...Control theories make a little more sense to me. Reckless' containment theory says there are predispositions that make people commit crimes. He uses the terms pushes and pulls. Pushes can come from troubled psyches, or stressful circumstances outside the individual, whereas pulls can be from family, friends, etc. His point is however that these pushes and pulls are not evenly distributed between society. He recognizes these pushes and pulls but says there is more needed to completely explain. Not all youths in socially disorganized areas that are exposed to these pushes or pulls commit crimes. Hence the factor of control. He studied inner and outer containement. Inner involves a strong conscience, conventional beliefs, commitment to goals, etc. Outer containment is an array of forces that limit exposure to criminal pushes and pulls. I like this theory a lot. I think it's hard to test, because we're talking about a lot of inner questions like morals and goals. He recognizes the "pushes and pulls which can explain a lot of crime, but not all. Then he factors in these containment factors which push the theory further. I think it's very valid and important to study these types of factors, but at the same time I think it's hard to study it. All in all, I like this theory and I think it makes a lot of sense. Hirschi's a bit different with the social bond theory. He didn't attempt to explain why individuals engage in criminal acts, but rather why individuals choose to conform to conventional...
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...Research Study #1: Victim experiences in hate crimes based on sexual orientation By: Herek, Gregory M., Cogan, Jeanine C., Gillis, J. Roy2 Universities Affiliated: University of California, Davis., University of Toronto Abstract: Using interview data from a convenience sample of 450 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults, the varieties of victim experiences in hate crimes based on sexual orientation are described. Most crimes were perpetrated in public settings by one or more strangers, but victimization also occurred in other locales, and perpetrators included neighbors, coworkers, and relatives. In deciding whether a crime was based on their sexual orientation, victims tended to rely primarily on contextual cues and perpetrators’ explicit statements. Victims’ concerns about police bias and public disclosure of their sexual orientation were important factors in deciding whether to report antigay crimes, as were beliefs about the crime’s severity and the likelihood that perpetrators would be punished. Reflection: The method used in this research study is the interview method. They collected a sample size of 450 willing volunteers (224 men: 204 gay, 20 bisexual and 226 women: 202 lesbian, 24 bisexual). They all were asked to describe their experiences with hate crimes and there was a split between people who knew for sure they were attacked by biased views and those who knew their attacker did not have any biased views against them. Many volunteers felt they were most likely...
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...QUESTION: ◦ Do you agree with your peer’s view of what constitutional principles should guide policy on victimless crimes? Why/why not? ◦ How does your view differ from that expressed in your peer’s post? WHAT HE SAID: William Kiatta The book states that "victimless crimes" are, "the act among willing adults that violate some moral principle supported by the dominant forces in society constitute a substantial fraction of crimes." With this being said, I do not believe in "victimless crimes" such as drug trafficking, drug use, and prostitution. Victimless crimes such as gambling, homosexual acts, and sodomy should be guided by the 10th admendment. The 10th amendemnt pretty much states that the power not granted in the constitution by the U.S. is up to each individual state to make it a law or not. This is good because each states sees "victimless crimes" differently. The Constitution has more of a commutarian view on "victimless crimes". The situation in this discussion says that some victimless crimes were prostitution, drug trafficking, and drug use. These three examples are illegal in every state. I do not believe the constituion supports these acts. People are arrested everyday for these reasons and it is for our protection. If it were up to people to decide wether or not to do this there would be more prostituion, more drug use and more drug trafficking. This would cause higher spread of diseases and crime rate. "the use of illegal drugs is often associated with...
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...12/13/1 Now days a rebel is, unfortunately, mistaken a lot as a redneck or Goth. Even though rebels cannot be classified by ethnic groups people have been making assumptions on what makes a true rebel. In the book 1984 there is a couple, Julia and Winston, who have been committing various crimes against their government. But the question is who of the two would be considered more of a rebel? By looking at what makes a rebel, how Julia is a rebel, and what makes Winston a rebel we are able to classify which of the too is the true rebel. A rebel is a person who stands up for their own personal opinions despite what anyone else thinks or says. It’s all about being an individual and refusing to follow a crowd or government that forces you to think the same way even if it means being punished because of it. True rebels know who they are and what they stand for. They know what they believe in and don’t let anyone else change it. They commit crimes, brake rules and are straight forward about things they don’t like; they tell things as they are. Julia is a sensual, realistic, and generally focused more on living in the moment kind of person but even though she is still a rebel. She’s most concerned with enjoying sex and making practical plans to avoid getting caught by the Party but in most of those plans it involves doing rebellious acts. Such as stealing, having sex, and doing things in secrecy. Although Julia does not do as much as Winston her purpose and main goal is...
