...Abstract This paper discusses the sensitive and controversial topic of horse slaughter for human consumption and zoo animals, although, currently banned in the United States due to key legislative acts in 2006-2007. The argument addressed will touch on the advantages, and disadvantages of lifting the horse slaughter ban in the U.S. The advantages include but are not limited to, horse welfare, economic revenue and profit, and restoration of the failing horse market. Disadvantages are, again, welfare depending on how you view the topic, as well as drug and medication regulation due to the fact that horses are not raised specifically for their meat products. Introduction Horses have been used for numerous activities, duties, and jobs over thousands of years. These uses in early years range from field work like plowing, to transportation, as well as aiding and assisting during war. As civilization became more advanced, horses were needed less and less for utility. Horsemanship slowly converted into more of an art form with the purpose of enhancing the horse’s strength and beauty (Mutsune, 2012). In the modern world of 2015, horses are purchased as equine athletes for many different horse events such as showing, racing, or rodeo to name a few in general. Most of the time, these animals are being used for recreational hobbies or pure enjoyment, as economic profit in the horse industry is rare. Most equine businesses struggle to operate due to the current economy. Horses can...
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...From Compliance to Practice Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke SFB-Governance Working Paper Series 25 • October 2011 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 „Governance In Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?“ The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sara Gebh/Anna Jüschke All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to sfb700@zedat.fu-berlin.de. Börzel, Tanja A./ Hönke, Jana 2011: From Compliance to Practice. Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 25, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, October 2011. ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet)...
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...Independent Institute Working Paper Number 53 September 27, 2004 100 Swan Way, Oakland, CA 94621-1428 • 510-632-1366 • Fax: 510-568-6040 • Email: info@independent.org • http://www.independent.org Sweatshops and Third World Living Standards: Are the Jobs Worth the Sweat? Benjamin Powell and David Skarbek• Department of Economics San Jose State University San Jose, CA 95192-0114 benjamin.powell@sjsu.edu ABSTRACT Many studies have shown that multinational firms pay more than domestic firms in Third World countries. Economists critical of sweatshops have responded that multinational firms’ wage data do not address whether sweatshop jobs are above average because many of these jobs are with domestic subcontractors. In this paper we compare apparel industry wages and the wages of individual firms accused of being sweatshops to measures of the standard of living in Third World economies. We find that most sweatshop jobs provide an above average standard of living for their workers. Benjamin Powell is an Assistant Professor of Economics at San Jose State University and the Director of the Center for the Study of Entrepreneurial Innovation at the Independent Institute. David Skarbek is an economics major at San Jose State University and intern at the Independent Institute. The authors thank Jeffery Hummel, Charles Murray, Larry Pratt and Edward Stringham for helpful comments on earlier drafts. Financial support from the American Institute for Economic Research is gratefully acknowledged...
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...assisted his first patient, Janet Adkins, into death. News of Adkins’ death made him a national celebrity and criminal, but ultimately encouraged Kevorkian to rebel and proceed with what he considered, his duty. Murad Kevorkian, better known as Dr. Jack Kevorkian was born on May 26, 1928, in Pontiac, Michigan. He was the middle of 3 children (two girls and himself), born to Levon and Satenig Kevorkian; Armenian immigrants and refugees. Jack had appreciation for his strict upbringing; however he had conflicting religious viewpoints with his parents. At the age of 12, he stopped attending church with his family. He felt that if there were a God who could make his son walk on water, he would also have been able to prevent the Turkish slaughter of his entire extended family (bio.com, 2013). After he debated God's existence, he concluded that there were not...
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...Introduction Since the indefinite commercial whaling moratorium was introduced in 1986, the whaling nations have killed around 15,000 whales between them. At the time of writing, the Japanese whaling fleet has just returned from Antarctic waters where a further 300 or so minke whales have been killed for so called ‘research’, in open defiance of world public opinion and the IWC which has never validated the Japanese programme. The meat from those dead whales will end up on sale in Japanese restaurants and on supermarket shelves. Japan is not only defying the global moratorium on commercial whaling, it is killing whales in a sanctuary agreed by the IWC in 1994. Japan has ‘recruited’ many countries to the IWC to support the resumption of commercial whaling using foreign aid packages. If the ban is lost it will be a disaster for whale conservation efforts. This report presents the many reasons why the ban on commercial whaling must be maintained and properly enforced. We cannot wipe away the tragic history of commercial whaling, but we can, and must, prevent its repetition. The Natural History of Whales Whales belong to the order of mammals known as Cetacea. There are about 80 species of cetaceans, including all the dolphins and porpoises, as well as the ten so-called ‘great’ whale species, which have borne the brunt of commercial whaling. Cetaceans are believed to have evolved from land mammals, which adapted to an aquatic existence about 50 million years ago. They are superbly...
