...ethical appeal. Ethical appeal basically means the credibility of the speaker or writer. Ethos can make your argument more appealing because the readers, or audience, know that the information given isn’t fake. One can bring ethos to their argument automatically just from their title. For example, King George VI’s speech, given in 1939 the 3rd of September, declaring Britain was at war with Germany already has ethos because of his title as king. His title as king allowed him to speak of war and for no one to doubt him because he is king and wouldn’t lie or joke on such a matter to his citizens. Not everyone can have automatic ethos so most appeal to ethos by having to build up their credibility and trustworthiness to their audience or readers. Judith Ortiz Cofer’s The Myth of the Latin Woman: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria is a prime example of...
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...Black Odyssey: The Ordeal of Slavery in America: Review In this short work Professor Huggins explores the position and achievement of black slaves in American society, with its dream of 'life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness', from which they were excluded, except as necessary instruments. Wisely, instead of cramming a narrative of 250 years of complex social and economic history into 242 pages of text, he uses his talents as an established historian of black American culture to offer the general, rather than the academic, reader an admirable blend of the higher generalization and the higher popularization. Professor Huggins draws on recent work on the slave family and on black initiatives within the structure of slave society, as well as on the black American historiographical tradition of examining and celebrating what, in the title of a famous work, W. E. B. Du Bois called 'The Souls of Black Folk'. There are also echoes in this journal of a concept that stretches back into the nineteenth century, and whose most distinguished advocate was the great Liberian scholar and proto-Pan-Africanist E. W. Blyden. This is the belief that black people have unique spiritual and artistic talents, through which they can redeem not only themselves, but also the materialistically successful but spiritually deprived white peoples. While avoiding the racial basis of Blyden's thought, Professor Huggins seems to incline to this view. He portrays a world of black slaves who were not merely...
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...time, were very outspoken about how McCarthyism was affecting the nation. Edward Murrow, a journalist, used his straight forward speech to expose Joseph McCarthy and his deceptive ways. In the same way, Arthur Miller, a playwright, used his play The Crucible to attempt to expose McCarthy, but was missing the focus he needed to get his point...
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...WEST CHESTER UNIVERSITY Mary Powell Dr. Sandra M. Tomkowicz BLA 201-Legal Environment of Business Alyssa Straiton Spring 2016 Sections 01, 02 & 03 Section 03 Assignment - Constitutional Law, Administrative Agencies, Intentional Torts & Intellectual Property ** You may complete the assignment with one or two partners from any of my three (3) sections of BLA 201. Each student will receive the same grade. PLEASE TYPE YOUR RESPONSES ON THIS DOCUMENT. DUE DATE: Friday, April 22, 2016 ** Read the story FDA Warns Tobacco Companies Advertising “Natural” Cigarettes, located at http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/08/27/435235804/fda-warns-tobacco-companies-advertising-natural-cigarettes and answer the following questions: 1. What type of speech is at issue? False or misleading speech 2. If the tobacco companies challenge the FDA’s order as violating their First Amendment free speech rights, will the companies win? Explain why or why not. The tobacco companies will not win because false or misleading speech is not protected under the First Amendment, so therefore none of their rights are being violated. If the tobacco were able to scientifically prove their claims, then they would win because then their First Amendment rights would be violated. ** Read the following stories (in chronological order): In Fighting FBI, Apple Says Free Speech Rights Mean No Forced Coding, located at http://www.npr.org/section...
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...the debate on whether America is still the sole superpower, nor is he keen on using that debate as a point of entry. Indeed, as he makes poignantly clear in the first sentence of the book, his interest is in “the rise of the rest,” and it is only in the final third of the book (circa p.182 onwards) that Fareed ponders “how America will fare in the new world.” The Post-American World begins with the observation that over the last five hundred years, the world has seen three tectonic power shifts: (1) the rise of the Western world that resulted in modernity as we know it (brought on by science and technology, commerce and capitalism, and the agricultural and industrial revolutions); (2) the rise and dominance of the United States towards the end of the...
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...A BRIEF CONTENTS PART 1 • GETTING STARTED 1. Becoming a Public Speaker 2. From A to Z: Overview of a Speech 3. Managing Speech Anxiety 4. Ethical Public Speaking 5. Listeners and Speakers 1 2 8 1 4 23 30 PART 2 • DEVELOPMENT 6. Analyzing the Audience 7. Selecting a Topic and Purpose 8. Developing Supporting Material 9. Locating Supporting Material 10. Doing Effective Internet Research 1 Citing Sources in Your Speech 1. 36 37 49 57 64 73 83 PART 3 • ORGANIZATION 1 Organizing the Speech 2. 1 Selecting an Organizational Pattern 3. 1 Outlining the Speech 4. 92 93 103 1 10 PART 4 • STARTING, FINISHING, AND STYLING 15. Developing the Introduction and Conclusion 16. Using Language 1 22 1 23 1 31 PART 5 • DELIVERY 1 Choosing a Method of Delivery 7. 18. Controlling the Voice 19. Using the Body 1 39 1 40 1 44 1 48 PART 6 • PRESENTATION AIDS 20. Types of Presentation Aids 21. Designing Presentation Aids 22. A Brief Guide to Microsoft PowerPoint 154 155 161 164 PART 7 • TYPES OF SPEECHES 23. Informative Speaking 24. Persuasive Speaking 25. Speaking on Special Occasions 1 74 1 75 188 21 7 PART 8 • THE CLASSROOM AND BEYOND 230 26. Typical Classroom Presentation Formats 27. Science and Mathematics Courses 28. Technical Courses 29. Social Science Courses 30. Arts and Humanities Courses 31. Education Courses 32. Nursing and Allied Health Courses 33. Business Courses and Business Presentations 34. Presenting in Teams 35. Communicating in Groups 231 236 240 243 246 248 25 1 253 258...