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...2.) Liberty is defined as a contested moral and political principle that seeks to identify the condition in which human beings are able to govern themselves. Liberty is interpreted by roles of individuals in society; therefore, liberty has different descriptions depending on the society you are considering. Paternalism is the complete opposite of liberty. It is defined as the fatherly way of running a government, where society has no rights or responsibilities given to them. It is a form of policy that practices authoritative and controlling ways within a government. Unfortunately, the use of non-therapeutic drugs, alcohol, guns, prostitution and pornography are very much available in our day and age. Drugs are available amongst children and within middle school. Alcohol and guns are not as accessible to get to because there are laws that make it more difficult for minors to actually get their hands on them. Pornography is becoming less accessible for minors as well throughout the internet. These things are reoccurring every day and hour of the day and making it illegal will not stop it. In fact, illegalizing the availability of these things will increase the crime rate. Minimizing the requirements to use or have access to them would be a more productive solution. For example, under the Constitution of the United States of America, citizens of this country have the right to bear arm, but this does not mean minors should have the opportunity to buy and use a gun....
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...Case Report #1 Names: James J. Parrott, Daniel Dadi, Kevin Kleier Case: 2.4 – (Jake Baker) Course: CIS150-01 Date: October 2nd, 2011 1) Identify in a couple of sentences the “ethical dilemma” (or ethical question) inherent in the Case selected. Pose an open-ended question that generates many possible answers, not just a question that can be simply answered with a “yes” or “no” response. The ethical dilemma in the Jake Baker case concerns our nation’s most fought for and prided amendment, the freedom of speech. The main issue we, a society, face in this case is the right to feel safe and when does that become violated? We should use our best judgment to distinguish when someone is exercising their first amendment right or if they are stepping over the boundaries into life-threatening remarks. The question we would like to pose is “When should we deem a statement life-threatening?” 2) Identify in a couple of sentences the specific information technology (I.T) components that create the special circumstances for the Case you have selected. Information technology has allowed us to share thoughts and ideas to anyone virtually anywhere as long as they have a computer or a PDA with internet connectivity. This plays a huge role in this case because Jake Baker has found someone whom has his same interest in unique sexual fantasies and is able to communicate with them through the internet. Jake uses three types of IT components which are e-mail, internet and USENET. He...
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...Terrorism Scapegoating Islam for Terrorism Name: Maryam Khalil Class: Social Science HSP3U1 Date: May 30, 2014 Essay Most of the westerners today see Islam as a religion of hate and violence. This is due to the events of the terrorist attacks that have been happening around the world. Islam has been associated with terrorism more and more often due to few extremists who are doing terrible crimes in the name of Islam (Islam Way). The whole world knows what has been happening to Muslims in America after 9/11, but blaming 1.6 billion Muslims for the crimes of less than 10,000 people is not ethical. Those people who have never read the Quran and know nothing about Islam says that Islam teaches to kill people and to commit act of terrorism. The purpose of this essay is to resolve the misconception that Islam teaches terrorism. Islam teaches us to practice peace in every area of our daily life. The real reason why people really become terrorists is hidden from most of the people in world. Today’s media is also misrepresenting Islam and Muslims. Tragic events such as attack on World Trade Centre in New York and bombing of London and Madrid are supposed to be justified by Islam in the minds of some people (Islam Way). The actual origin of terrorism was from the Cold War between Russia and America and the place of its origin was Afghanistan. Islam is a religion of peace. To understand Islam’s point of view on terrorism one must refer to its original source which is definitely...
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...man who was always at one extreme or the other. This probably would have mattered little had he not married a wife whose nature was an exact duplicate of his own. Doubtless there exists in this world precisely the right woman for any given man to marry and vice versa; but when you consider that a human being has the opportunity of being acquainted with only a few hundred people, and out of the few hundred that there are but a dozen or less whom he knows intimately, and out of the dozen, one or two friends at most, it will easily be seen, when we remember the number of millions who inhabit this world, that probably, since the earth was created, the right man has never yet met the right woman. The mathematical chances are all against such a meeting, and this is the reason that divorce courts exist. Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of an uncompromising nature there is trouble. In the lives of these two young people there was no middle distance. The result was bound to be either love or hate, and in the case of Mr. and Mrs. Bodman it was hate of the most bitter and arrogant kind. In some parts of the world incompatibility of temper is considered a just cause for obtaining a divorce, but in England no such subtle distinction is made, and so until the wife became criminal, or the man became both criminal and cruel, these two were linked together by a bond that only death could sever. Nothing can be worse than this state of...
