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Week 4 – Active Directory Design Scenario

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Week 4 – Active Directory Design Scenario
Since the two new braches office will be directly connected to main office you can configure hub and spoke topology. I would also recommend in hub site to have minimum two DC for redundancy. In the event of failure if second DC does not exist irrespective of OS version AD replication will be down totally. At least in the hub site you should have additional DC if not present.
Branch 1 – For this site I would recommend setting up another line to the main hub to remove single point of failure. Also setting a backup for branch 1 located at main site and if possible at branch 2. A two way trust will need to be set up to support backup at main site/branch 2 if servers fail at branch 1. To support AD replication I would use two way trust network.
Branch 2 – With branch 2 being located at a remote site I would recommend setting a VSAT system to remove the single point of failure. With the slow speed at this branch it would not make for a very good backup site. I would use two way trusts for replication of services.
*Recommendations for Optimum Performance
For Active Directory replication, a rule of thumb is that a given domain controller that acts as a bridgehead server should not have more than 50 active simultaneous replication connections at any given time in a replication window. (This was determined on a reference server that had four Pentium III Xeon processors with 2 gigabytes (GB) of RAM and 2 megabytes (MB) of L2 cache.) Adjusting this rule to a limit of fewer than 50 servers will have significant positive impact on CPU utilization, network throughput, and I/O throughput on this domain controller. Additional performance improvement can be achieved by putting the components of Active Directory on different physical drives.
File Replication System
System policies and logon scripts stored in SYSVOL use FRS to replicate. Each domain controller keeps a copy of SYSVOL for network clients to access. (FRS is also used for Distributed File System (DFS). Because this guide is not concerned with DFS replication, no further mention will be made of this area of FRS replication.) FRS can copy and maintain shared files and folders on multiple servers simultaneously. When changes occur, content is synchronized immediately within sites, and by schedule between sites.
FRS is a multithreaded, multi-master replication engine that replaces the LMRepl service which is used in the Microsoft Windows NT operating system. Multithreaded means that several replication sessions can run at the same time to handle multiple tasks. This allows FRS to replicate different files between different computers simultaneously. Multi-master replication means that changes to the SYSVOL can be made on any domain controller, and this domain controller will then replicate the changes out to the other domain controllers using a store-and-forward mechanism. FRS SYSVOL replication uses the same Active Directory replication topology defined by connection objects. In contrast to Active Directory replication, FRS SYSVOL replication uses a timestamp on a file to determine which version is the newer version and should be kept on a domain controller and replicated out to partners.
FRS does not guarantee the order in which files arrive. FRS begins replication in sequential order based on when the files are closed, but file size and link speed determine the order of completion. Because FRS replicates only whole files, the entire file is replicated even if you change only a single byte in the file. By default, FRS can transfer up to 8 files per partner, in parallel.
Key points to know when maximizing the performance of a bridgehead server in a hub site with regard to FRS are to:
Place SYSVOL on its own physical disk drive.
Split the FRS database files and logs across different physical disk drives.
Place the FRS staging area on its own physical disk drive.
*http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc749945.aspx#XSLTsection124121120120
I would use the information from this site to optimize my replication strategy.

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