...LITERATURE REVIEW Literature Review – Trauma Felt by a Counselor Marie C Klemens Walsh University Abstract The purpose of this research is to identify that a counselor can be a victim of trauma, as well as their client. By taking care of oneself in a physical, mental and spiritual manner, they are preparing for a potentially well maintained professional life as a counselor. Knowledge and acceptance of these traumatic occurrences, is the first part of healing. The literature that I had obtained provided the reader, with great knowledge pertaining to the subject matter of vicarious traumatization and counter transference. By identifying both of these subjects as different forms of trauma, I also learned that they have similar qualities. With the knowledge that I am basing this research on and further exploration of this subject matter, counselors can be more prepared for their future. Literature Review - Trauma Felt by a Counselor The counseling profession is based on the realism as a powerful, but yet private relationship between a counselor and a client, but with ethics being a factor, all efforts are centered on being impartial and having good intentions (Jaffe & Diamond, 2011). Because of the tight relationship between a counselor and his or her client, it is humanly impossible that a client and a counselor will not endure feelings and reactions towards each other (Jaffe & Diamond, 2011). Trauma is the occurrence in which an individual is confronted...
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...psychological distress play a major role in counseling children. School counseling has become even more valuable in the U.S. due to traumatic events such as school shootings. School shootings have had a major impact on students, families and communities. There is a more security and law enforcement present at schools across the US and metal detectors in schools also. School children are being taught how to prepare if there is a shooter or shooters in schools. Due to the increased acts of violence in schools and the need for intensive intervention in student issues, school personnel, school boards, and communities are recognizing the need to provide effective prevention and intervention programs to address social, emotional, and academic needs of students. (Davis, T., 2015, Exploring School Counseling). In the next ten years even more attention will be needed to counseling of young children. There are students who have undiagnosed mental health issues, counselors have to be diligent and observant when working with students. In today’s society students are stressed, some are highly medicated. Counselors have to be aware of each student needs, behaviors, and work with all staff to meet the needs of these...
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...Current Professional Issues, Relevant Etiological Models, and Key Actionable Items Name Institution Current Professional Issues, Relevant Etiological Models, and Key Actionable Items Introduction Thesis Statement: A healthy therapeutic alliance depends upon the resolution of professional issues facing the client-counselor relationship in addiction counseling practice. Counselors encounter regular professional challenges. These problems are exacerbated in substance abuse counseling due to the link between criminal activity and addiction. Counselors must weigh the risks and gains of various solutions to arrive at suitable decisions. This paper examines five current professional issues in addiction counseling, including the relevant etiological models and key actionable items for addressing these issues in a real world environment. Professional issues encompass topics of debate on practical or ethical conduct that underpins appropriate professional practice. In addiction counseling, five such issues are client rights (confidentiality, privileged communication, and privacy), physical and psychological self-care by the counselor, dual relationships, countertransference, and record keeping. Professional Issues In addiction counseling practice, it is common for interested parties (family members, medical doctors, probation officers, psychologists, or other counselors) to ask a counselor to share information concerning a client. Such a request could...
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...PCN-505 Counselor Ethical Boundaries and Practices Denise I Ratliff Professor RaTonya Bennett March 30, 2016 * * * * Introduction Ethics, boundaries and potential dual relationships are important for counselors to comprehend. Understanding the code of ethics and understanding the many facets of counselor /patient scenarios that can arise during a professional relationship. Dual relationships is a gray area in which there is a very paramount question that the counseling professional need to address and that is; whether a dual relationship is necessary. Simply put, impractical dual relationships can be charged with unnecessary jeopardy. Certain situations may arise in which a dual relationship could be hard to avoid and may have its challenges. It is important that any counseling that is given regardless of the relationship should be safe and secure. Boundary Issues and Dual Relationships Part A – Decision-Making Model and Counseling Examples Engaging in dual relationships is risky business in being a counseling professional. Ethical issues related to professional boundaries and dual relationships can be complex because, dual relationships and the issues that follow are multi-faceted. “If a dual relationship is exploitative, whether it is before, during, or after a professional relationship, it should be avoided” (ACA, 2015). It is important that the counselor acknowledge the fine distinctions between crossing boundaries that lay in the...
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...Introduction to Counseling Written Assignment # 1 I. What is professional counseling? Discuss the most recent trends in counseling. Professional counseling is a service provided voluntary and confidential with the focus on the developmental, situational problems of individuals of all ages and culture. Professional counselors help individuals to make decisions and resolve conflicts. Counselors provide service on different settings like the workplace, schools, colleges and other places as well. They also provide this service to families, groups or individuals. The most recent trends in counseling are through the internet and counseling in the community. These trends cover different parts of the community like business, career centers, religious organizations, and local neighborhood comprehensive health care centers. For instance, many organization provide counseling assistance through an employee assistance programs (EAP), employment enhancement programs (EEPs), career development counseling within the companies and outplacement counseling (EAPs). Employee assistance program were created with the purpose of helping employees who have alcohol problems. However, the service of these programs has been expanded to provide counseling to employees in regards interpersonal and personal family problems that may affect their job performance. Career counseling centers were created during the 1990s to help individuals to explore career opportunities and receive basic...
