...* People were firm believers in an afterlife. This made people follow religion much more closely, so with that in mind they would obey anything the church would say. * The church manipulated the followers of the church to believe that they would essentially make the decision whether they were destined to heaven or hell. The church took full advantage of this and collected taxes from its followers. * Followers were required to pay a 10th of their earnings to the church. This was called tithing, the people were asked to pay a 10th of income, crops, seeds, or livestock. * The church also convinced its people that they would either go to heaven, hell or purgatory after death. Purgatory was believed to be a place that the soul went to after death if one wasn’t condemned to hell and wasn’t a firm enough believer in god to go to heaven. So the person’s soul would remain in purgatory until his or her soul was purified. The important part to this was the more prayers the person received while in purgatory the faster there souls were purified. So people would buy what they called indulgences with money and in return the church would reduce the time they spent in purgatory. This was another tactic used by the church to increase its wealth and dominance. * PS 1…Tetzel’s Sermon on Preaching Indulgences How many mortal sins are committed in a day… , and those that commit them must needs suffer endless punishment in the burning pains of Purgatory. * Luther, The Ninety-Five...
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...Dr. Malmude Monday/Tuesday, September 28/29, 2015 HY 101 D, E, F, J Western Civilization I Areas Covered by Next Week’s Exam Textbook Chapters: 1 and 2 Classroom Content Through Thursday-Friday September 24, 25, 2015 Content Areas Covered (26 Theme Areas): 1. Periods covered in Western Civilization, Parts 1 & II, from pre-historic times to the present (names of the main periods, with dates). 2. Neolithic, hunting and gathering, nomadic, mobile, non-rooted tribal societies. 3. The characteristics of the riverine environment. 4. Transitioning into a settled-irrigation-based systematic farming society with city walls and social/functional classes. 5. Warrior tribes, their common hunting and gathering ancestry, which they share with the very river-based societies whom they attack. The warrior tribes’ role in the creation of land empire. * 6. Four stages of writing and data recording. * Oral tradition- little writing passed down by word of mouth * Syllabic writing- focuses on the sound of word * Alphabet- phonecians roughly 26 symbols 7. Tangible and intangible infrastructure. * Tangible is physical infrastructure; intangible infrastructure is things such as language or attitude. Everyone has infrastructure. 8. Systematic farming and population increase. * Systematic farming leads to population increase. But how? * Systematic farming is an efficient way to feed people, it raises grain and grain...
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...they could use their words to twist and manipulate the minds of people into believing that what they were saying was the absolute truth. Speeches were also a very powerful way for their messages to be heard. Posters are another form of propaganda. HE gave this speech to describe a military disaster and warn od a possible invasion attempt by nazi Germany. He also had to prepare his audience for France’s falling out of the war without releasing the French republic to do so. The speech as an update for parliament on how the warfront is and England’s armed forces. The people needed to know what was happening and they needed an update. The speech was effective for people at that time. The overall purpose was to open up a northern and western...
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...Age of Conquest or Age of Exploration: Taking place around the early 15th century, Europeans began to seek new lands and resources. Began to venture out into the Western world to claim new lands and colonize. The Europeans exploring the west were mainly the Spanish, Portuguese, English and the French. The Age of Conquest would be referring to the Europeans taking over native inhabitants of the new world by a hostile method and implementing their new ways of life. It also brought slavery to the people, harsh working conditions, religion and exploiting them in any possible way. As for the Age of Exploration referred to the royal crowns back home sending out conquistadors and travelers to discover new lands, routes, trading posts, resources and map out the world. * Upon arriving to the new world, the Europeans began to kill off any resistance to their campaign. Attacked the natives, destroyed their lands, began to farm for natural resources, and enslaved some of the indigenous people. * Europeans believed by law and their given rights that their Gods had permitted them to take over and exploit any new cultures they encountered. * The Spanish Reconquista of 1492 made it so that it justified Christianity by exiling all of the Jews and Muslims. Therefore Christianity had to be spread, making it “alright” to overpower others and take over. * Christopher Columbus is sent out in 1492 to the Americas. The exploration lead to them colonizing, which later leads to the...
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...Initial Activity Assessment _____________ ______ Name: Med record # Sex: M F DOB: _______________ Birthplace: __________________________________________ Marital Status: M W S D Family Info: # of children ____ # of grandchildren ____ # of great grandchildren: ____ # of step-children:____ # step-grand:_____ Significant other:____________________________ Res. Relationship with family: _______________ Registered voter:__________ Veteran: _____ Branch & date: ________________ Spouse in service: ____ Branch & date: ________________________________ Religious affiliation: _________________________ Personal Involvement: _____________________________________________ Education level: ____________________________Ability to read: _____ Ability to write: _____ Other Language:______________ Past occupations & jobs: ____________________________________________________________ __________________________ Organizational involvement: ____________________________________________________________ _______________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Hand dominance: Left Right Tobacco user: ______ Kind: _______________ How much: _________________ When last used: ___________________________ Alcohol user: ______ Kind: _______________ How much: _________________ When last used: ___________________________ Interest Survey Games Bingo Checkers Chess Backgammon Dominoes Monopoly Scrabble Yahtzee _____________ _____________...
