Premium Essay

Us vs Rutherford Executive Summary

In: Historical Events

Submitted By trinity8648
Words 553
Pages 3
United States v. Rutherford
Unites States - Defendant vs. Glen L Rutherford on behalf of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients: Plaintiffs
No. 78-605
Supreme Court of the United States
442 U.S. 544
Argued: April 25th, 1979; Decided: June 18th, 1979

Facts of the Case:
In 1975, terminally ill cancer patients filed suit urging the government to stop interfering with the marketing and distribution of the cancer drug, Laetrile. Laetrile at the time was available outside the US and was believed to be an effective cancer treatment. It was derived from an extract of apricot pits and almonds. These terminally ill patients felt this drug was their last option. The FDA blocked approval under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act because it was waiting on further clinical research for efficacy and safety of this drug. The district court ordered the government to permit purchases of the drug by a plaintiff when it was found that Laetrile was nontoxic at normal doses. The Court of Appeals had the District Court ask the FDA to determine if Laetrile was considered a “new drug” in addition to determining if it was exempt from the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act’s two grandfather clauses on premarketing approvals. The Commissioner of the FDA determined Laetrile was a new drug by definition and was not exempt under either of the grandfather clauses. The District Court concluded that Laetrile was considered a new drug but was allowed exemption from the 1962 grandfather clause. The district court also felt the FDA “infringed constitutionally protected privacy interests by denying cancer patients’ access to Laetrile.”

Key Issue and Court Decision:
The question of this case was can the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act prohibit terminally ill cancer patients from obtaining Laetrile due to no FDA approval for safety and efficacy? The Court of Appeals upheld the District Court decision because

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Maanaging Across Borders - Company Report

...management, cultural dimensions and gamification Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary | p.5 | Chapter I – Introduction1.1 Purpose of the Report1.2 Effects of Globalization on Businesses’ 1.3 Company Background1.4 Outline of the Report | pp.6-7 | Chapter II – Cross Border and Offshoring Management 2.1 Introduction2.2 Defining culture2.3 Defining management and cross cultural management 2.4 Offshoring2.5 Key problems in cross cultural teams2.6 Conclusions | pp.8-11 | Chapter III – Analyzing and Explaining Cultural Dimensions3.1 Introduction3.2 Analysis of cultural dimensions and Country Comparisons 3.2.1 Power Distance 3.2.2 Uncertainty Avoidance 3.2.3 Long term orientation 3.2.4 Indulgence 3.2.5 Individualism 3.2.6 Masculinity 3.3 Limitations of Hofstede’s Dimensions | pp.12-17 | Chapter IV – Gamification4.1 Introduction4.2 Defining and Explaining gamification4.3 Gamification’s effects on business4.4 Examples of gamification4.5 Criticism – The dark side of gamification | pp.18-20 | Chapter V – Corporate Social Responsibility5.1 Introduction5.2 Defining and explaining CSR 5.3 The Foxconn and Apple scandal5.4 Recommendations and Actions | pp.21-22 | Chapter VI – Recommendations to Management | pp.23-24 | Chapter VII – Conclusions | pp.25 | References | pp.26-27 | Executive Summary Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the issues an EU company might face during...

Words: 6986 - Pages: 28

Premium Essay

Socc Project Plan

...[pic] Project Management Plan Project: Southern Ontario Construction Conference Client: The Southern Ontario Builder’s Association Prepared by: Event Executives: Amanda Jones, Leigh West and Krystal Connors April 4, 2012 Release 2.2 Abstract This document contains the full Project Plan surrounding the event “Southern Ontario Construction Conference”. The purpose of the Project Management Plan is to define the high level processes and methods that will be used for project execution. Table of Contents 2.0 Statement of Purpose V 3.0 Executive Summary V 3.1 Overview of the Organization V 3.2 Current Situation and Problem/Opportunity Statement V 3.3 Project Objectives VI 4.0 Project Organization 1 4.1 Project Team 1 4.2 Key Stakeholders 1 5.0 Project Requirements 1 5.1 In Scope 1 5.2 Out of Scope 1 5.3 Critical Success Factors 2 6.0 Work to be performed – Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 2 6.1 WBS Structure Purpose and Limitations 2 6.2 WBS Dictionary 2 6.3 WBS Outline View 5 6.4 WBS Organizational Chart 7 7.0 Network Diagram 8 8.0 Scope Management Plan 8 8.1 Introduction 8 8.2 Scope Management Approach 8 8.3 Scope Definition 9 8.4 Project Scope Statement 9 8.6 Scope Control 10 9.0 Project Schedule 10 9.1 Project Schedule Constraints 10 9.2 High Level Project Milestones 10 9.3 Detailed Project Plan 11 10.0 Schedule Management Plan 13 10.1 Introduction...

