...55 Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia: The Water Situation in Ulaanbaatar Hiroshi Sato* I. Introduction To many, Mongolia is a country of steppes and desert. Geographically, the country can be divided into three main regions: north, central and south. These regions vary greatly in terms of terrain, climate and other natural elements. The west of northern Mongolia is a wooded region covered in Siberian taiga forest. Meanwhile, the central region is home to Mongolia’s vast, characteristic steppes, and southern Mongolia is full of desert steppes. In 1990, Mongolia abandoned socialism and its one-party rule as the People’s Revolutionary Party introduced a multiple party system with influence from the Soviet perestroika movement. Then in 1992, the constitution was amended and the nation of Mongolia was born. Through these reforms, Mongolia ushered in a new democracy and transitioned from a planned economy to a market economy. As the economy flourished following the transition, a number of issues came to the surface. Of the issues raised, environmental issues are a major one in Mongolia. Currently, the impacts of domestic economic stimulation and problems such as recent global warming on the environment can be seen everywhere. Mongolia’s environmental problems are wide-ranging; air pollution, waste management, water pollution, overcentralization in the capital, energy issues, water resources, and urban environmental issues are but a few of...
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...Technical Report on achieving water neutrality in the Severn Trent region Abstract The concept of water neutrality is a rather new but significant concept for water demand management. It is an ambitious concept which targets to make sure that there is enough water to support any development without requiring additional water resources. There are two main reasons because of which the water neutrality becomes an important concept which include the policy of government which aims at a quicker growth in housing keeping a target of over 3 million new houses by 2020. The plan to achieve this growth depends upon existing water management plans and the growth point and eco-towns. The other key factor is the availability of water resources either today or in future which can be used to meet the demand for water in the areas of England and Wales. Most of East midlands area is served by Severn Trent water which is targeting to put a check on the carbon footprint by bringing in water neutrality and improving energy efficiency. Introduction The concept of water neutrality is a vital concept for the purpose of water resource management keeping new development in mind. It can be defined as offset of water demand in the existing community by the means of making the buildings and houses increasingly water efficient. In other words, total water demand should remain same with the new housing development in the region. Most of the studies performed on the subject of water neutrality have been...
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...Topic of lecture: “A Drop of Life: Inside the Mounting Water Crisis.” The lecture by Shalini Kantayya (“SH”) highlighted the concerns over the water crisis as it is today, mainly water as a scarce/limited supply resource not being consumed efficiently, the hazards to health with the presence of dangerous chemicals in water, the difficulty faced by under-developed/ developing nations in obtaining drinking water and discussed the ethics of privatizing the supply of water - the ‘life-giving’ resource. One of the key messages of SH was that Water is Life and being such a precious resource it cannot be commodified. This was effectively conveyed through her film “A Drop of Life”, shown during the lecture. The film depicts the everyday ordeal faced by people in remote under-developed villages to obtain drinking water and how the privatization of the water supply through a prepaid system can lead to sanitation and health problems and even result to death. I also felt that it was no coincidence that the Supplier of prepaid water featured in the film is an American corporation, which to me deplore the fact that Americans seek to control the world and through water life on earth! SH also touched on many important facets of water utilization and management. I’m sure the lecture did stir the conscience of and prompt many of us to question whether we are consuming water efficiently. I certainly agree with SH that the water problem is not only restricted to the ‘others’. With...
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...Abstract The Adelaide Desalination Project involves the construction of a 100 GL per annum desalination plant, including the seawater intake and outfall tunnels and structures, and associated infrastructure including the transfer pipeline, power supply works and interconnection and upgrade works at Happy Valley Water Treatment Plant. Research and read an article on recent recipients of the project management institute’s project of the year award (2013 PMI winners – Adelaide Desalination Project). Summarize how the project manager or team exhibited exceptional and ethical project management practices. Discuss the role of the project manager or team, the organizational setting, the recipient’s approach to project integration management, and obstacles that had the potential of adversely impacting the triple constraints. Introduction Traditionally, South Australia has always relied on the River Murray for much of its water. On average 40% of Adelaide’s water supply comes from the River Murray, but in a drought year as much as 90% of the supply may come from this one finite resource. With further population growth, a secure water supply was under serious threat. In 2009, the South Australian Government launched the Water for Good plan. A key component of this plan was a $1.824 billion...