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...Why Chinese mothers are superior There are numerous opinions about how to raise children ideally. Everyone want to do what is best for their children, but the description about how to do so, is extremely different from parent to parent. There has especially been quite a lot debate about how Chinese mothers raise their children compared to Western mothers. Many Westerns people describe the Chinese mothers methods of upbringing as strict, pushy and some times directly cruel. The article “Why Chinese Mothers are Superior” deals with these differences between methods of upbringing, written by the 48-year-old Chinese-American mother Amy Chua and it is thereby seen from her point of view. The author Amy Chua is a professor at Yale Law School and has two daughters herself, whom she is raising very strictly with lots of rules and big demands. Chua claims that the way that Chinese mothers are upbringing their children, is superior compared to the Western mothers methods of upbringing. She underlines than in order to achieve success, the children must focus on certain priority areas, and therefore they are forced to give up other things. This is why her own daughters are not allowed to attend to sleepovers, choose their own extracurricular activities and they are demand to be the very best in every subject except gym and drama. This is only a few of the rules, which Chua’s daughters must live by. Chua underlines that one of the most important parts of upbringing in Chinese manner, is...
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...“‘Boy, I got vision and the rest of the world wears bifocals, ’” says the famous Butch Cassidy, played by Paul Newman, from the movie, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. Put in theaters in 1969, this western film became a hit amongst audiences across the country. Directed by George Roy Hill, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid qualifies as a western because the film provides moviegoers with large and dry landscapes, old-fashioned crime, and a partner who plays the role as a sidekick. In Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, the setting is a large and dry desert-like landscape. A western is typically known for its’ characters to be in a setting with a hot climate, lots of dirt/sand, and tall dry mountains; this film contains all of that. There...
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...Western Movie Graphics vs. Today’s Graphics Ashford University Vicky Roach Starbuck Social Problems SOC203 Instructor Gina Rollings April 4, 2011 Western movies have been around since the beginning of cinematic history in the US. They are no longer the most common nor the most popular movies presented to audiences. However, they still hold a special spot for those who love adventure and larger than life heroes. Stick around and learn more about the history of western movies and the producers and actors that have created them. Before western films became popular with movie going fans, western books and shows blazed the trail, whetting the appetite of millions for adventure. Although life in the early west was harsh, novels began proliferating in the 1860's which presented a more ideal or glamorized version of the experience. Real-life characters such as William F. Cody ("Buffalo Bill") and James Butler Hickok ("Wild Bill" Hickok) as well as a number of fictional characters were extremely popular. While many early western movies told moral tales of good triumphing over evil and men fighting for a righteous cause some were also comedies and others merely action packed showcases for their smart horses and talented "cowboy" actors. Films like "Custer’s Last Fight" in 1912, "On the Night Stage" in 1914, "Hell's Hinges" in 1916, and "Tumbleweeds" in 1925 were well received. Certainly films about the west have focused on cowboys, gunslingers,...
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...-Why Chinese Mothers are Superior- The essay “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior” by Amy Chua was published on “The Wall Street Journal” January 8, 2011. The topic of this text is Chinese parenting methods opposed to the western way of parenting. Within the first few lines it is very clear that Amy Chua has a different view on parenting than most traditional western parents. The title itself is a claim, and it sets the tone for how the essay is going to be. From the start we get the hint that this text will try to convince us, that Chinese parenting methods are superior. Amy Chua begins something that she claims is on a lot of people’s minds. The wonders about how Chinese parents are able to raise such successful kids. She then continues to saying that she can give the answer to these wonders, because she has done it herself. Amy Chua gives us a list of things that her daughters, were never allowed to do. This list seems, to us, unusual and maybe even mad. But to her, this is a necessity in her way of parenting. To her this is logical and is what must be done to get successful kids. In her list we see that not only are her children not allowed to get any grade less than A, but also they have to be the No. 1 student in every subject, except gym and drama. This put a really huge amount of pressure on her daughters. Amy Chua is an American lawyer, writer and legal scholar. She is the Professor of Law at Yale Law School. Amy Chua has two daughters Sophia and Louisa. The fact...
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...Shane by Angela Day “Shane” is a screenplay that was based on Jack Schaefer's 1949 book of the same name. The film is a classic western tale which is a very familiar and highly regarded in the western genre and the most successful Western of the 1950s and it is also a period piece since it is set in the late 1800’s. The film's rich color cinematography captures the beautiful environment of the frontier which was filmed on location in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, with the mountains as a backdrop. The location and the having been filmed in color is effective in telling the story and had it been done in black and white it would have lost some of the visual impact. This film received six Academy Award nominations including “Best Cinematography” and won one for photography. Many films since Shane have paid homage to the film and used a similar plot and theme. The film used technicolored panoramic angles to create a symbolic myth: the age old story of the duel between good and evil, the social conflict (with families, law and order, and homesteaders) the challenges faced in the era which included an implied love connection between Shane and Marion, lawless gunslingers, and a land-dispute conflict between a homesteader and cattle baron, and the coming of age of a young boy. The film is riddled with classic symbols and conflicts from the uprooting of the stubborn stump in the yard, Torrey's murder in the muddy street and his hilltop funeral, and the climactic finale...
