...Vernacular Architecture by Robert Brown and Daniel Maudlin A dialectic on different interpretations of what Vernacular Architecture really is. Considered as other during time to becoming the past two decades as a mean of reference,posterity, accumulation and continuity in Architecture. Vernacular is seen these days not only synonym of traditional architecture but also associate to contemporary architecture that reflect any style. To certain critics the term Vernacular Architecture ( V A ) is associated to a specific category of people from which constructs have been made during time and space with no real knowledge of architecture, and later transferred from one generation to another. Vernacular also referred to great human values and cultural impact of specific people. and portrayed a political explanation to enforce national and sub national identities. A definition not universally make it the everyday in term of buildings during the 18 Century to become contemporary from the anonymous mass produced trailers to the suburban condo development, per Robert Venturi say. -The every day : Vacant lots, back of buildings, underside of bridges, industrial structure, power station.. - From traditional to everyday means a broad mixture of unrelated buildings, but still not considered Architecture by Architects and Architecture historians. - Considered as other : Vernacular is not Architecture, nor part of Architecture practice, low,neither of a source of learning , inspiration nor critique...
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...Effects of the Vernacular Language Candace Rayford Aiu Online- Huma215-1204-20 September 2012 Abstract The Vernacular Language- simply defined as the language spoken in the streets (Sayre, 2010). This is the language that will be heard spoken amongst the common people, and used to define and identify the groups of people. The Vernacular Language impacted and changed the cultures during the early centuries. There are several factors that contribute and are responsible for the rise and spread of the vernacular language. A few of the main contributors that will be discussed in the following reading are the demand of spreading religion, demand of education, and the need of a commonly spoken language for the literature to be produced in to be available to all. The first ones to begin the practice of the vernacular language within their works of literacy were the French. France begin this in the twelfth century, a year later at the beginning of the 14th century, vernacular language had spread to parts of Europe, eventually taking over Europe. Gradually as this language made its way through the regions, writers began to expand their works to a bigger audience by writing in the vernacular. One of the greatest writers to use the vernacular language in their work was the poet Dante Alighieri (1265-1321). Normally reading and writing were skills that only a small number of people possessed. The literacy in Latin was generally limited to the people of the upper class and members...
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...HUMA215 – Vernacular Language Jennifer James American Intercontinental University Abstract You will see the spread and research of the vernacular language. You will see the cultural impact that vernacular language had during this period. Vernacular Language The ways of the medieval was impacted by Latin. The rise of the Roman Empire became well known for the Latin until 1200 A.D. when the Empire fell. For several years it was ruling the western world. The spread of the Latin language was due to where the Roman Empire ruled. The empire began to fall around 1200 A.D. and the Latin language began to disappear. The changes and the ethical renewal began with the people farthest way. The vernacular languages of others were used instead of the Latin language. Returning to old English Alfred the Great was an influence. He had written many old English books while in power. A few books that were written in old English but consisted of Latin characteristics were Beowulf and Angelo Saxton Chronicles. During this time there were several vernaculars in English. You vernacular language was determined by what social class you were in; the English language was spoken language in the lower class. The entertainers that traveled used the vernacular language. In some situations in judicial the vernacular language in the France form was used. Romance was a huge percent of the vernacular in France. These came from musicians who told stories when they were passing through and individuals...
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...arguments to the Senate and other countries by using English. If we were in the period of time, everything important would be in Latin. The journey of language was not an overnight change. Other languages also help shape our language as we know it now. I often wonder where languages come from. Not such different dialactes that come with different areas of the United States. But during the origins of language with its spread from culture to culture came changes. Now that there is a different means to communicate, people may not agree with one another. According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, the term vernacular can be defined as using a language that is native to a country or province rather than a cultured, foreign, or literary language (Merriam-Webster, 2011). These languages would one day be known as Portuguese, French, Spanish, Italian, and etc. The vernacular languages would also be considered as the large family of contemporary “Romance” languages. Before the twelfth century, Latin was the major language that was used. Especially by writers, This means all of the books were in Latin. This is how teachings and traditions were passed down. This affected the development of a society. “The developments of Latin were influenced by other native languages which included Celtic languages, Greek, and Etruscan” (University of Calgary, 1996). Over the years Latin became used less. So over time maybe even the meaning of different Latin words may have changed meaning. Latin...