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...Abraham Castillo Persuasive Speech Topic: Organ Donation Thesis Statement: Becoming an Organ Donor isn’t only an important decision for yourself, but also to the life you are capable of saving and having the power to save. I. Introduction- A. Attention Material/ Credibility Material: The Holidays are coming up, and some of us are anxious to see what the holidays may bring for us. How about if this gift we were patiently waiting wasn’t one you can find at your local retail store, but instead this was a gift you were on a waiting list for and it was life threatening. Shutong Hao (Tong Tong) received the heart of donor Matthew Mingin, a four-year-old described by his mother as “a polite and generous boy with a heart of gold.” With her new heart, Tong Tong was transformed into an energetic, happy child. Matthew’s gift helped save other lives as well. “One woman made the decision to become a donor when she heard our story,” says Shutong’smother. “We are so grateful.” B. Tie to Audience- Someone on the 10,000 donor list maybe someone you know either a relative or family member C. Thesis and Preview- Today I would like to talk to you about the need of organs in our country, how you may become an organ donor, finally how you’re family and the organ recipient’s benefit from your donation. [Transition: Organ donors] II. Body- It may be your next door neighbor or even a close relative that may need a donation. 1. In 1902, the first kidney transplant...
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...Rhetorical Terms/Devices Figurative language is the generic term for any artful deviation from the ordinary mode of speaking or writing. It is what makes up a writer’s style – how he or she uses language. The general thinking is that we are more likely to be persuaded by rhetoric that is interesting, even artful, rather than mundane. When John F. Kennedy said, “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country” (an example of anastrophe), it was more interesting – and more persuasive – than the simpler, “Don’t be selfish.” Indeed, politicians and pundits use these devices to achieve their desired effect on the reader or listener nearly every time they speak. The stylistic elements in a piece of writing work to produce a desired effect related to the text’s (and author’s) purpose, and thus reveals the rhetorical situation. In classical rhetoric, figures of speech are divided into two main groups: Schemes — Deviation from the ordinary pattern or arrangement of words (transference of order). Tropes — Deviation from the ordinary and principal meaning of a word (transference of meaning). *Important Note: Words marked with an asterisk* are words for which it would be impossible for you to write 3 examples for your weekly vocabulary assignment. In those cases, please write only the definition, in your own words, and the rhetorical uses/effect of that device, or do what you are instructed to do under those words. Please mark these words that deviate...
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...programme, rather as a resource for tutors, to support the planning and delivery of programmes suited to the needs of their own particular groups of learners. This resource should not be the sole source of task materials, since part of the ethos of essential skills is that the learner should have some choice in their materials for reading, writing and speaking/listening. Tutors can adapt the materials to suit the specific needs of their groups. The resource is suitable for use up to Level 2 Essential Skills Communication. Appendix 1 contains some information on how the use of these materials can generate evidence for some specific units in QCF Health and Social Care qualifications. Acknowledgements Thanks are due to the North West Regional College and Belfast Metropolitan College for the development of these resources and also for piloting the resources in their respective courses. They have proven to be successful with feedback...
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...Entertaining Speech An entertaining speech is one whose sole purpose is to have the audience enjoy the presentation. The purpose of an entertaining speech is not to educate, inform or inspire … it is to make the audience smile, relax, enjoy and maybe even laugh their heads off. How do you make a speech entertaining? There are many ways to entertain an audience. You can: * tell jokes * tell funny stories * dramatize an anecdote * tell a scary story When it comes right down to it … there are probably as many ways to entertain as there are entertainers … and audiences. That said, there are some guidelines to creating an entertaining speech. * Chose an appropriate topic: You don’t want the topic to be too dense, complicated or heavy. Remember, you’re not trying to give your audience a greater understanding of anything. You’re there to help them have a good time. * Enjoy yourself: Believe it or not, it is hard for an audience to enjoy your presentation if it looks like you are not enjoying presenting it! * Keep it simple: Your presentation should be easy to follow. Don’t make it hard for your audience to keep up with you mentally … or in any other way. * Make it visceral: Use vivid word pictures. This is not the type of presentation where you can be lazy in your descriptions. Make your words pop with strong images that pop in their minds. * Say it like a roller coaster, baby! Add unexpected twists and turns to your presentation...