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... Liberty University October 12, 2014 2 Abstract In this research paper I will attempt to show the differences and similarities between counselors and other mental health professions. The findings were quite unique but not at all shocking. There was an equal amount of information on the differences and similarities amongst the counseling, psychology, and pyschiatric professions. However, the differences stood out far more than similarities. I also will display the characteristics needed to become an effective counselor. These characteristics I found are very challenging to an aspiring counselor and cannot be approached with emotional weakness. The characteristics of an effective counselor are the foundation to the profession itself. My last evaluation will be a professional counselor's ability to recognize wellness and impairment within themselves to prevent burnout. A counseling professional's wellness and impairment is very important to maintain effectiveness. I will break down the effects of the profession without recognizing proper wellness and impairment and how it can affect a counselor's success....
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...Lane October 26, 2014 Ethics and Tarvydas Model 1. The counselor receives an intake for an attending physician, whom has worked with the agency in the past. This intake call is inquiring on a personal matter regarding his 17 year old daughter with an eating disorder / exhibited symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. It is relayed during the call; the physician will continue the medication management portion of treatment, while the agency provides counseling services. It was presented during the intake he was concern with being well-known doctor that would like to keep this information private from others and would like to pay cash for service. Phase 1: The counselor is aware of the physician’s rights to keep his daughters condition private, however providing medication to a family member is cause for concern when there may not have been a proper assessment completed or if it is not being documented properly. The influence the medication can influence the process of therapy; especially when there may be no medical documentation of initial symptoms can cause various problems with treatment. It is important in determining if there is medical documentation supporting the diagnosis/medication and what types of tools were used in determining those findings. Determine why she was not referred to an agency earlier, and why is it in the best interest for the physician to continue medication when the counselor would be capable of doing the same. Phase 2: These concerning...
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...members and other certified counselors interact with clients from diverse backgrounds, NAADAC has devised a set of ethical principles that guide universal ethical deliberation. To a great extent, the principles encompassed in NAADAC’s code of ethics are premised on the recognition and encouragement of the idea that professional and personal ethics cannot be perceived as separate domains (The Association for Addiction Professionals, 2015). In this regard, NAADAC members and other addiction professionals recognize that an individual’s ability to do well is founded on an underlying concern to cater for the well-being of others. The bottom-line here is that the well-being of each person has an intimate correlation to the well-being of all people. The principles outlined in the NAADAC code of ethics are discussed below; 1. Autonomy This principle highlights the need for addiction professionals to support the independence, freedom, and self-determination of their clients. Therefore, addiction practitioners are obligated to respect client values, facilitate client independence, and respect the right of the client to make decisions regarding their health and general well-being (AAP, 2015). A violation of this principle occurs when the counselor emphasizes on a particular aspect of treatment to suit some vested preferences without any regard to client’s suggestions on the preferred mode of intervention. Adherence takes place when the counselor engages the client in a vivid...
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...systems, legal systems, social circles and yes, even in our churches. Though each of the aforementioned systems takes a different approach on how to tackle the problem of mental illness, one thing is for sure-the need for more qualified counselors is on the rise. Luckily, the counseling profession has grown and employs theories from the secular world as well as the religious world. Though the strategies and treatment goals may be different, both groups of counseling professionals work diligently to support those suffering from mental illness and bring them into a sense of well-being. To that end, the author of this paper will examine the theories and ideologies of both groups of counseling professionals, examine therapeutic remedies that are alike between the two and how they differ in the way they interact with clients and mental illness. The Goal of Christian Counseling The goal of any counseling professional is to assist the client with identifying skills and tools that will help them to achieve mental well-being. Each counselor no doubt uses a multifaceted approach with a wide menu of therapeutic options to achieve this goal. However, the Christian Counselor not only seeks to employ skills that will help the client reach mental well-being, he/she also seeks to utilize the spiritual tools afforded to all through the Justification process of Jesus Christ so that the client comes to a place of spiritual mature, devoted worship, and effective service to Christ (Crabb,1977)...
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...Today's school counselors deal routinely with complicated situations in which students have acute counseling needs, including cases of severe depression and suicidal ideation, pregnancy, substance abuse, school violence, and child abuse (Page, Pietrzak, & Sutton, 2001). To respond adequately to these needs, counselors must have both strong clinical skills and a keen awareness of the legal and ethical ramifications of any actions they may take or fail to take. These mandates are particularly challenging when school counselors are isolated in their settings or are so burdened with clerical and administrative tasks that they are unable to adequately address the counseling needs of the students they serve. School counselors in these situations may feel stressed and overworked and may be experiencing professional burnout. As a consequence, they can become unsure of their abilities and effectiveness and may experience erosion in their skills and competence (Crutchfield & Borders, 1997). This process runs counter to their ethical responsibility to maintain and increase their competence (American Counseling Association [ACA] 1995, Section C.2.) When school counselors fail to practice competently, this can become a legal problem as well as an ethical issue, because a malpractice lawsuit could result. Supervision can be an effective means of assisting school counselors to maintain and enhance their competence. Supervision can provide opportunities for continuing clinical-skill development...