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...LE1028 Texts in Action Assignment 1 Katherine Luesley According to Suzanne Romaine (2000:21) ‘register is typically concerned with variation in language conditioned by uses… and involves consideration of the situation or context of use, the purpose, subject matter and content of the message, and the relationship between participants.’ Consequently, my interpretation is that register can be - but is not solely - identified through linguistic choices and style. It is dependent upon the linguistic context and social situation surrounding the text- which can be identified as genre. Therefore, register is the language variety which results from the genre. Genre differs from register in that it is mainly applied to literary texts or texts which hold strict conventions such as newspapers, poetry, fictional writing and legal documents. Naturally then, to carry out a genre analysis would mean looking at a complete text rather than an excerpt as stated by Biber and Conrad (2009: 17-18) ‘Text excerpts are not adequate for genre analysis, because they do not necessarily represent the linguistic conventions that define the genre’. The data I obtained [Item 1] shows clearly that during the 24 hour period I received a larger range of differing language registers in comparison to the quantity that I produced. Language varieties I received came from a variety of contexts surrounding the text for example, listening to a lecturer deliver a presentation was formal in its approach and address...
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...are responsible for the rise of the vernacular language. The French were the first do their literacy work in the vernacular language. Vernacular language spread throughout Europe by the 14th century. | Historical Foundations- Latin America For many years the Latin language was dominating the western world. It had a very large impact on the medieval way of life. The ones that lived the farthest away began going through the changes first. There were a lot of people that chose to use their vernacular language rather than Latin. The English had several vernaculars at this time. Depending on which social class you were in, was the vernacular language that you used. Germany started using the vernacular language as early as the eighth century. The vernacular language was being used in most of Europe by the fourteenth century. They weren’t worried so much about the grammar and spelling though, they were just concerned that the people with different languages would be able to read and to understand a very common language and communicate with each other. There was a big impact on the cultures due to the vernacular languages. The Latin language seemed to be disappearing, but with three possible outcomes. They thought that fewer people would be literate and hold power over the ones that couldn’t use it. They were thinking that maybe everyone needed to learn the Latin language, even though the language was disappearing. Then there was the vernacular language that could be adopted and then...
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...Running Head: Origins of Vernacular Language Unit 1: Origins of Vernacular Language Brittany Austin Instructor: Cheryl Lemus HUMA215-1101A-02 February 17, 2011 Origins of Vernacular Language According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, the term vernacular can be defined as using a language that is native to a country or province rather than a cultured, foreign, or literary language (Merriam-Webster, 2011). These languages would one day be known as Portuguese, French, Spanish, Italian, and etc. The vernacular languages would also be considered as the large family of contemporary “Romance” languages (Matthews, 2011). Before the twelfth century, Latin was the major language that was used by writers. The developments of Latin were influenced by other native languages which included Celtic languages, Greek, and Etruscan (University of Calgary, 1996). Latin was continuously developed because there were significant differences in each period. These differences included those in the literary written language, and also in the differences in the spoken language of the educated and the less educated populace. Between 500 – 100 after the Empire, the peninsula was also using the vernacular language in the form of popular celebrations of religious festivals, improvisational troupes of actors, story-tellers, etc (Matthews, 2011). However none of the literature was written down and handed down...
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...Final Assignment Report Abstract Environmental design in architecture encompasses factors relating to the natural environment, and can be measured through the various green building council principles and guidelines. However it also needs to be seen holistically as an expression of culture, it defines the human environment. In this way regionalism is important, successful environmental design tempers and is able to manipulate the climate, or human senses, or both, here the thermal experience is introduced and the ecology of heat is important. Today, with the evidence to climate change indisputable, successful tempering, of the climate; this ecology of heat for human comfort range cannot simply be through the air-conditioner, it can turn to GBC's as a first step, but additionally it must look to design for the climate, for regionalism, with specific techniques and strategies. This will be looked at in detail by examining the works of Costa Rican Architect Bruno Stagno, both in his designs for buildings in the tropics, his formation of the Institute of Tropical Architecture (Instituto de Arquitectura Tropical) and his various writings relating to architecture and regionalism. Included in this is his approach to eco principles and how this has, and could benefit a Costa Rican GBC adoption of LEED. Introduction With today's contemporary architectural discourse, and indeed building industry, an outsider looking in can be excused for thinking environmental design is simply...