Words: 14533 - Pages: 59

Premium Essay

Tvm Hallwines

...HALL Wines Napa Valley and Sonoma, California GROUP 16 Chad Burns Ryan Carlson Maurilio Cometto Kathryn Hall BERKELEY COLUMBIA MBA MARKETING STRATEGY CASE PROFESSOR NOEL CAPON SUMMER 2006 Table of Contents The individuals in connection with this report are: Berkeley Columbia MBA Summer 2006 Group 16: Chad Burns Mauriilo Cometto Ryan Carlson Kathy Hall Page Executive summary Preamble: Introduction to Hall Wines Headlines Situational awareness Market overview Customer insight Competition and complimenters Market strategy Achieving differentiation Market segmentation Branding strategy Implementation plan Marketing offer Distribution plan Metrics for success Appendices 75 102 119 123 46 53 71 14 26 32 2 4 1 Executive summary Preamble: Introduction to Hall Wines HALL is a relatively young winery in startup mode. HALL is comprised of two wineries located in St. Helena and Rutherford, Napa Valley, California. In addition to the two wineries, vineyard land is located in other parts of Napa and Sonoma counties. A total of five primary vineyards are owned by HALL. HALL is not yet profitable. Current case production of all HALL Wines approximated 8,500 cases in 2005 with 47,000 cases projected in 2010. Company overview HALL is the dynamic Napa Valley vision of Craig and Kathryn Hall created in 2002 as a showcase for both their exceptional new wines along with their extensive vineyard holdings. The Halls have sought first and foremost to craft wines of uncompromising...

Words: 26398 - Pages: 106

Premium Essay

Costco Financial Statement Analysis

...stoAnnual Report 2010 2010 year ended august 29, 2010 THE COMPANY Costco Wholesale Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Costco” or the “Company”) began operations in 1983 in Seattle, Washington. In October 1993, Costco merged with The Price Company, which had pioneered the membership warehouse concept, to form Price/Costco, Inc., a Delaware corporation. In January 1997, after the spin-off of most of its non-warehouse assets to Price Enterprises, Inc., the Company changed its name to Costco Companies, Inc. On August 30, 1999, the Company reincorporated from Delaware to Washington and changed its name to Costco Wholesale Corporation, which trades on the NASDAQ under the symbol “COST.” As of December 2010, the Company operated a chain of 582 warehouses in 40 states and Puerto Rico (425 locations), nine Canadian provinces (80 locations), the United Kingdom (22 locations), Korea (seven locations), Taiwan (six locations, through a 55%-owned subsidiary), Japan (nine locations) and Australia (one location), as well as 32 warehouses in Mexico through a 50%-owned joint venture. CONTENTS Financial Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter to Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Map of Warehouse Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Words: 42703 - Pages: 171

Premium Essay

Costco

...Annual Report 2012 2012 YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 2, 2012 THE COMPANY Costco Wholesale Corporation and its subsidiaries (Costco or the Company) began operations in 1983 in Seattle, Washington. In October 1993, Costco merged with The Price Company, which had pioneered the membership warehouse concept, to form Price/Costco, Inc., a Delaware corporation. In January 1997, after the spin-off of most of its non-warehouse assets to Price Enterprises, Inc., the Company changed its name to Costco Companies, Inc. On August 30, 1999, the Company reincorporated from Delaware to Washington and changed its name to Costco Wholesale Corporation, which trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “COST”. As of December 2012, the Company operated a chain of 622 warehouses in 41 states and Puerto Rico (448 locations), nine Canadian provinces (85 locations), Mexico (32 locations), the United Kingdom (23 locations), Japan (13 locations), Korea (nine locations), Taiwan (nine locations, through a 55%-owned subsidiary) and Australia (three locations). The Company also operates Costco Online, electronic commerce web sites, at www.costco.com (U.S.), www.costco.ca (Canada), and www.costco.co.uk (United Kingdom). CONTENTS Financial Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter to Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Words: 38858 - Pages: 156

