...Counselling in Health and Social Care – role, application and boundaries. Ethics and legal factors Everyone who works within the health and social care sector has to abide by the ethical guidelines. "Ethics can be defined as a set of moral principles or rules of conduct" (O'Farrell, 1999). The ethics framework states the guidelines that are expected of each counsellor and professional and it consists of three elements; Values, principles and also personal moral qualities. "Professional ethics may be viewed as the rightful domain of moral philosophy which is concerned with establishing principles for articulating what is 'good' and what is 'bad'." (Nelson-Jones, 2002) Six major ethical principles of the BACP are; self-respect, individual autonomy, beneficence (benefiting the client), non-maleficence (not harming the client), justice (fair distribution of services within the society) and fidelity (honouring promises and underpinning trust). These can be viewed for underpinning the practice of counsellors and superior practitioners. Ethical principles are well suited to examining the justification for particular decisions and actions. However, reliance on principles alone may detract from the importance of the practitioner's personal qualities and their ethical significance in the counselling or therapeutic relationship (BACP, 2013). Values inform principles and they are important to the counsellor to expressing their commitment to ethics. The values of counsellors include;...
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... ASSIGNMENT DATE: 2011-07-25 Contents 1 PART 1 3 1.1 PREMARITAL COUNSELLING 3 1.1.1 Definition of premarital counselling 3 1.1.2 Purpose of Premarital Counselling 3 1.1.3 Purpose of the Helper 4 1.1.4 Relavent Core Relational Conditions 4 1.1.5 Degree Of Structure Needed 5 1.1.6 In What Format Does Counselling Take Place 5 1.2 MARRIAGE ENRICHMENT 7 1.2.1 Definition of Marriage Enrichment 7 1.2.2 Purpose of Marriage Enrichment Counselling 7 1.2.3 Purpose of the Helper 7 1.2.4 Relavent Core Relational Conditions 8 1.2.5 Degree of Structure needed 9 1.2.6 In What Format Does Counselling Take Place 9 1.3 COUPLES COUNSELLING 11 1.3.1 Definition of Couples Counsellin 11 1.3.2 Purpose of Couples Counselling 11 1.3.3 Purpose of the Helper 12 1.3.4 Relevant Core Relational Conditions 12 1.3.5 Degree of Structure needed 13 1.3.6 In What Format Does Counselling Take Place 14 1.4 DIVORCE COUNSELLING 16 1.4.1 Definition of Divorce Counselling 16 1.4.2 Purpose of Divorce Counselling 16 1.4.3 Purpose of the Helper 16 1.4.4 Relevant Core Relational Conditions 17 1.4.5 Degree of Structure needed 18 1.4.6 In What Format Does Counselling Take Place 19 1.5 DIVORCE MEDIATION 20 1.5.1 Definition of Divorce Mediation 20 1.5.2 Purpose of Couples Counselling 20 1.5.3 Purpose of the Helper 20 1.5.4 Relevant Core Relational Conditions...
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...Professional practice in counselling. Counselling is defined as several talking therapies delivered by counsellors to bring about an effective change or enhance their well-being (BACP, 2010). People who are in need of counselling are those who are experiencing difficulties while dealing with problems and those who are distressed psychologically, physically and/or spiritually. However, not all of these people who undergo these problems actually approach counsellors. These people are usually left in a state of indecision. Counselling offers a way to tackle this; through means of supportive and empathic relationship between the client and the counsellor to provide a framework for emotions to be delved into, as well as behaviours and thinking patterns. This would improve the client’s condition through the facilitation of benign changes. However counselling does not solve the client’s problem, counsellors merely serve as guides, assisting the client through their problems. Counselling can stretch over any period of time. Counselling typically uses a theory-based approach, usually with the psychoanalytic, person-centred, cognitive behavioural and psychodynamic theories being utilised. Depending on the theory or theories used, the counselling could either be directive or non-directive. Directive counselling refers to the counsellor advising and helping the client to realise his goals, while the non-directive approach, predictably does the opposite. Counselling would require a large amount...