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...Architecture as form of Art Abstract Art was always an inspiration to works in architecture. Architects have always rifled around looking for inspiration from art around us and tried to integrate it with building designs. The Husain-Doshi Gufa renamed, as Amdavad Gufa, a unique art gallery was designed by the architect B.V.Doshi and housed works of his friend a famous artist M.F.Husain in city of Ahmedabad, India. It was designed as an underground gallery with structure consisting of domes, curvilinear walls, tree shaped columns, contoured floors and snouts on domes for light source. The gallery enchanted the people with the surreal sensation of being in a cave. The wall of the gallery has acted as a canvas on which the artist Husain doodled paintings similar to the art in Palaeolithic caves. The entire structure was conceptualized on the confluence of sustainable and vernacular practises alongside the theme drawn from organic architecture. Turtle shell, domes, mountains, and Buddha caves of Ajanta & Ellora inspired the form of the building. The gallery was built underground with china mosaic finish on the top of the domes in order to encounter the harsh heat of the city. The gallery has stood out against the conventional dictum of white cube ideology and opened the dialogue between art and architecture and their mutual dependence. The gallery has brought a distinctive confluence of art in architecture, where the architecture is piece of art itself showcasing art works. But...
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...Theory of Architecture 2: Manuals Architectural Design Process and Methodologies The question of the actual design process and methodology of design is more confusing when dealing with architectural design because architectural design more often involves in a team work. Before, most architects are considered more of an artist; they can design but was not able to explain or defends the need to add a significant amount of funds for the particular design. In today’s architectural trends, there are set of rules and guidelines to be followed that could affect or help in making a design. The process should involve the following step. [TSSF Inc.] 1. Assemble the team – As stated above the architectural design involves a team of people. At the outset of the project there should be a scheduling or at least a tentative assembly of efficient architects and consultant who identify the project’s scope and purpose. There should be a project’s team leader who holds the overall responsibility and identifying the right person/s in their fields. 2. Clear Communication – As again stated before, the design part involves a team. The communication should be always available for any enquiry of the different involves, especially for the owner or their representative/s. The Project Architect coordinates regular meetings to design staff, specialists and the Owner’s representative. 3. Budget and Cost Control - Cost control is critical to the success of any project. This is true...
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...at Perth Technical College and then pursued his studies in University of Western Australia and graduated in 1968. He was one of the first eight architecture degree graduates of the university. After graduated, he worked for Jeffrey Howlett and Bailey in Perth for three years, from 1969 to 1971. He worked at new Perth Concert Hall and acknowledged Jeffrey Howlett as his important mentor in architecture. Then, he began to apply for jobs in United States but had no luck. He finally accepted to work for Palmer & Turner in Hong Kong and left Australia in 1972, to discover an uncertain journey that would inevitably inform the next 40 years of his practice. His first project as he took up his position in the firm was as a resident site architect for Bali Hyatt Hotel project in Bali, Indonesia. However, the project which supposed took about three months had been extended for more than 30 years. The project was never done, but it led to another project within this region. This is the starting point where he was introduced into a small community of Australian expatriates which included senior architect Peter Muller and the painter Donald Friend, old Asia hands, which then lead mark this an important period in crafting attitude to living and working in Asia, to respond on the differences between the culture and mysteries of Asia architecture. From 1974 to 1978 he was given responsibilities to manage the Palmer & Turner office branch in Jakarta. He finally established his own firm...
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...Gerardo Mosquera GLOBALIZATION: SOME CULTURAL PREDICAMENTS The opening pages give an overview of the life and works of Gerardo Mosquera and some of the works he has done and written. The focus of this body of work is that of globalization, Mosquera seeks to define what globalization is, whom it affects and how it impacts on regions. The globalization that we imagine i.e. having interconnectivity with each other around the whole planet is different to that of the author. His beliefs are that globalization is a series of circuits passing information among each other. Essentially it is a series of centres and circuits connected. The information that these connections transfer is economics, culture and basic communication. articlemarket.blogspot.com Globalisation has an impacted on culture, by making culture known to the wider world seeks to legitimize it and make new epistemes. Instead of expanding our global space globalization seeks to make the global experience more intimate. Urbanization is the product of globalization when people move from the edges usually consisting of the countryside they are drawn to these centers (megalopolis). www.communicationagents.com The influx of people lead to city growth and further development and a bi-product of this urbanization is that of physical and mental displacement. Globalization and borders are linked, within this movement the world is being brought closer together and both physical and mental boundaries/borders...
