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Waterfront Community

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RECREATIONAL AND SUSTAINABLE RIVERFRONT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN WANGAG RIVER FOR GONZAGA CAGAYAN

IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMET
TO THE REQUIREMENTS IN

THESIS RESEARCH

Submitted to:

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Instructor
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Submitted by:
Carlo Niel F. Ordillo
Ar 511, First Semester, SY-2014-15

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
The Municipality of Gonzaga has a beautiful spot which is the famous “Wanagag River” the cleanest river in the region 2 and a consistent finalist in the National search for the cleanest inland body of waters, they decided to develop the area to promote it locally and nationally because of it site potential.
The municipality of Gonzaga is a 1st class income municipality with a population of 36, 303 and have a total land area of 56, 743 has. and has IRA (Internal Revenue Allotment) of 89, 654, 247 pesos. In accordance with the MPDC (Municipal Planning Department Council) of Gonzaga, designate the area as “General Urban Area” and “Leisure Area” with a “Major Open Space” designation applying to the Wangag River and a “Natural Features” applying to two large woodlots, in short a riverfront/waterfront community development.
Water is one of the most important of all the natural resources necessary to ensure human health and civilization. In general, a waterfront is the zone of interaction between urban developments and the water and a waterfront area is considered as a unique and irreplaceable resource where it is the interface between land, water, air, sun and productive plants (Wrenn, 1983). Moreover, Zhang (2002) characterized the waterfront as a place integrating land with water and having a natural attraction to people. In fact, the seashore and riverfront are the most attractive water features for human settlement and, in most countries, the land in front of water is developed earlier than the inland areas.
Waterfront development refers to any development in front of water and a water body; a river, lake, ocean, bay, creek or canal (Breen & Rigby, 1994, p. 10). In the development area, Breen & Rigby (1996, 1994) considered that a waterfront development may not necessarily need to be directly fronting water but may only need to look attached to the water. They believe that commanding a view of water can still be considered as a waterfront property.
In many cities in the world, waterfront areas began as commercial centers, transportation hubs and manufacturing centers, as a central focus for them. However, due to complex and multiple problems such as technology change, the historic preservation movement, increased environmental awareness and urban renewal, a dramatic change in waterfront areas was brought about and they became large spaces of unused property in the past thirty years or so (Breen & Rigby, 1994, p. 10).
After decades of remaining abandoned, in the 1960s, massive waterfront redevelopment began and consequently initiated the world-wide era of waterfront revitalization (Ryckbost, 2005). Urban waterfront redevelopment bloomed in the 1970s, accelerated in the 1980s (Breen & Rigby, 1994) and will continue in the future. Clearly, interest in promoting waterfront redevelopment in many countries was caused by environmental protection, shoreline access, water quality, historic preservation, tourism and economic development, as well as the growing potential of the waterfront for recreational, commercial and residential uses (Krausse, 1995). Moreover, festival and water sports are perhaps the most visible public-oriented activities that have played a key role in the rediscovery of waterfronts.
However, in some cases, the implementation of these riverfront projects is driven more by investment needs than by community and environmental needs, with developers neither taking part nor contributing to the government goals of sustaining water and rivers as assets for the country. In addition, inadequate regulations and guidelines relating to riverfront developments, at every level of government, is having a negative impact environmentally and socially. Examples are increases in water pollution indexes and rate of social problems.
Therefore, this research aims to bring a new vision of waterfront development by incorporating economic development goals with community goals and the government’s desire to achieve successful waterfront development practices. Incorporating the environmental, economic and social aspects with flexible regulations for waterfront development are ways to develop successful waterfront development practices that will benefit the population and, subsequently, enhance the economic success of waterfront locations.

Theoretical Framework
Urban design theories of Kevin Lynch are fully distinctive of his humanistic design philosophy, which evolved over a period of more than thirty years. He has left behind a rich legacy of ideas and insights about human purposes and values in built form, and possibilities for designing humane environments.
Lynch's theories are very rich and simultaneously made a lot of practice of city design, particularly the operational principles and guidelines which are very helpful to my research. The major facet of Lynch's work can be summarized as: 1. Experiencing Cities theories focus on how the city is perceived and interpreted that was published in The Image of the City (1960). In other writings, he had begun to present different aspects of his research findings on the perception of environments and related discussions of users' needs such as Growing Up in Cities (1977).
Lynch was concerned, above all with The Image of the Environment for, as he says "Every citizen has had long association with some part of the city, and his image is soaked in memories and meanings". As he also says: "moving elements in the city, and in particular the people and their activities, are as important as the stationary physical parts".
To understand how we come to know our environment. Lynch’s research has focused on the way we remember our environments. The main technique used to capture this is mental mapping, i.e. Uncovering the mental image of the environment which individuals develop and use in their behavior in the city.
In his seminal work The Image of the City (1979),he concerned with the visual quality of the American city through citizen's mental Images of their cities. Inhabitants of three cities, Boston, Jersy City, and Los Angeles, were asked to evoke their images of their physical environment by descriptions and sketches and by performing imaginary trips in their cities. The outcome of the research was that, with reference to physical forms, images of the city could be classified into paths, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks. (Figure 2.1)
Lynch believed that paths form the predominant elements in people's image of the city which other elements relate to and are organized around paths. Lynch concluded that creating environment with "apparent clarity or legibility of the cityscape (Lynch, 1979:2) was to be a main concern. Therefore, cities in which these five elements were clearly legible offered more visual pleasure emotional security, and a heightened potential depth and intensity of human experience. 2. Analysis of visual form contains Lynch’s work on ways of describing and analyzing urban form. He always emphasized strong relations between appearance and function and preferred to use such words as "appearance," “look ,” and "sense" to refer to matters of visual quality. In attempts to systematically describe and document the visual form of cities, Lynch applied a general model for community visual surveys. His practical applications of visual form analysis represent a complete step-by-step demonstration of how concerns about visual quality can be identified, analyzed, and ultimately incorporated into policies for community conservation and change. 3. City design, theories and practice includes his thinking on the performance criteria for good form such as openness and adaptability. He emphasized that city design is not: just about the physical arrangement or rearrangement of things to satisfy today's needs but that it also has to do with fundamental human values and rights: justice, freedom, control, learning, access, dignity, and creativity. He emphasized that city design is not the reproduction of environments in the images of the present order, but is really about what should be and what could be. Environmental studies of the city in the late 1960s led to a revised and expanded edition of Site Planning (1984) that included new materials on design methods and behavioral research. This book is quite popular and useful for students and designers as a textbook having practical meanings.
All these works stand out as one of the most significant contributions to the field to date, linking theory and research with a strong philosophy of the human purpose of environmental form and of design as social action.