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...Water, energy crisis in Bangladesh How water and electricity scarcity impacts on life and politics. Plus a brief look at the ongoing governmental crisis. Administration of most essential public utilities specially water and electricity is in serious jeopardy in the country, causing untold suffering to the country dwellers. The erratic power supply leads to disruption to smooth water supply to the country dwellers who are reeling from power and water crisis during the ongoing dry season. In the country, people are suffering serious waters crisis due to frequent load shedding, drastic fall in ground water level, insufficient water treatment plants and deep tube wells and the situation is unlikely to improve in coming days unless the government comes up with quick solution. "The situation has started aggravating. If more water treatment plants are not installed, the country people will face severe water shortage," an official of Dhaka WASA said. The official said during the five-year rule of immediate past BNP-Jamaat government, no effort was made to improve this sector The WASA supplies about 160 crore litres of water every day against the demand for over 220 crore litres in the capital and Narayanganj town. As 88 per cent of water is pumped out through 444 deep tube wells from the underground, the water level is falling drastically. Besides, the deep tube wells remain out of order and the condition of water treatment plant at Pagla is not satisfactory. Moreover, severe...
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...ORGANIZATION WORKS ON FRESH WATER Outline 1. Summary 2. Introduction of Fresh Water 2-1. Fresh Water Resources 2-2. Fresh Water and Public Health 2-3. Fresh Water Pollution 3. UN-Water 3-1. Governance and Organization of UN-Water 3-2. Programmes of UN-Water 4. References Summary We have finite resources. But world’s population numbered 6.1 billion in 2000 and it is currently increasing at a rate of 77 million per year. By 2025, the estimated total world population will be 7.9 billion. More people means that more consumption. More consumption means that more resources. Again we have finite resources. One of the precious resources is fresh water. Fresh water is key to sustainable development for both economic activity and social role. Without water supply human health fails, food production declines, the natural environment suffers. Freshwater is an important determinant of patterns of economic growth and social development. But due to increasing world population (more consumption), fresh 97water resource is dramatically falling to down. Due to scarcity of fresh water, 500 million people suffering water stress. It will be increase to two-thirds of the world population subjected to moderate to high level water stress in 2025. Also it is very important to improving both quality and quantity of available water supplies. Quality of water supplies effects to human health,...
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...Department Water Crisis of Pakistan Submitted to: Mr. Rauf Akhtar Submitted By: Muhammad Rzi Abbas (2006-MCT-38) 5/23/2008 1 LETTER OF AUTHORIZATION I authorize Mr. Muhammad Rzi Abbas to research on “Water Crisis of Pakistan”. Mr. Rauf Akhtar 2 LETTER OF TRANSMITTEL Pakistan is being surrounded by almost all types of problems and difficulties nowadays. Everyone is speaking on different issues Pakistan is facing but I chose the Water Crisis which is a grave threat to Pakistan yet hidden from the eyes of most of the residents of Pakistan. To study this hanging sword I chose to write a report on the topic “Water Crisis of Pakistan”. In this report I have explained the past, present and future problems which Pakistan unfortunately had to face regarding water resources and utilization. Let me assure you that the reader will study this report with interest and will get a complete knowledge about the water sector problems which Pakistan is either facing right now or will have to face in the future. Muhammad Rzi Abbas 3 Table of Contents Letter of Authorization………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2 Letter of Transmittal…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……3 Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….6 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8 First Portion Chapter 1 Overview of Worldwide Water Crisis…………………………………………………………………………...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Water is perhaps the single most important substance on earth. It forms the basis for life . Organisms, including man, can only survive if there is an adequate supply of water available. Although 98% of the earth’s water is sea water, humans are most concerned with the remaining 2% of fresh water that supports life on earth. In the last several hundred years’ man has increasingly impacted on both the distribution and the quality of fresh water. Peters Bricker Kennedy (1996) Water shortage is not a new problem. Human beings have always been trying to overcome this problem through various methods. They have been using different techniques and strategies. The water shortage has its root cause in different cultural activities of human societies. Different societies had been using their indigenous knowledge system to solve the problem of water shortage (Adams, 2005). In a recent workshop titled ‘framing responses’ organized by Leadership for Environment and Development (LEAD). Experts of workshop concluded that Pakistan has done nothing to store water in past forty five years. Experts were also of the opinion that countries in the south Asia are committed to store water but Pakistani authorities are busy in making reports and not translating them into action. (Dawn-2012) Water is an essential resource for conservation of human health, agricultural invention and socio-economic progress in the rural emerging economies that mark much of the worldwide...
