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Water Source Case Study

In: Business and Management

Submitted By teresan
Words 390
Pages 2
Water
1. How does water supplies highlight the tension between economic growth and environmental protection?
O crescimento económico leva a um maior poder de compra da população e por sua vez a um aumento do consumo, nomeadamente do consumo de alimentos. Com o aumento do consumo de alimentos, tem de existir uma maior produção agrícola que ajude a manter a economia com um saldo positivo. Desse modo, existem mais terrenos a serem cultivados. De acordo com o artigo em análise, o cultivo de terrenos obriga a um consumo de água que é 1000 vezes superior aquele que é necessário para uma pessoa usar para consumo próprio. Neste momento os agricultores são responsáveis por 75% do consumo de agua e vão busca-los a vários recursos como aquíferos, reservatórios e rios. Esses consumos exagerados de água, poem em causa todos os ecossistemas que dela dependem diretamente para sobreviver (plantas aquáticas, peixes de agua doces, microorganismos aquáticos, entre outros). Ao mesmo tempo, a população que cresce em números exorbitantes, principalmente em áreas consideradas de terrenos frágeis como Médio Oriente, África do Norte e Ásia têm também contribuído para a degradação das condições ambientais, para a escassez de água e para a sobrevivência dos ecossistemas existentes. Desse modo, ao mesmo tempo que o poder económico cresce, os recursos naturais escasseiam.
2. What solutions does the case study highlight for combating water shortages?

O caso fala para a necessidade de uma gestão adequada dos recursos existentes assim como para a necessidade de procura de soluções inovadores e mais eficientes para gerir esses recursos. Segundo o artigo, muita da água canalizada para a agricultura, acaba por não chegar aos campos de cultivo e às culturas propriamente ditas, pela utilização de sistemas de rega antigos, com perdas de água pelo caminho que percorrem antes de chegar ao destino. Sistemas mais inovadores, de aspersão locais são recomendados para lidar com a escassez de água. Outros sistemas que são aconselhados no artigo prendem-se com a criação de culturas geneticamente modificadas de modo a que estas sejam resistentes em ambientes com pouco água, utilização de centrais de dessalinização de modo a se poder utilizar água do mar, utilização de redes complexas de transporte de água desde pontos distantes, utilização de produtos importados em países que têm escassez de água (apenas possível para países com grande capacidade económica).

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