land will determine the future of real estate business in Khulna region. Consumers’ income has been found statistically significant. prospective customers toward real estate business and developers whether they will accept the real estate service or will construct house by own along with the probable reason behind their perception...
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...Urbanization Insert Name Here Insert Affiliation Here Urbanization/CASE Urbanization refers to the reallocation from a rustic to an urban social order due to shifts in global variants. It is a product of economic, political and social advancement that has paved the way for the emergence of large metropolis, cause a spike in the population density of the region. A survey predicted that half of the earth’s inhabitants would reside in urban centers towards the end of 2008 (United Nations). Intimately connected to the processes of modernization, industrialization and rationalization, the phenomenon has it genesis in the Renaissance period. Continuous attacks by the Turks caused the Christians to migrate from the east to the west of Europe. Consequently, the volume of trade rose and European cities besides the coastline progresses impressively. An additional push was given to urbanization upon the advent of the Industrial Revolution; the population density of European and American cities continued to intensify. For instance, the city of Chicago saw it population rise from fifteen individuals to over twenty million in a timeframe of seventy eight year. Yet, the phenomenon took hold of the Asian and African region only after sovereignty from colonial subjugation; in the first and second half of the 20th century, respectively (Howard Gillette Jr.). As mentioned before, the process of urbanization takes place when individuals abandon their rural lifestyle and migrate to...
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...Urbanization Processes – Environmental and Health effects in Africa Panel Contribution to the PERN Cyberseminar on Urban Spatial Expansion by Kwasi Nsiah-Gyabaah, PERN Steering Committee member and Principal, Sunyani Polytechnic, Sunyani, BA, Ghana, E-mail: spolytec @yahoo.com Introduction Urbanization is increasing in both the developed and developing countries. However, rapid urbanization, particularly the growth of large cities, and the associated problems of unemployment, poverty, inadequate health, poor sanitation, urban slums and environmental degradation pose a formidable challenge in many developing countries. Available statistics show that more than half of the world’s 6.6 billion people live in urban areas, crowded into 3 percent of the earth’s land area (Angotti, 1993; UNFPA, 1993). The proportion of the world’s population living in urban areas, which was less than 5 percent in 1800 increased to 47 percent in 2000 and is expected to reach 65 percent in 2030 (United Nations, 1990; 1991). However, more than 90 percent of future population growth will be concentrated in cities in developing countries and a large percentage of this population will be poor. In Africa and Asia where urbanization is still considerably lower (40 percent), both are expected to be 54 percent urban by 2025 (UN 1995; 2002). Although urbanization is the driving force for modernization, economic growth and development, there is increasing concern about the effects of expanding cities, principally...
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...Urbanization in simple terms is the rapid and massive growth of cities as the migration of people from the countryside in search of better jobs and living conditions occurs. Migration is defined as the long-term relocation of an individual, household or group to a new location outside the community of origin. As the process of internal migration increases within a country large masses of people are gathering in the densely populated and highly structured settlements of a country. Consequently, cities are growing significantly in size and number with the continuation of mass migration. At the start of the 20th century only about 17.8% of the entire population of a third world country lived in a city, but today the proportion of urban and rural dwellers is approximately equal, in-fact today 3 Billion of the world’s population are urban residents, accounting for half the world’s population at the rate of a 180,000 people moving into cities each day (60 Million a year). It is projected that at this rate many of the cities in developing regions of the world such as Africa and Asia may double in size to compensate to this process. Rapid urbanization has presented a series of issues in the third world and has thus been a leading factor in shaping third world politics. Urbanization in the third world has drastically increased by as much as 50% over the last century. For instance Bangladesh has an urbanization rate of 3.5% resulting in 27% of the country’s population being urban settlers;...