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...Introduction “What is Architecture? Architecture is a civilization’s way of giving form to itself. It is not only expressive of culture but actively participates in shaping it. Architecture is society’s most public and visible art; through it we profess our most cherished values, patterns and skills. As a discipline architecture has its roots both in art and science. It demands the love of precision, geometry, and order as well as a passion for mystery, wonder, and the unknown. Good architects are deeply concerned about society and culture. They are critical thinkers, with a reflective sense of history and a visionary, though grounded, attitude toward the future. They not only mirror the attitudes of society, but contribute to its direction. The study of architecture involves an exploration of diverse disciplines that influence the built environment. Architectural education is, by necessity, the most comprehensive course of university studies. It not only prepares students for a future in the profession of architecture but provides an extraordinary foundation for a multitude of interdisciplinary and related design fields. Students learn not only to handle the conflicting demands of function, aesthetics, technology and economy, but are trained in a variety of means of expression including writing, model-making, drawing, photography, video, digital media, and verbal presentations. If you aspire to be a professional with a social mission, if you appreciate the value of science...
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...vast moment, I saw millions of actions, some pleasurable, some horrible; none of them amazed me as much as the fact that they all existed at the same point, not superimposed, and not transparent. What my eyes saw was simultaneous. Jorge Luis Borges, El Aleph TRADITION AND AVANT-GARDE Traditional architecture and the avant-garde tendency are usually thought of as two opposed extremes. Because we are accustomed to defining tradition as something fixed, immovable, and the avant-garde position as what is progressive, we relate traditional architecture to a specific, pre-existing style and avant-garde architecture to the use of new technologies. When tradition plays a part in contemporary architecture it is most frequently as an aesthetic consideration in which the most obvious element is the use of some style from the past. At the other end of the spectrum is the avant-garde tendency, where the latest technology is the means architects use to achieve novel forms of expression. Both of these perceptions are limited. Not only are they presented to us as two extremes of one thing, opposed to one another, but also as excluding one another. An architecture that follows a given style cannot be avant-garde because it makes use of compositional rules derived from the past; it is backward-looking and dependent on various forms of counterfeit to create the look of a bygone era. It is this tendency which, starting in the 1970s, has gained momentum as an option and has...
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...HISTORY AND THEORY STUDIES FIRST YEAR Terms 1 and 2 Course Lecturers: CHRISTOPHER PIERCE / BRETT STEELE (Term 1) Course Lecturer: PIER VITTORIO AURELI (Term 2) Course Tutor: MOLLIE CLAYPOOL Teaching Assistants: FABRIZIO BALLABIO SHUMI BOSE POL ESTEVE Course Structure The course runs for 3 hours per week on Tuesday mornings in Terms 1 and 2. There are four parallel seminar sessions. Each seminar session is divided into parts, discussion and submission development. Seminar 10.00-12.00 Mollie Claypool, Fabrizio Ballabio, Shumi Bose and Pol Esteve Lecture 12.00-13.00 Christopher Pierce, Brett Steele and Pier Vittorio Aureli Attendance Attendance is mandatory to both seminars and lectures. We expect students to attend all lectures and seminars. Attendance is tracked to both seminars and lectures and repeated absence has the potential to affect your final mark and the course tutor and undergraduate coordinator will be notified. Marking Marking framework adheres to a High Pass with Distinction, High Pass, Pass, Low Pass, Complete-toPass system. Poor attendance can affect this final mark. Course Materials Readings for each week are provided both online on the course website at aafirstyearhts.wordpress.com and on the course library bookshelf. Students are expected to read each assigned reading every week to be discussed in seminar. The password to access the course readings is “readings”. TERM 1: CANONICAL BUILDINGS, PROJECTS, TEXTS In this first term of...
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