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... An introduction to counselling Introduction Stories of counselling Paula’s story: coming to terms with trauma Myra’s story: being depressed Matthew’s story: everything is getting on top of me Laura’s story: finding the right counsellor What is counselling? Defining counselling The relationship between counselling and psychotherapy Counselling and other helping professions The diversity of theory and practice in counselling The aims of counselling Counselling as an interdisciplinary area of study A user-centred definition of counselling Conclusions Chapter summary Topics for reflection and discussion Key terms and concepts Suggested further reading Introduction Counselling is a wonderful twentieth-century invention. We live in a complex, busy, changing world. In this world, there are many different types of experience that are difficult for people to cope with. Most of the time, we get on with life, but sometimes we are stopped in our tracks by an event or situation that we do not, at that moment, have the resources to sort out. Most of the time, we find ways of dealing with such problems in living by talking to family, friends, neighbours, priests or our family doctor. But occasionally their advice is not sufficient, or we are too embarrassed or ashamed to tell them what is bothering us, or we just don’t have an appropriate 2 An introduction to counselling person to turn to. Counselling is a really useful option at these moments. In most places, counselling is available fairly quickly...
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...GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING Dr. Santhosh Areekkuzhiyil Asst. Professor, Govt. College of teacher Education, Thalassery, Kerala 9447847053 santhoshclt@gmail.com Teachers as helping professionals have to come across many situations which demand guidance and counselling help from them. Students require counselling and guidance. Now a day the guidance and counselling is an integral part of teaching. In this lesson we will discuss meaning, types and importance of guidance and counselling. GUIDANCE Guidance is a personalised assistance made readily available by a sympathetic, mature, experienced and personally qualified person to a needy person. A variety of definitions are available for guidance. “Guidance is a process of helping individual’s through his own efforts to discover and develop their potentialities for personal happiness and social usefulness” -Moris “Guidance as kinds of help given by one person to another in developing ability, making adjustments and problems that confront him in attainment of his goals” - Jones Guidance is an ‘umbrella term’ involving several functions such as publications, information, institutions, testing, counselling services, etc. Guidance is not carrying others burden, but enabling them to carry their burden themselves. Types of Guidance 1. Educational Guidance Educational guidance is aimed to help students to solve their problems related to education at different levels of education...
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...ESSAY COVER SHEET SS1112 Multicultural, Child and Adolescent Counselling Subject Coordinator: Mishelle Ryan STUDENT’S LAST NAME: TEO FIRST NAME (Preferred name): JASMINE ASSESSMENT TASK: PERSONAL POSITION ESSAY QUESTION: REFLECT ON ISSUES PERTAINING TO MULTICULTURAL COUNSELLING, SUCH AS RACE AND GENDER. HIGHLIGHT PERSONAL VALUES AND BELIEFS THAT MAY HAVE AN IMPACT ON THE COUNSELLING PROCESS. CLARIFY AND IDENTIFY YOUR BASIC CHARACTERISTICS, VALUES AND BELIEFS IN THESE ISSUES. TITLE: PERSONAL POSITION ESSAY WORD COUNT: 1213 TUTORIAL DAY & TIME: MONDAY 1500 – 1750 STUDY PERIOD/YEAR: SP51/2015 Personal Position Essay Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines Jasmine Teo James Cook University...
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...INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELLING SKILLS FOR A TRAINEE COUNSELLOR: INTRODUCTION: I am going to address some of the main points and processes that a trainee counsellor will need to understand, to use in counselling sessions. It will include the process of initiating, maintaining and developing a relationship between a counsellor and anyone using counselling for the first time. INITIATING A RELATIONSHIP: The initiating of a relationship in counselling could involve a telephone consultation to arrange appropriate appointment time and location where the first meeting will be held it will also have the name of the counsellor who will be holding the sessions. A letter could also be sent to start the initiating process between a counsellor and the client. It will contain the appointment time, location and the name of the counsellor who will be conducting the sessions. Before the initial meeting takes place the counsellor will ask the reception to inform them that the client has arrived. They will prepare the consultation room by setting the chairs in a position where eye contact can be maintained, but personal space respected. They will make sure the room is at the right temperature, if warm having a window open a little. Have tissues on the table in case they are required and check that any paper work is in the right order and the correct forms if any are required. On the arrival of the client the counsellor introduces...