Premium Essay

Event Marketing

...Event Marketing HOW TO SUCCESSFULLY PROMOTE EVENTS, FESTIVALS, CONVENTIONS, AND EXPOSITIONS Leonard H. Hoyle, CAE, CMP JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. Event Marketing The Wiley Event Management Series SERIES EDITOR: DR. JOE GOLDBLATT, CSEP Special Events: Twenty-first Century Global Event Management, Third Edition by Dr. Joe Goldblatt, CSEP Dictionary of Event Management, Second Edition by Dr. Joe Goldblatt, CSEP, and Kathleen S. Nelson, CSEP Corporate Event Project Management by William O’Toole and Phyllis Mikolaitis, CSEP Event Marketing: How to Successfully Promote Events, Festivals, Conventions, and Expositions by Leonard H. Hoyle, CAE, CMP Event Risk Management and Safety by Peter E. Tarlow, Ph.D. Event Sponsorship by Bruce E. Skinner and Vladimir Rukavina The Complete Guide to Destination Management by Pat Schauman, CMP, CSEP Event Marketing HOW TO SUCCESSFULLY PROMOTE EVENTS, FESTIVALS, CONVENTIONS, AND EXPOSITIONS Leonard H. Hoyle, CAE, CMP JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher...

Words: 72488 - Pages: 290

Premium Essay

Fundamental of Strategy

...and to help you get a great final result in your course. Here’s how you might make the most of the text: ● Focus your time and attention on the fundamental areas of strategy in just 10 carefully selected chapters. Read the illustrations and the case examples to clarify your understanding of how the concepts of strategy translate into an easily recognisable, real-world context. Follow up on the recommended readings at the end of each chapter. They’re specially selected as accessible and valuable sources that will enhance your learning and give you an extra edge in your course work. KEY CONCEPT AUDIO SUMMARY ● ● Also, look out for the Key Concepts and Audio Summary icons in the text, which direct you to the website at www.pearsoned.co.uk/fos* where you can ● Check and reinforce your understanding of key concepts using self-assessment questions, audio summaries and interactive exercises, and Revise key terms using electronic flashcards and a glossary in 6 languages. ● We want Fundamentals of Strategy to give you what you need: a clear and concise...

Words: 129967 - Pages: 520

Premium Essay

Basic Mba

...BU Basic M.B.A. International Master of Business Administration |Index | Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Business Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Entrepreneurship. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Finance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Marketing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Strategic Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

Words: 103642 - Pages: 415

Premium Essay

Human Resouces Management

...feL82809_ch01_002-047.indd Page 2 8/2/10 9:46 PM user-f465 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Psychology /Users/user-f465/Desktop feL82809_ch01_002-047.indd Page 3 8/2/10 9:46 PM user-f465 /Users/user-f465/Desktop Key Concepts for Chapter 1 MODULE 1 What is the science of psychology? ● What Psychologists at Work are the major specialties in the field of The Subfields of Psychology: Psychology’s Family Tree psychology? ● Where do psychologists Working at Psychology PsychWork: Licensed Social Worker work? MODULE 2 What are the origins of psychology? ● What are the major approaches in contemporary psychology? ● What are psychology’s key issues and controversies? ● What is the future of psychology likely to hold? A Science Evolves: The Past, the Present, and the Future The Roots of Psychology Today’s Perspectives Applying Psychology in the 21st Century: Psychology Matters Psychology’s Key Issues and Controversies Psychology’s Future MODULE 3 What is the scientific method? ● What role Research in Psychology do theories and hypotheses play in The Scientific Method psychological research? ● What research Descriptive Research methods do psychologists use? ● How do Experimental Research Psychological Research psychologists establish cause-and-effect relationships using experiments? MODULE 4 What major issues confront psychologists conducting research? Research Challenges: ...

Words: 22475 - Pages: 90

Premium Essay

Swot

...form10k_fy13.htm UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 ——————————— FORM 10-K x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended: June 4, 2013 OR o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to _________ Commission file number 1-12454 RUBY TUESDAY, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) 63-0475239 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 150 West Church Avenue, Maryville, Tennessee 37801 (Address of principal executive offices and zip code) (865) 379-5700 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange GEORGIA (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yeso No x Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such...

Words: 86797 - Pages: 348

Premium Essay

Public Administration and Globalisation

...PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND GLOBALIZATION: ENHANCING PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION IN PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY New Delhi, India 7 October 2003 In cooperation with the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration United Nations Division for Public Administration and Development Management Department of Economic and Social Affairs Public Administration and Globalization: Enhancing Public-Private Collaboration in Public Service Delivery New Delhi, India 7 October 2003 In cooperation with the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration United Nations New York The opinions expressed herein are the responsibilities of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations nor the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration All rights reserved. Table of Contents Foreword Pro-Poor Policy Processes and Institutions: A Political Economic Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. ADIL KHAN The Dilemma of Governance in Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JOSE GPE. VARGAS HERNANDEZ Institutional Mechanisms for Monitoring International Commitments to Social Development: The Philippine Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MA. CONCEPCION P. ALFILER Globalization and Social Development: Capacity Building for Public-Private Collaboration for Public Service Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . AMARA PONGSAPICH Trade Liberalization and the Poor: A Framework for Poverty...