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...Urbanization is the physical growth of urban areas which result in rural migration and even suburban concen traction into cities, particularly the very large ones . The united nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008 . By 2050it is predicted that 64.1% and 85.9% of the developing and developed world respectively will be urbanized . Urbanization can describe a specific condition at a set time,i.e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term urbanization can represent the level of urban development relative to overall population. Village culture is characterized by common bloodlines, intinate relationship and communal behavior whereas urban culture is characterized by distant bloodlines unfamiliar relations and competitive behavior. Indeed today in Asia the urban agglomerations of Dhaka, Karachi, Mumbai, Delhi, Manila seaul and Beijing are each already home to over 20 million people, while the pearl River Delta, Shanghia-Suzhou and Tokyo are forecast to approach or exceed 40 million people each within the coming decade. The rapid urbanization of the world's population over the twentieth century is described in the 2005 Revision of the UN world Urbanization report. The global pro-portion of urban population rose dramatically from 13% (220 million) in 1900, to 29% (732 million) in 1950, to 49% (3.2 billion) in 2005. The...
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...Statistics show that only 47% of consumers around the world say they trust paid media. (trendspotting.com) * Servile brands and citysumers are a more established trend as they are wanting something new, this type of consumer lives in a capital/or town where they are usually the first to try out new products and follow the latest trends. * Servile brands let the consumer try it out first, using ‘hands on’ e-tools which allows them to test run products, for example marks and Spencer’s where they allow consumers to try before they buy on the latest nail varnishes. * IKEA has an online application where the consumer can design their own kitchen. (www.ikea.com) * Citysumers capture the essence of the city and its heritage * Established market of consumers as they are within a city latest technology and trends are available there first, outsiders from cities will be delayed. Sub trend: Modern make it and mend * Citizen hacking -using faulty or discarded objects and turning them into functional pieces- economical- cities in debt. Urbanization: * “67% of urban consumers identify themselves with their city, almost as many as the 69% that identify themselves with their nation” (www.trendspotting.com) * Culture is reflected in style of the nation * App culture Future trends: * 2013- * ‘I made that’ :Product customization and combined high tech manufacturing New, networked models of product identification. * ‘Equalized’ - Consumers...
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...India India urbanized rapidly. The urban population in India at the beginning of the 20th century was about 25.8 million constituting 10.8 % of the total population in 1901. The problem with urbanization arose when the definition of urban center could not be standardized in the first Census which was conducted after gaining independence and also because of massive rural-urban migration which occurred due to partition of the country. The highest level was noted during 1970 (3.8%). It increased to 286.1 million comprising 27.8 % of the total population in 2001. The average annual growth rate of the urban population was 2.37 % in 2001. There was a slight decrease in the period of 2005-2010, and annual growth rate was 2.31%. However, with the beginning of 2011, the situation changed to 2.76%. It is predicted that this number will only increase. Industrialization started with the help of first Prime Minister. It was a key to alleviating poverty. Thus, India gave priority to heavy industry and neglected agriculture. The government was allowed to regulate all basic business decisions. Beginning of 1980 brought mild trends of deregulation together with economic reforms and liberation of trade and financial policies. In 1991, there was adopted a major reform program. The government promoted competitive economy and foreign investments. Global integration was encouraged with a significant reduction in the usage of important tariffs and licenses. In 1993, trade was completely free. An average...
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...Cities without Slums Slum Formation Introduction When we talk about slums the focus is often how to bring people living in them into better living conditions. UN-Habitat claims that the number of slum dwellers worldwide is nearing a billion people but this number could triple by 2050 if not addressed. It is important to consider how we can prevent the creation of new slum populations as well as addressing the conditions that already exist. This report aims to investigate the push and pull factors that facilitate slum formation as well as worsen the problem where there are existing slum populations. The driving factors will be examined in relation to case studies relating to urbanization as well as conflicts and climate events that force displacement. By looking at these examples it will be assessed the manner in which these situations contribute the issue of slums across the world. Furthermore, the observations will be used to suggest what may be done to prevent or minimize the effect that they have in creating and worsening slum conditions. Slums tend to form when there is a demand for housing or infrastructure that is not sufficiently being addressed by whatever authorities or government controls an area. The problem of slum formation is complex; addressing land policies, housing prices, provision of adequate infrastructure and public services. The problem is especially exacerbated by large displacement or migration that can have a number of catalysts. Acioli states that...