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...11 Position Papers I f you like to argue, you will enjoy writing position papers and argument essays. The purpose of a position paper or argument essay is to explain both sides of a controversy and then argue for one side over the other. This two-sided approach is what makes position papers and argument essays different from commentaries (Chapter 10). A commentary usually only expresses the author’s personal opinion about a current issue or event. A position paper or argument essay explains both sides and discusses why one is stronger or better than the other. Your goal is to fairly explain your side and your opponents’ side of the issue, while highlighting the differences between these opposing views. You need to use solid reasoning and factual evidence to persuade your readers that your view is more valid or advantageous than your opponents’ view. In college, your professors will ask you to write position papers and argument essays to show that you understand both sides of an issue and can support one side or the other. In the workplace, corporate position papers are used to argue for or against business strategies or alternatives. The ability to argue effectively is a useful skill that will help you throughout your life. 221 CHAPTER AT–A–GLANCE Position Papers This diagram shows two basic organizations for a position paper, but other arrangements of these sections will work too. In the pattern on the left, the opponents’ position is described up front with its...
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...Joseph Lo Bianco with Yvette Slaughter Australian Council for Educational Research First published 2009 by ACER Press Australian Council for Educational Research 19 Prospect Hill Road, Camberwell, Victoria, 3124 Copyright © 2009 Australian Council for Educational Research All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Copyright Act 1968 of Australia and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publishers. Edited by Carolyn Glascodine Cover illustration by ACER Project Publishing Typeset by ACER Project Publishing Printed by BPA Print Group National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Title: ISBN: Series: Notes: Subjects: Lo Bianco, Joseph. Second languages and Australian schooling / Joseph Lo Bianco ; Yvette Slaughter. 9780864318374 (pbk) Australian education review ; 54. Bibliography. Language and languages--Study and teaching--Australia. Language and languages--Study and teaching—Bilingual method. Education, Bilingual--Australia. Other Authors/Contributors: Slaughter, Yvette. Australian Council for Educational Research. Dewey Number: 370.11750994 Visit our website: www.acer.edu.au Acknowledgment The Author and Series Editor wish to acknowledge the contribution of Dr Yvette Slaughter, Senior Research Fellow, School of Languages...
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...ISIS’ CATACLYSMISM: A PHILOSOPHICAL APPRAISAL By Dominic E.B. Anyalagbuna 1. ABSTRACT: The very inhumane hazards of the so-called Islamic militant group named ISIS are indeed highly cataclysmic! However, this paper is faced with the problem of undertaking a philosophical examination of the named group. This, the paper does, using the critical-evaluative method by considering their history, aims and activities. Upon this examination, this work discovers that, among other relevant theories, this rebel group seems to be operating on the Transcendental Idealism of Immanuel Kant which states that ‘only ideas in the mind exist,’ though one cannot absolutely arrive at it. This theory follows from the militants’ idea of Muhammad’s prophecy that ‘there will be a time when the whole world will be subjected under a ‘caliphate,’ with a ‘caliph’ as their head. Nevertheless, in the end, this treatise highlights that the solution to ISIS’s crisis is mental and intellectual re-formation. In such-wise, this work adequately recommends an urgent mental re-configuration founded on re-interpretation of the Quran among these Islamic extremists, which fundamentally, is the task of philosophy to rationally and critically accomplish. 2. PREAMBLE: There is a profound state of topsy-turvy in almost the whole countries of the world, but principally and most intensely in Syria and Iraq. This is superabundantly generated by the insurgent undertakings of the Islamic militants baptised ISIS. However, there...
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...coordinator of strategic management programs for for-profit and nonprofit international organizations. His main area of research is language and the coordination of collaborative work, especially conversation and its impact on strategy formulation and execution. Stephanie Missonier is assistant professor of project management and information systems strategy and governance at the Institute of Information Systems at the HEC Lausanne-UNIL, Faculty of Business and Economics, Switzerland. Her degrees include an M.A. in management and a Ph.D. in management information systems from the University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis in France. Her research interest focuses on information systems project management and the understanding of reasons of failures and troubles. Her work has appeared in Journal of Organizational Change Management, and in French journals such as Système d’Information et Management, and proceedings of international conferences such as the European Conference on Information Systems and European Group for Organizational Studies. Riccardo Bonazzi is professor of business model innovation at the University of Applied Science (HES-SO) of Sierre, Switzerland, where he is in charge of the project management course. He received his Ph.D. in compliance support systems from the Information Systems Institute of the University of Lausanne. Dr. Bonazzi’s main research...
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...L 304/18 EN Official Journal of the European Union 22.11.2011 REGULATION (EU) No 1169/2011 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004 (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, (4) Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 114 thereof, According to Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety (3) it is a general principle of food law to provide a basis for consumers to make informed choices in relation to food they consume and to prevent any practices that may mislead the consumer. Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, (5) Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1), Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (2), Directive...