Figure 2.1 1 Kevin Lynch: mapping and city image (1960) (Source: Design: the architecture of towns and cities).

Hypothesis
Type of waterfront/riverfront community will be created a. Mixed-use b. Residential c. Commercial d. Entertainment e. Recreational
Factors affecting the development of Wangag riverfront community a. Economic factors b. Social factors c. Environmental factors
The laws and guidelines in making waterfront a. PD 1096 b. RA 7279 c. BP 220 d. PD 957 e. BP 344 f. Tourism Development Guideline and Standards

Type of waterfront/riverfront community will be created f. Mixed-use g. Residential h. Commercial i. Entertainment j. Recreational
Factors affecting the development of Wangag riverfront community d. Economic factors e. Social factors f. Environmental factors
The laws and guidelines in making waterfront g. PD 1096 h. RA 7279 i. BP 220 j. PD 957 k. BP 344 l. Tourism Development Guideline and Standards

Independent variable Dependent variable

Wangag Riverfront Community Development in Gonzaga Cagayan

Wangag Riverfront Community Development in Gonzaga Cagayan

The figure shows relationships among the different variables to be investigated in the study. The independent variable are the factors in the design of Wangag Riverfront community development while the dependent variable are the effect of community development.

Statement of the Problem The study aims to determine the factors that affect the effect of Wangag riverfront community development. Specifically, it seek to answer the following: 1. What type of waterfront/riverfront community will be created? k. Mixed-use l. Residential m. Commercial n. Entertainment o. Recreational 2. What are the factors affecting the development of Wangag riverfront community? g. Economic factors h. Social factors i. Environmental factors 3. What are the laws and guidelines in making waterfront m. PD 1096 NBC (National Building Codes of Philippines) n. RA 7279 (The Urban Development and Housing Act). o. BP 220 (Revised Rule and Standards for Economic and Socialized Housing Project to Implement). p. PD 957 (Revised Rules and Regulation Implementing the Subdivision and Condominium Buyers Protective Decree and other Related Laws). q. BP 344 (Accessibility law). r. Tourism Development Guideline and Standards Goals and objectives / Assumption a. Create a long-lived, human-scaled place that embraces the waterfront location. b. Ensure strong visual and physical connections between the waterfront and upland areas, protecting views of the water whenever possible. c. Develop a transportation system that advances healthy living, minimizes environmental impacts and promotes the local economy by advancing opportunities for mass transit, bicycle use and walking. d. Promote Economic Development in the municipality in a manner that provides for increased property values, diversification across industry sectors, and high paying jobs. e. Advance an environmental program that safeguards our natural resources, promotes a healthy lifestyle and supports a sustainable economy.

Significance of the Study The study is envisioned to benefit the following:
Architect. Findings of the study will help them to improve their design and its awareness of Riverfront/Waterfront Community Development.
Local Government Units. Findings of the study will help them design policies and program that are favorable and will contributed to the application of Riverfront/Waterfront Community Development.
Architectural Schools. The result of the study will be used as research based input which serve as reference for business school, colleges and universities offering architectural course.
The Academe. The result of the study could be used as a reference of the school, college and universities offering architectural course.
Researcher. Findings of the study will be an input in his teaching activities in the school of architecture. It will be noble contribution in the field.
Future Research. The result of the study will serve as an additional reference material for future researchers who are interested to know about Riverfront/Waterfront Community Development.

Scope and Delimitation
The study focuses on determining the factors that affect the effect of creating Riverfront Community development in Gonzaga Cagayan.
The scope of this study cover a 30 hectares of land and the identification and effect of a waterfront specifically riverfront community in the area. This research is limited only on the design approach of waterfront or riverfront community development along Wangag River in Gonzaga Cagayan.

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