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...Lyndy Marie T. Casiño Business Policy A PEST Analysis on “Manila Water Expanding in Southern Philippines” Political Not many companies are comfortable in entering long term agreement with local governments whose elected official’s tenure lasts only for three years (unless re-elected, but only up to a maximum of 9 year-stay in office ) due to changes that can be incurred in terms of governance and contract management. In fact in 2000, Manila Water initially negotiated with Metro Cebu Water District, a state-owned utility but failed due to disagreements before negotiations with the local government commenced (1). The Cebu bulk water project is a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) project. Under the law, one of the most important conditions needed to be met for BOT projects is that it has to undertake the price or “Swiss” challenge. Manila Water in September 2009 declared its unsolicited proposal for the project to be subjected to “Swiss” challenge before approval or acceptance of partnership from Cebu Provincial Government (2). After the bidding process, in 2012, Manila Water successfully bagged the P700M project. Partnership of Manila Water Consortium and Cebu Provincial Government to provide water service to Cebuanos is one of Pres. Noynoy Aquino’s goals in his Public-Private Partnership (PPP) program. This partnership has been duly supported by the administration. Economic With the strategic location of Cebu, it has been a favourite destination of tourists...
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...Environmental issue that is close to home. Living in west Texas in a small town makes for no reports for our area. I chose to do my report on the water issue that we are facing on a daily basis. The whole state of Texas is under an extreme drought. West Texas has extreme heat and the water in this area is always an issue. There is a severe drought in all areas of Texas. The drought and lack of water is a big environmental issue. With the lack of rain then that means that our water source is slowly dwindling down. There has to rain to fill up lakes, rivers or reservoirs. There was a time this year that our town was down to only 24 months of water supply. When this happens then the people of that town are under water restrictions and you had to abide by those restrictions or you would be fined. I do not see how anyone that knew what the town was facing would not abide by the restrictions that were put in place. Citizens were restricted from watering their yards. People were asked to conserve water where they could. In Texas municipal demand for water is greater than any other uses combined. Most counties in the state of Texas are in extreme drought conditions. “ In central Texas long term trends show an increasing transition from ground water to surface water as a primary source for central Texas”(central Tx sustainability indicator report). How do you strengthen our water supplies? There are several things that are in the works to help with the problem. There are projects...
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...Quality of Water: Tap and Bottled Water Tiffany R. Jones SCI 207: Dependence of Man on the Environment Instructor Leslia Wilson 3/2/2015 Introduction Body Paragraph #1 - Background: The debate of water quality and the effects it has on the public is one that has a lot of weight to it. The advancement of water testing has evolved into one that is of meaning, and is talked about frequently. Efficient testing of the water supply makes way for people to know what they are drinking. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (n.d.), “Climate change can have a variety of impacts on surface water, drinking water, and ground water quality.” In testing the water quality and contamination, the EPA regulates a lot of different ways to get the water clean to get it to become drinkable. According to the Centers for Disease Control (n.d.), “Even though our tap water supplies are considered to be one of the safest in the world, water contamination can still occur.” The occurrence of this is because of places not being regulated and inspected properly. Coming out of the Natural Resources Defense Council (n.d.), “Studies have shown that chemicals called phthalates, which are known to disrupt testosterone and other hormones, can leach into bottled water over time.” The plastic used in that of bottled water tends to have an effect on the human body, and can pose a threat. Body Paragraph # 2 - Objective: There is still a lot to be learned about the difference between tap water and...