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...Systems Department London School of Economics and Political Science London, United Kingdom Preamble It is common for speakers at computer security conferences to tell audiences that 'they should do' this, and 'should do' that. The word 'should' is regularly thrown about as some jumbled-up mixture of efficiency and ethics, without any justification of the imperative. This paper will concentrate on the ethical issues, and so it will quickly dispose of 'efficiency,' leaving detailed argument for another time. Then, taking the devil's advocate position, it will focus on demolishing the certainty behind the ethical obligation, by questioning the role of ethics in society in general, but specifically in computer security. Indeed this paper will claim that an unsuspected morality and ritual lies behind many real-world security choices and much so-called 'objective' academic analysis. Furthermore, it will propose that such moralistic positions are highly problematic, and that all recommendations phrased in terms of virtue rather than pragmatism be treated as highly suspect. This polemical paper formed the basis of a keynote address given at the 5th Computer Security Conference, held in Las Vegas on the 20th-21st April 2006. 4 Angell, JISSec adfh The quest for efficiency, where any form of redundancy is viewed as 'inefficiency to be eliminated,' is a perverse and decadent view. It was anticipated by Northcote Parkinson (1986), when he warned that "perfection...
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...Information Systems Department London School of Economics and Political Science London, United Kingdom Preamble It is common for speakers at computer security conferences to tell audiences that 'they should do' this, and 'should do' that. The word 'should' is regularly thrown about as some jumbled-up mixture of efficiency and ethics, without any justification of the imperative. This paper will concentrate on the ethical issues, and so it will quickly dispose of 'efficiency,' leaving detailed argument for another time. Then, taking the devil's advocate position, it will focus on demolishing the certainty behind the ethical obligation, by questioning the role of ethics in society in general, but specifically in computer security. Indeed this paper will claim that an unsuspected morality and ritual lies behind many real-world security choices and much so-called 'objective' academic analysis. Furthermore, it will propose that such moralistic positions are highly problematic, and that all recommendations phrased in terms of virtue rather than pragmatism be treated as highly suspect. This polemical paper formed the basis of a keynote address given at the 5th Computer Security Conference, held in Las Vegas on the 20th-21st April 2006. 4 Angell, JISSec adfh The quest for efficiency, where any form of redundancy is viewed as 'inefficiency to be eliminated,' is a perverse and decadent view. It was anticipated by Northcote Parkinson (1986), when he warned that "perfection in planning...
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...Country Reports on Local Government Systems: Bangladesh Bangladesh ________________________________________________ 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTRY 1.1 Socio-economic profile Bangladesh emerged as an independent nation state in 1971. Although a new state, Bangladesh is an old country with a long recorded history of several thousand years. In its recent past it was part of Pakistan (1947-1971) and was known as East Pakistan. Prior to this, different parts of present Bangladesh were under British India (1765-1947), the Mughals and other Muslim rulers, and before them under Buddhist and Hindu rule. Bangladesh lies in the northeastern part of South Asia. The country is bounded by India in the west, north, northeast and east, by Myanmar in the southeast and by the Bay of Bengal in the south. The area of the country is 147,570 square kilometers. Climatically, the country belongs to the humid tropics and is vulnerable to a number of natural hazards like cyclones, floods and riverbank erosion, which almost regularly displaces a large number of people. Bangladesh is predominantly a delta plain of one of the largest river systems of the world. Only a part in the southeastern area is hilly. In spite of the apparent physical homogeneity and small territorial size, Bangladesh shows regional variations in physical, infrastructural and socio-economic development. Since its independence, the development planners of Bangladesh have given consideration to the importance of regional...
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...is increased. Technology is involved in every facet of our lives. It is used continuously every day whether it be waking up to an alarm clock, watching TV that you recorded on a digital video recorder, brushing your teeth with a mechanical toothbrush, or using your GPS navigation system when going to your latest vacation destination. The latest technology has made it possible for people to communicate with others all over the world in both audio and video formats. Scientists are continuously looking for ways to make living easier and more productive. They are looking for solutions to world hunger, new medical advances to cure cancer and other diseases plaguing the world, and ways to make our society a healthier place to live. In this research paper, we will be discussing Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) and their contributions to these causes. We will be examining the history, political, moral, ethical, and many other ways that GMOs have influenced everyday living. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)...
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...DECLARATION I Japhet NKURUNZIZA ,do declare that this research project is my own work. I have to do the best of my knowledge acknowledged all authors or sources from where I got information. I further declare that this work has not been submitted in any university or institution for the award of a degree or any of its equivalents. Signed…………………………………………..date………./……………/………………. APPROVAL This is to acknowledge that this research project has been submitted with my approval. Signed…………………………..Date………………/……………./……………… Dr TOMBOLA M.Gustave, PhD DEDICATION To the beloved members of my family, colleagues and friends. ACKNOWLEDMENTS This thesis is yet another landmark achievement in my academic history. Yet, truth be told, I believe the completion of the same would not be possible it had to be for the incessant and unconditional help from different persons, physical and moral. My highest appreciation goes to my beloved mother Mrs. palacidia UWIZEYIMANA and my former headmaster, Etienne UWAGIWABO, my uncles, my friends Philip NSENGUWERA, Felix BIZINDA, brother and sisters for all the support and encouragement. I also appreciate the government of Rwanda for the support of financing my studies and Rwanda Tourism University College for the academic supports. Heartfelt thanks go to Dr TOMBOLA M. Gustave,PhD who devoted his precious time to the supervision...
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