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...Party(Gilder Lehrman). However following WWII the the time period of the 1950-1970 was marked as a period of mass fear of Communism. American fears of internal communist infiltration reached Its highest point since the First Red Scare of the 1920-30s. Government organizations investigated millions of americans, “asking what books and magazines they read, what unions and civic organizations they belonged to, and whether they went to church” (Gilder Lehrman). This time period was also marked by the major shift and blacklisting of celebrities primarily in show business. One of the people who took full advantage of the mass hysteria was Senator Joseph McCarthy from Wisconsin. McCarthy began his crusade by giving a speech at the Women’s Republican Club of Wheeling, in West Virginia, where he stated that he had a list of over 220 confirmed communists living in the US. The numbers of this statement dropped over the years as people began to watch him more closely. However this didn’t stop him from rising to more power, after the Republicans regained a majority in the senate, McCarthy took control of a subcommittee, and performed investigations on government agencies. Other Cold War “activists” consisted of Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey, union leader Walter Reuther, men who spoke out against McCarthy's tactics, but still agreed with a lot of his core beliefs. While this led to a divergence of tactics between activists, it still led to a growth in Anti-Communist sentiments through...
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...Frederick Douglass, a black man who changed America's history with being one of the foremost leaders of the abolitionist movement, which fought to end slavery within the United States in the decades prior to the Civil War. A slave in America until the age of 20, wrote three of the most highly regarded autobiographies of the 19th century, yet he only began learning to read and write when he turned 12 years old. After an early life of hardship and pain, Douglass escaped to the North to began his soul changing and spiritual beliefs of all men and women should be created equal. The institution of slavery scarred him so deeply that he decided to dedicate his powers of speech and prose to fighting it. In this paper it will include discussions on Frederick Douglass's early life childhood, the struggles he overcame to became a successor his motives and morals, the impact he had on the civil war, his achievements, and the legacy that went on within his name. Frederick Douglass was born as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey and was a slave from Talbot County, Maryland. His date of birth varied because slaves couldn't keep records, in result Frederick adopted February 14 as his birthday because his mother Harriet Bailey used to call him her "little valentine".(Douglass, (1885). When he was only an infant, he was separated from his mother, and she subsequently died when he was about seven years old. He then lived with his grandmother, Betty Bailey. His father remains unknown...
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...necessary to govern the now-independent colonies. After much debate, they drafted and adopted the Articles of Confederation in 1777. Although the Articles were not officially ratified until 1781, they served as the actual constitution until that time. Under the authority of the Articles, the states created a national Congress comprised of annually elected delegates from all thirteen states. Each state had one vote in Congress, and, in most cases, decisions were made based on majority rule. The National Congress’ powers over the states were specific and definite: it had the sole power to negotiate treaties, declare war, and make peace. It also reserved the right to maintain an army and navy and regulated interaction with Native Americans in the West. The delegates also granted Congress the power to resolve interstate disputes, grant loans, print money, and operate a national postal system. Eventually, Congress was also authorized to govern western territories until they achieved statehood. All powers not granted to Congress were reserved for state governments. Congress had no power to levy taxes. For example, it could only request that the individual states raise revenue to cover their share of national expenses. Furthermore, any amendments made to the Articles required an animus agreement from the states. The Articles made the National Congress weak on purpose. Having just won independence from Great Britain, many Americans feared that creating a strong federal government with too...
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...Terms – AP English Language and Composition These terms should be of use to you in answering the multiple-choice questions, analyzing prose passages, and composing your essays. allegory – The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. In some allegories, for example, an author may intend the characters to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. The allegorical meaning usually deals with moral truth or a generalization about human existence. alliteration – The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in “she sells sea shells”). Although the term is not frequently in the multiple choice section, you can look for alliteration in any essay passage. The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage. allusion – A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion. ambiguity – The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. analogy – A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating...
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...A Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Student’s Name University Affiliation Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Abstract This study offers a research on the application of metaphor in the discourse of cultural and political aspects between these two countries; The United States of America and Great Britain. As a result, this is an analysis of the various factors related to the perspective in terms of the cultural and socio-political phenomenon, in which a lot of attention is placed on the elements ascertaining the pragmatic, variable, and cognitive details of the British and US's political discourses: The inaugural speeches of four US presidents and party political manifestos of two British political parties during the period between 1974 and 1997 are analysed. The main purpose of undertaking this kind of comparative study of the British and the American political discourses is quite evident, these discourses symbolize intriguing and complex methods of cultural values and political differences as depicted in the respective linguistic contexts. The key findings are that metaphors from the domains of conflict, journey and buildings are general across the divide. However, the British corpus contain metaphors that draw on the source domain of plants whereas the American corpus hugely draws on source domains like fire and light and the physical environments that are...
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