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...STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS COUNSELLING: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY by KATLEGO FANDIE This thesis is submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree Philosophiae Doctor in the FACULTY OF THE HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY at the UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE BLOEMFONTEIN January 2015 Promoter: Prof. L. Naudé DECLARATION I declare that the thesis hereby submitted by Katlego Fandie for the degree Philosophiae Doctor at the University of the Free State is my own independent work and has not previously been submitted by me at another University/Faculty. I further more cede copyright of the thesis in favour of the University of the Free State. SIGNATURE: _____________________________ DATE:____________________________ i DECLARATION OF SUPERVISOR ii PROOF OF LANGUAGE EDITOR 083 2877088 +27 51 4367975 corrieg@mweb.co.za CORRIE GELDENHUYS POSBUS 28537 DANHOF 9310 3 January 2015 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN Herewith I, Cornelia Geldenhuys (ID 521114 0083 088) declare that I am a qualified, accredited language practitioner and that I have edited the following PhD thesis by Katlego Fandie: STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS COUNSELLING: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY All changes were indicated by track changes and comments, to be addressed by the researcher. ............................................................ C GELDENHUYS MA (LIN – cum laude), MA (Mus), HED, HDLB, UTLM ACCREDITED MEMBER OF SATI –...
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...CAREER GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING IN MALAYSIA: DEVELOPMENT AND TRENDS Assoc. Prof. Dr. Quek Ai Hwa University of Malaya Career Guidance and Counselling in Malaysia: Development and Trends Assoc. Prof. Dr. Quek Ai Hwa Education Faculty, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract This paper extends a comprehensive presentation of career guidance and counselling in Malaysia by addressing development and trends, which may have implications for Asian counsellors. Attention is drawn on career guidance development in Malaysia which spanned over four decades of practice starting with its introduction into the educational system and progressing as a social service in the Malaysian society. Discussion proceeds onto the modernity impact of society on career guidance together with reviewing factors like policy legislation aimed at legitimising counselling practice including career counselling to-date in Malaysia. Given the prevalence of information technology (IT) and rapid changes in labour market conditions (including work culture as well as structure) brought about by science and technology (S&T) in many Asian countries including Malaysia, it is relevant to discuss some of the challenges to Asian career counsellors in general and with special reference to Malaysian counterparts. These challenges include preparedness of counsellors to handle career cases in societies which are in transition from production oriented to technology...
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...relationship to facilitate emotional acceptance, self-knowledge, of personal resources and growth. The aim is to provide a chance to work toward living a more satisfyingly and resourcefully life. Counselling relationships vary depending on the clients need, but may be related with developmental issues, decision making, crisis improving relationships with others, developing personal insights and knowledge, running through feelings of inner conflict or coping with. The above bring one of the roles of counselling as to facilitate the client work in ways that respect their values, capacity and personal resources and an opportunity to achieve self- determination. Counselling provides an opportunity for people to talk about disturbing and troubling issues in their life.it also help them explore their feelings in a way that is free from intrusion, dependable and confidential. A counsellor should respect an individual’s view point, helping him deal with his definite problems, improve relationships and cope with various crises. As we have seen here, counselling covers a broad spectrum; it usually comes from a professional counsellor to the patient. In simple can be referred to as a talking therapy involves talking, listening, reflecting back to what the patient says or clarifying. Counselling does not involve...
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...Evaluate the Claim That Person Centred Therapy Offers the Therapist All That He/She Will Need to Treat Clients In this essay I will be linking the advantages and disadvantages of Person Centred Therapy and trying to establish whether a therapist can treat all clients successfully using just the one approach or whether it is more beneficial to the client for the therapist to use a more multi-disciplinary approach. I will be looking at the origins of this therapy with specific reference to Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers and exploring the important foundations essential for the therapy to be recognised as patient centred. The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (www.bacp.co.uk) state that Person Centred Counselling ‘is based on the assumption that a client seeking help in the resolution of a problem they are experiencing, can enter into a relationship with a counsellor who is sufficiently accepting and permissive to allow the client to freely express any emotions and feelings. This will enable the client to come to terms with negative feelings, which may have caused emotional problems, and develop inner resources. The objective is for the client to become able to see himself as a person, with the power and freedom to change, rather than as an object’. Another definition is www.ncge.ie/handbook PCC ‘focuses on the here and now and not on the childhood origins of the clients’ problems’. The emphasis is on the environment created by the counsellor which...