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...Despite the fact that The Battle of Elderbush Gulch (1913) and Stagecoach (1939) were made in two separate generations, there is an immense amount of similarities. D.W. Griffith's silent film was produced in a short amount of time and had a low budget. John Ford’s talkie used innovative camera angles, music and conversation to drive plot and action. Although different stories, during the rising action, both films had settlers surrounded by shooting Indians and were saved at the last second by soldiers. Characters followed a pyramid of importance, where white men were held in the highest regard and Native Americans were seen as primitive savages. Starting at the bottom of the pyramid, there wasn't an individually unique Indian, always being seen in a group. By having Native Americans seen as a setting, it sharpened “the moral issues and dramatic conflicts for the white principles”. The Native Americans were woken up from being passed out drunk and were called to brutally attack the villagers of Elderbush Gulch. Similarly in Stagecoach, they were not seen until the climax but were a constant ever looming threat to the concerned white travelers. Even though the Indians initiated the attack towards the group of travelers in the stagecoach chase, they were portrayed as incompetent, not thinking of shooting the horses. Accuracy did not concern the directors when depicting the Plain Indians. Mexicans are above the destructive Native Americans, but are still below white people. Unlike...
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...John Ford’s The Man who Shot Liberty Valance is one of the greatest American films ever made, and certainly John Ford’s best, the only challenger to this title potentially being the quintessential western inversion, The Searchers. Many would classify The Man who Shot Liberty Valance as a western, and they, at first glance, would be correct to assume so: John Wayne, a gun fight, and a setting of the western territories. At further watchings, however, one can clearly see that The Man who Shot Liberty Valance is lacks the devices defining a film as a western, and shows the death of the “John Ford Western”: this is shown through the setting, the shots, and the overall plot and theme of the film. The Man who Shot Liberty Valance is about Ransom...
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...Number Three The world now a day seems to be split into mainly to worlds - The Western - and the eastern world. It appears to be the idea, in the western part, that people in for example China only are put into the world for ‘our’ delight. That all they should ever do is just work in factories or the tertiary sector and never granting them a single thought. It is this prevailing idea, and the biggest population on the earth, that gives the Chinese leaders a lust for power and a unique opportunity of taking advantages of the lower classes, making them work longer hours and paying them less. It is a great scenario moneywise for the Western firms because it is possible for companies to produce/submit their products to absurdly low prices. But who is affected when western people make extraordinary demands? In the short story ‘Number Three’ Anna Metcalfe (A.M.) tries to give one version of what happens when an employee, on the one hand, has a manager, whom the employee is scared of asking for help and thereby showing weakness, and on the other hand has a ‘customer’, whom the employee is trying to satisfy and comply with the demands there may come. In the short story, we are introduced to Miss Coral. She now lives in the city Chongqing in China. She was born and raised a few hundred miles in the country. In the story, she works as International Hostess for Number Three Middle School since the rival school had employed a “Real English Teacher”...
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...of the book revolves around Big ranchers, new comers, trying to take control over more of the west and taking it from cowboys, who have held control for many years. Many people within the industry did not like how much power the cowboys had, especially big ranchers. The cowboys band together and form a "union", ahead of its time and before any actual workforce unions had been established, against the push of the big ranchers. Elmer Kelton was born in Andrews, Texas with a population of 15,000. He was born raised on the Five Well Ranch, and adopted the culture very well, which could be one of the reasons he has successfully written many western novels. Kelton served in the United States Army from 1944-1946, serving in World War 2, which helped him portray a theme of courage throughout many of his novels. Elmer Kelton was downed the best western author of his generation. The book opens with a dispute, between Rascal McGinty and a Figure 4 member named Dayton Brumley, over a strayed cow that’s brand has faded and is no longer visible. Hitchcock was asked to be a neutral judge in determining who the cow belonged to. The other cowboys gravitated towards Hitchcock and followed him, mainly because of his character. After much debating and arguing Hitchcock concluded that the Cow belonged to Rascal McGinty and had been branded a LR. This fueled the Figure 4 cowboys, while the W cowboys were having supper around the campfire. A Figure 4 ranch manager rode up and began accusing them...
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...The first common western trope used in True Grit is the good guy vs. bad guy. In this film, there are several “good guys.” First, there is Rooster whom at first seems mysterious and cold. However, his bravery and nobility shine through as he rescues Mattie from the snake pit and and tirelessly carries her to safety after her horse falters. The other obvious good guy is LaBouef, who returns to helps to rescue both Mattie & Chaney towards the end of the movie. Our two protagonists spend the movie hunting down the “bad guys”, who in this film are Chaney (the heartless renegade who murdered Mattie’s dad), and Ned (his boss and fellow renegade). The second common trope used in this movie is a final showdown. In a grassy pasture, Rooster comes face...
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