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...mental health counselors in ethical decisions. There are six section in the Code of Ethics, categorizing commitments to different people within the counseling profession, including the clients, other professionals, students, supervisees, employees, the profession and the public (American Mental Health Counseling Association, 2010). There is, also, a section on resolving ethical issues (American Mental Health Counseling Association, 2010). Section I addresses the commitment to the client. This section has six subsections. Section I.A states that within the counselor-client relationship, the counselor needs to value objectivity...
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...the possible barriers and or challenges being therapists may possibly experience throughout the sessions they are facilitating. The paper will discuss the efficiency as well as the inefficiency of both group and individual therapy. It is very imperative for therapists to apply moral ethics in their practice. Study from several academic periodicals, trainings and textbook understandings are noted features for this paper. Groups The implementations of ethics in counseling is not to micromanage and/or try to inform someone of how to do their job, it is provided in order to help counselors and other professionals maintain standards within the profession one is in and it is the standard of behavior or action in relation to others. “A code of ethics for most professional organizations or associations is designed to articulate the standards of practice for a group of people.” (Kocet, 2006). Although ethics have many definitions, they are all intertwined to state the same meaning. According to Jacobs (2012), “Most ethical problems and situations deal with therapy and growth groups, although ethical standards apply to leaders of all kinds of groups.” (p. 27) These types of problems or unethical behavior usually occurs when a leader is not knowledgeable enough to lead a group or the leader shows or have a lack of care for their members. “All professional associations, such as the American Counseling...
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...respect bestowed on the client by the counselor wherein information between the two will not be divulged by the counselor. 2. Exceptions to Confidentiality danger to the public supercedes the protective privilege of a therapeutic relationship. a. Duty to Warn b. Clear and Imminent Danger changed to “ 3. Record Keeping 4. The ACA Code of Ethics serves five main purposes: 5. 1. The Code enables the association to clarify to current and 6. future members, and to those served by members, the 7. nature of the ethical responsibilities held in common by 8. its members. 9. 2. The Code helps support the mission of the association. 10. 3. The Code establishes principles that define ethical behavior 11. and best practices of association members. 12. 4. The Code serves as an ethical guide designed to assist 13. members in constructing a professional course of action 14. that best serves those utilizing counseling services and 15. best promotes the values of the counseling profession. 16. 5. The Code serves as the basis for processing of ethical 17. complaints and inquiries initiated against members 18. of the association. 19. The ACA Code of Ethics contains eight main sections that 20. address the following areas: 21. Section A: The Counseling Relationship 22. Section B: Confidentiality, Privileged Communication, 23. and Privacy 24. Section C: Professional Responsibility 25. Section D:...
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...Abstract: This paper evaluates an ethical school counseling dilemma where a counselor is ultimately faced with a student’s disclosure of suicidal intentions. The setting takes place in a public high school where Lakia, a counselor decides to begin a “relationship skills” group. Lakia post advertisements drawing interest from current students through the schools counseling office. She advertised with little information regarding the mission or purpose of the group. Lakia did not request information from students interested in the group such as their interest to participate, the nature of their past and current problems or previous experiences with other groups. The first meeting began with a total of nine students heavily skewed in the female gender with only two male participants. During the opening of the first meeting, one of the male participants named Robert self discloses his violent past and that he often experiences anger issues predominantly toward women. During a break, five of the female participants decide to exclude themselves from the group. Robert then proceeds to become emotional and unveils his intentions to commit suicide when he arrives home afterschool. This paper will evaluate this ethical dilemma using the American Counseling Association’s (ACA) Decision Model. Evaluation will include discussions identifying the problem, applying the American School Counseling Association (ASCA) Ethical Code, determining the nature and dimensions of the dilemma...
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...Professor of Counselor Education at Franciscan University of Steubenville. She obtained her doctoral degree in Counselor Education and Supervision from Duquesne University and has worked in the field as a counselor since 2000. Christin is a licensed professional clinical counselor, as well as a National Certified Counselor. Her clinical work spans a variety of issues and includes counseling with individuals, couples, and families. Currently, she offers pro-bono counseling services in Steubenville and Wintersville, Ohio through the Catholic Diocese of Steubenville. She is the editor of The Counselor’s Companion: What Every Beginning Counselor Needs to Know (co-written with Jocelyn Gregoire), as well as numerous articles. Christin also has conducted trainings abroad in the Seychelles Islands and in Mauritius, which have been aimed at providing consultation to emerging counseling programs. Jocelyn Gregoire, CSSp, EdD, LPC, NCC, ACS has been a Roman Catholic priest for 25 years and has been involved in the counseling field for many years. He is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Counseling, Psychology, and Special Education at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In addition to his doctorate in Education, he holds two other graduate degrees. Through his expertise as a professional counselor, Dr. Gregoire has helped thousands of people across the world in their journeys toward personal growth and healing. He is a National Certified Counselor (NCC), Licensed...
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