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...Evaluate the Claim That Person Centred Therapy Offers the Therapist All That He/She Will Need to Treat Clients In this essay I will be linking the advantages and disadvantages of Person Centred Therapy and trying to establish whether a therapist can treat all clients successfully using just the one approach or whether it is more beneficial to the client for the therapist to use a more multi-disciplinary approach. I will be looking at the origins of this therapy with specific reference to Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers and exploring the important foundations essential for the therapy to be recognised as patient centred. The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (www.bacp.co.uk) state that Person Centred Counselling ‘is based on the assumption that a client seeking help in the resolution of a problem they are experiencing, can enter into a relationship with a counsellor who is sufficiently accepting and permissive to allow the client to freely express any emotions and feelings. This will enable the client to come to terms with negative feelings, which may have caused emotional problems, and develop inner resources. The objective is for the client to become able to see himself as a person, with the power and freedom to change, rather than as an object’. Another definition is www.ncge.ie/handbook PCC ‘focuses on the here and now and not on the childhood origins of the clients’ problems’. The emphasis is on the environment created by the counsellor which...
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..."There are a broad range of counselling micro skills that can be utilized effectively in therapy sessions. Within the context of their personal history, effective micro skill applications can encourage clients to tell their stories in colourful and extensive detail. Such effective implementation of micro skills facilitates the development of rapport and a positive therapeutic alliance thereby permitting clients to enrich their perspectives regarding problem and opportunity situations in their lives (Egan, 2007). Three important counseling techniques will be explored, all of which have been clinically demonstrated to be efficacious in a broad range of counseling settings (Egan). The skills of active listening, empathy and sharing empathic highlights will be discussed and analysed within the framework of a counselling case study. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to examine the use, efficacy and deficiencies of how these skills were employed within a counselling session with a mother, let's call her Mary. Mary presented to counselling with a five year history of frustrated attempts to get her daughter to sleep consistently in her own bed. On one hand, she had gone to extraordinary efforts to influence and sustain effective sleep patterns in her daughter. On the other, a feeling of being out of control permeated drained resourcefulness. Mary felt she was too compliant with her daughter's unwilling behaviour and sought help from a counsellor. The surface structure of...
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...ETHICAL ISSUES IN COUNSELLING Introduction In recent years, counsellors have taken important steps to develop clearer professional identity. Counsellors regard themselves as a specialised sub-group within the helping professions. A critical criterion for any professional group is the development and utilization of relevant ethical standards. Knowledge about ethical issues is important as these issues have legal implications. The topic under discussion also presents examples of issues of ethical concern, which may crop up in the course of counselling and how to deal with them. The study of this issues will enable the counsellor to: * avoid legal complications in the course of his/her work as a counsellor * deal appropriately with ethical issues * advise committee members appropriately on complications of counselling the students Ethics According to Ackummey (2003) Ethics are the dos and don’ts of a profession. They are the agreed standard or code governing the profession. Every profession such as teaching, law, medicine and nursing, has its own ethics. Counsellors are increasingly searching for professional status and as such need to satisfy the criteria for every profession. In Ghana, the counselling profession is still young and does not have any specific code of conduct like the teaching profession but there are general universal guidelines to which every counsellor is expected to conform. Guidelines Some of the guidelines a counsellor must use include the following:...
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...Career is an important aspect in an individual’s life, it is important to equip an individual with skills and understanding to make an appropriate career transition and support them throughout life. This is essential for an effective functioning of an economy and also for individual well - being. The job of career guidance counselling is thus very important. By facilitating successful transitions into paid employment, high quality careers guidance can also help ameliorate social deprivation and poverty: The role of career guidance is vital as there are mounting evidence suggests that an individual’s level of consumption, self-esteem, social-status, and even happiness depend to a large extent on not just income, but also social status, associated with occupational attainment. (Brown, Sessions and Taylor, 2004, p 20) This is one offered by Arthur et al (1989) who proposed that career is ‘the evolving sequence of a person’s work experiences over time’ (p8).It plays a role in raising career expectations and aspirations of pupils (Brown et al, 2004) and may also enhance broader school effectiveness (Killeen et al, 1999). Osipow and Fitzgerald (1996) postulate that the concept of career has recently undergone a transformation (p50) and distinguish between career choice as a point-in-time ‘event’ and a developmental ‘process’ over a longer period of time (p54). Whilst acknowledging that broader definitions (which include life roles and life span) have emerged, they suggest a more...
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