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...Modernization occurs when a society whose structure and purpose was based off of farming and agriculture is faced with a complete or radical change. This changeover takes what once was a simple farming and agricultural community and turns it into an unspiritual, metropolitan and industrialized society. The implementation of new changes and ways required for survival cause traditions to be lost. This paper will examine how modernization has manifested itself in society within the United States, if modernization is likely to continue within the United States or become a world-wide trend. Additionally, this paper will also discuss the consequences of modernization along with advice of the certain and uncertain aspects and perceptions of modernization. Modernization takes place at a gradual rate first with industrialization, then societal changes which cause urbanization and reconstruction of populations. A person often uses the word modernization to convey an image of the progression from a society that was once common to this abreast Western civilization. German sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies’ theory of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft explains that “Industrial Revolution weakened the social fabric of family and tradition by introducing a businesslike emphasis on facts, efficiency, and money” (Macionis, 2006). The theorist that best reflects my perceptions of modernization through similarities of observations and opinions is Ferdinand Tönnies’ who according to Macionis, viewed modernization...
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...Urbanization has occurred in numerous developing countries since World War II and this trend is expected to continue. Urbanization is the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities. It occurs because people move from rural areas to urban areas, which usually occurs when a country is still developing. There are many different causes of urbanization. People living in rural areas are drawn to the city, because they often believe that the standard of living in urban areas will be much better. Urbanization has its pros and cons and affects every developing country differently. Three positive effects that urbanization has had on Costa Rica are: Less distances to travel and decrease in transport cost, growth in trade and commerce, and increase community resources. When population is concentrated in cities people have less distance to travel to work and for most other purposes. Urbanization helps the nation's business sector. Rural people come to the urban places with their goods. In Costa Rica growth in trade was a major positive in urbanization, because they are large exporters of bananas, coffee beans, and pineapples to name a few. Inspired by the growth of Los Reyes, multiple residential developments are being built in vast areas. It includes a combination of residential solutions in large areas with other services like a club, swimming pool, golf, tennis and football facilities. Three negative effects that urbanization has had on Costa Rica are: the decrease...
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...migration. Since migration occurs all over the world I decided to go beyond the beautiful tranquil waters of The Bahamas into the regions of South Africa and China. I selected two out four articles which are related Africa and the other two on China these are all based on some form of migration. My first article is entitle Migration and Elderly Africans in the United States and this speaks distinctively on Immigration migration. The second article entitle The socio-economic impact of African immigration on urban development in South Africa: the case of Empangeni this speaks distinctively on African immigration in South Africa. My third article entitle Rural-urban migration and urbanization in Gansu Province, China: Evidence of time-series Analysis speaks distinctively on Rural Urban migration and urbanization. Lastly, the article entile Critical Evaluation of the New Rural-Urban Labour Mobility in China: Reasons and Effect of Rural-Urban Labour Migration on Urban and Rural Labour Market speak distinctively on rural urban labour migration. Two things...
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...Book review of ‘No Ordinary Disruption: The Four Global Forces Breaking All the Trends’ Reference of this book: Dobbs, R., Manyika, J. & Woetzel, J. (2015) No Ordinary Disruption: The Four Global Forces Breaking All the Trends. United States: PublicAffairs Basic idea of this book In this book, Dobbs, Manyika, and Woetzel emphasize various methods to reset intuition by individuals, companies and governments as a result of four global disruptive forces changing global economy. This book was primarily divided into two parts. In this first part, the authors identify four fundamental disruptions that have quickened and intensified the shifts in global market: the increase of emerging market and the age of rapid urbanization especially in China and India,which led to a significant contribution to help most people escape poverty; the accelerating technological change of nature force of market competition; the aging of population; complex global connections through trade, capital and people. The second part puts emphasis on corresponding strategies and measures to be adopted by individual, companies and government, to adapt to the changes. It might be an example for the future that the increase of cost of capital and a lack of high-skill workers and low-skill jobs. Equally important, the resetting of management intuition and ability to respond to changes concern thinking pattern and decision-making for executives and leaders (Akhila, 2015). On the...