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...Communication and crisis Denieka Ogletree HCS/320 August 25, 2012 Cheryl Workman Communication and crisis Today I come to you by way of the director of the regional Emergency Management Office. I have been receiving official reports that the public water supplies of several towns in the area have become contaminated with a life-threatening biological agent. The crisis of contaminated water supply is an extremely delicate situation. The weight of people lives are in immense danger. So far there have been several people rushed to the emergency room because of this water supply contamination. We have no solid information on how our water supply was polluted. The symptoms to look for are nose bleeds, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, blurred vision and severe abdomen pain. Contingency plans will and must be addressed within this organization and with the public without creating a panic. We will do all that is within our power to get our water supply back under control. I will hold a brief press conference to ensure the community we are doing all we can to get this crisis taken care of. In order to try and put the public at ease, I will ask the Governor and Director of the Water Waste Manger to attend this press conference. It is my job as the Emergency Management Office to put a group together that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis. Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization...
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...One of the most serious problems that China faces today is water pollution. Beijing, Capital of China, just like many other Chinese cities, it is suffering from high levels of water pollution. A report made by the state of environmental agency concluded that the level of pollution in Beijing’s water sources is not safe. Another investigation made by the Environmental Protection Supervision Center of North China shows that the north Canal, which provides water to more than 70% of Beijing’s total population had a level of pollution that is 95 times higher than what is considered safe. “Zhao Feihong”, a water researcher in Beijing healthcare association states that there is in Beijing over 100 rivers, however only two or three of them are safe to be used for tap water. These and many more reports made, show that the water sources in Beijing are not safe to drink, however, what are the causes and effects of this pollution? Now, I will be discussing the causes and effects of water pollution in Beijing, and how it differs from other mega cities in the world, such as Jakarta, and New York. With being one of the largest population cities in the world, it’s not surprising to see a huge amount of wastewater produced in Beijing. Due to untreated urban sewage, this wastewater which contains human waste, washing water, urban runoff, industrial wastewater, etc. often end up in the drinking water supplies that Beijing’s citizens consume. In addition to that, the lacks of enforcement of environmental...
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...| A Drink of Water | Christopher J. Barrett | | SCI-275 | 3/24/2013 | | Sanitation and drinking-water are universally accepted as being essential for human life, dignity and human development (World Health Organization, 2012). Water is required for life to exist; it is the most basic of sustaining building blocks. Global access to clean (sanitary) and sustainable water supplies continues to be a challenge in an age of ever-increasing population and development. Despite the ongoing challenge, the scarcity of global water resources has only begun to be addressed by the United Nations and other not-for-profit charitable organizations. One of the most important recent milestones has been the recognition in July 2010 by the United Nations General Assembly of the human right to water and sanitation. The Assembly recognized the right of every human being to have access to sufficient water for personal and domestic uses (between 50 and 100 liters of water per person per day), which must be safe, acceptable and affordable (water costs should not exceed 3 per cent of household income), and physically accessible (the water source has to be within 1,000 meters of the home and collection time should not exceed 30 minutes) (United Nations, 2013). UN system activities specially focus on the sustainable development of fragile and finite freshwater resources, which are under increasing stress from population growth, pollution and the demands of...
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..., What is CSV How we implement CSV Nutrition Water Rural development Responsible sourcing Environmental sustainability Human rights and compliance Our people Nestlé in society Creating Shared Value and meeting our commitments 2012 Full report Nestlé in society | Creating Shared Value and meeting our commitments 2012 | Full report 1 What is CSV How we implement CSV Nutrition Water Rural development Responsible sourcing Environmental sustainability sustainability Human rights and compliance Our people Nestlé in Society: Creating Shared Value A message from our Chairman and our CEO About this report Nestlé in Society: Creating Shared Value Creating Shared Value explained Nestlé Corporate Business Principles Our Commitments Materiality Key Performance Indicators Summary Consolidated environmental performance indicators Nestlé in society | Creating Shared Value and meeting our commitments 2012 | Full report 3 6 8 9 10 11 15 18 20 2 What is CSV How we implement CSV Nutrition Water Rural development Responsible sourcing Environmental sustainability Human rights and compliance Our people A message from our Chairman and our CEO We have always believed that in order to prosper we need the communities we serve and in which we operate to prosper as well: and that over the long term, healthy populations, healthy economies and healthy business performance are mutually reinforcing. We recognise...
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