Words: 100254 - Pages: 402

Premium Essay

The Impact of Fiscal Decentralization Inflant

...DECENTRALIZATION, GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC SERVICES THE IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Omar Azfar, Satu Kähkönen, Anthony Lanyi, Patrick Meagher, and Diana Rutherford IRIS Center, University of Maryland, College Park September 1999 Table of Contents 1 2 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................1 IMPACT OF DECENTRALIZATION ON PUBLIC SERVICES: THEORY AND EVIDENCE ............................................................................................2 2.1 Theory.............................................................................................................................................. 2 2.1.a Allocative Efficiency............................................................................................................... 2 2.1.b Accountability ......................................................................................................................... 3 2.1.c Cost Recovery ......................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Evidence........................................................................................................................................... 3 3 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PERFORMANCE OF DECENTRALIZED SERVICE PROVISION...................................................................................5 3.1 The Political Framework..........

Words: 15520 - Pages: 63

Premium Essay

Lalalal

...1 UNIT 1 Living Things and Their Environment DRAFT April 29, 2014 Photo Credit: http://www.flyingfourchette.com/2013/05/25/around-ubud/ 2 UNIT 1: Living Things and Their Environment Introduction At this point, students have already learned in Grade 8 how the body breaks down food into forms that can be absorbed through the digestive system and then transported to each cell, which was on the other hand discussed in Grade 7 to be the basic unit of life. The learners have also discovered that cells divide to produce new cells by mitosis and meiosis. They have understood that meiosis is an early step in sexual reproduction that leads to variation. Students have been introduced to genetics to be able to appreciate evolutionary differences among species. Learners have also found out that biodiversity is the collective variety of species living in an ecosystem, and by studying the ecosystem; they have come across the various cycling of materials and energy transformation. DRAFT April 29, 2014 All modules in Grade 9 Unit 1-Living Things and Their Environment present student-centered activities that will allow the learners to discover and develop concepts that they may consider useful to their everyday life. At the end of each lesson, key concepts are provided for the students to grasp ideas and information that they will remember even after they have left school. Instructional activities are designed to build up the students’ knowledge, understanding, skills, and ability to transfer...

Words: 68324 - Pages: 274

Premium Essay

Strategy Management

...CONNECT FEATURES Interactive Applications Interactive Applications offer a variety of automatically graded exercises that require students to apply key concepts. Whether the assignment includes a click and drag, video case, or decision generator, these applications provide instant feedback and progress tracking for students and detailed results for the instructor. Case Exercises The Connect platform also includes author-developed case exercises for all 12 cases in this edition that require students to work through answers to assignment questions for each case. These exercises have multiple components and can include: calculating assorted financial ratios to assess a company’s financial performance and balance sheet strength, identifying a company’s strategy, doing five-forces and driving-forces analysis, doing a SWOT analysis, and recommending actions to improve company performance. The content of these case exercises is tailored to match the circumstances presented in each case, calling upon students to do whatever strategic thinking and strategic analysis is called for to arrive at a pragmatic, analysis-based action recommendation for improving company performance. eBook Connect Plus includes a media-rich eBook that allows you to share your notes with your students. Your students can insert and review their own notes, highlight the text, search for specific information, and interact with media resources. Using an eBook with Connect Plus gives your...

Words: 219639 - Pages: 879

Premium Essay

Resource

...YE AR S CE L EB RA TIN G6 HISTORY HISTORY A World Transformed II: World in Flux E D I TOR PW AA -TA ST IC Y EA R S! RESOURCE Tania Asnes A L PACA-IN-CHIEF 2 0 1 2 Daniel Berdichevsky the World Scholar’s Cup® ® HISTORY | 1 History Resource 2012: A World in Flux Table of Contents Preface: A Swiftly Texting Planet ................................................................. 2 I. The Determinators....................................................................................... 4 Toward a model for technological change............................................. 5 I’m on Team IDUAR ................................................................................ 6 Disruptive technologies..............................................................................8 Classic Technologies ...................................................................................9 The time of wheels ..................................................................................9 How the stirrup stirred things up ......................................................10 Print all about it: the printing press ................................................... 11 II. Transformations in Everyday Life .......................................................... 13 Turning on the lights ................................................................................. 13 Picking up the telephone .......................................

Words: 22263 - Pages: 90