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...Latin- America and the African Cities, but East Asia's major urban areas are generally safer than large Americans. Race also plays a role in regards to being poor. Contemporary Third World urbanization differs from the West's earlier urban explosion into important respects. Many of the poor who are unable to find work in the so-called formal sectors of the urban economy (the government and more modern, private-sector enterprise) turn to the informal economy for jobs (Handleman 2011). FACTS AND FIGURES ON POVERTY A quarter of the world's population, 1.3 billion people, lives in severe poverty... • Nearly 800 million people do not get enough food, and about 500 million people are chronically malnourished. More than a third of children are malnourished. • In industrial countries more than 100 million people live below the poverty line, more than 5 million people are homeless and 37 million are jobless. • Of the world's 23 million people living with HIV/AIDS more than 93% live in developing countries. • More than 840 million adults are illiterate - 538 million of them are women. • In developing countries 160 million pre-school children are underweight. Employment The search for Employment in Urban areas, According to (Handleman 2011), and Contemporary Third World urbanization differs from the West’s earlier urban explosion in two important respects. One (1) way is the number of migrants and the size of the Third World cities, the Second (2); it occurred in an era...
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...MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY TOPIC: URBANIZATION IN AFRICA BY: SOLOMON T. JOHNSON 2012/1/41096MT COURSE: URBAN PLANNING SUBMITTED TO: DR. DUKIYA ABSTRACT Africa is urbanizing fast. Its rate of urbanization soared from 15 percent in 1960 to 40 percent in 2010, and is projected to reach 60 percent in 2050 (UN Habitat 2010). Urban populations in Africa are expected to triple in the next 50 years, changing the profile of the region, and challenging policy makers to harness urbanization for sustainable and inclusive growth. Although many have written about the phenomena, what is clear to us is that is impossible to deal with Africa’s growth and poverty challenges without managing urbanization. Urbanization is not a subȬ plot, but rather the main policy narrative for Africa. URBANIZATION IN AFRICA Challenges and Opportunities: Africa is urbanizing fast. Its rate of urbanization soared from 15 percent in 1960 to 40 percent in 2010, and is projected to reach 60 percent in 2050 (UN Habitat 2010). Urban populations in Africa are expected to triple in the next 50 years, changing the profile of the region, and challenging policy makers to harness urbanization for sustainable and inclusive growth. Although many have written about the phenomena, what is clear to us is that is impossible to deal with Africa’s growth and poverty challenges without managing urbanization. Urbanization is not a subȬ plot, but rather the main policy narrative for Africa. Along...
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...estate are referred to as real property. Basically according to the finance dictionary Real Estate means to the piece of land and all physical property related to it, including houses, fences, landscaping and all rights related to the air above and earth below the property. With rapid urbanization of the cities and metropolitan areas real estate is a familiar word to the city dwellers. Real estate deals not only with the architectural design and infrastructure of a building but also with its finance and potentiality. It is an area that is highly influenced by the population density, income generation and tastes of the people and economic growth of a country under different period of time. Perspective of Real Estate Business in Bangladesh (A Brief History) Urbanization is an outcome of both population growth and rural-urban migration. As urbanization increases, more and more people are becoming city dwellers. Bangladesh is not any exception to this picture. In Bangladesh, the problem of urbanization is further aggravated by limited land supply in urban areas, lower land utilization and lack of proper planning and land use policy. As globalization increases, the process of urbanization increases. The ever increasing urban population is creating an...
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