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...I lived in a time when my people weren’t even considered people. In that time, some of my people acted more civilized than the people who dared to say we weren’t functioning members of society like our lighter skinned, blue eyed counterparts. This time in which I was born in stemmed from a kind of so-called “physical” slavery from the white man to the blacks. I remember I never understood the concept of the physical slavery back in the 1800s as a child. My parents used to talk about those kinds of things a lot, sometimes too much, when I was younger. And of course, it called for questions. “Momma, can’t they just leave the plantation? You said they wasn’t chained up or anything, so why can’t they just run away? That’s what I would’ve done,”...
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...Research Report Series The Equality and Human Rights Commission Research Report Series publishes research carried out for the Commission by commissioned researchers. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Commission. The Commission is publishing the report as a contribution to discussion and debate. Please contact the Research Team for further information about other Commission research reports, or visit our website: Research Team Equality and Human Rights Commission Arndale House The Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3AQ Email: research@equalityhumanrights.com Telephone: 0161 829 8500 Website: www.equalityhumanrights.com You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website: www.equalityhumanrights.com/researchreports If you require this publication in an alternative format, please contact the Communications Team to discuss your needs at: communications@equalityhumanrights.com Contents List of abbreviations Acknowledgements Executive summary 1. Introduction 1.1 2. Aims and objectives of the research Page i ii iii 1 1 4 4 5 5 7 10 10 12 14 14 17 19 20 21 21 26 30 41 43 43 44 45 47 48 48 50 50 51 52 53 56 65 Methodology 2.1 Literature review 2.2 Stakeholder interviews 2.3 Interviews with disabled people 2.4 Reading this report The wider policy and legislative context, and evidence base 3.1 Legislative...
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...| Interracial Relationship | | | Alonzo Miller | 6/30/2013 | | The usual educated very dark woman wanted one thing to make their life entire, an adoring man. But the question is why do they desire to rendezvous men from out of their rush? One person’s opinion would comprise of either the rush would treat her unfair and possibly brain commanding everything she does. As for the usual educated very dark man, our excuse is we were coach by that usual woman. Yet we glimpse it every day. Why do very dark women date white men, or possibly Latino men? Or even better Japanese men? Yet the genuine investigation is why do educated women get with problem men? One cause is the believe topic. Women who are expert are very much having affairs with men who are commanding their every move. As it was mention in the first paragraph, men would use mental and physical means to make the Afro-American woman your domestics. Another reason there man would treated them like animals. One demonstration: All the Tyler Perry videos, with the exclusion of the following: The Family That Prays, Madea's Big Happy Family, and Madea Witness Protection. All the others would display how an expert Afro-American woman would be in a problem connection to a dark hue friend. Then the lightweight skin hue friend would come into the location and would save the professional Afro-American woman and dwelled joyously ever after. This can furthermore be describing as a fairy tale story. When...
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...On the 24th of March, the police department of El Cajon, CA, found Shaima Alawadi, a 32 year old Iraqi woman lying in a pool of blood with a note next to her corpse saying “go back to your own country, you terrorist” (ABC News,2012). Unfortunately, those acts that are simply labeled as “hate crimes” are more casual than what you see or hear through the mainstream media, and the reasons behind those can be peculiarly blamed to an extent on the religious diversity in the United States. Religion is one of the strongest acts that affect people, it can develop bonds as well as conflicts, and because different religions are practiced throughout the world such as Islam, Christianity, Judaism and many more its not surprising that their followers will have disagreements. And even though it might seem like those feelings are diminishing people still feel a sense of insecurity when it comes to this issue even if they tend to hide it or refuse to admit it. Religious segregation is pretty much still alive in many parts of the world, even in countries that claim the right of freedom of religion. It has led many people to be treated unfairly and wrongfully judged just because they are the minority who practice a religion which is different from the public orthodoxy. In modern day, Arabs and Muslims in exact suffer from being labeled as extremists or terrorists especially in Western cultures. five out of ten Americans believe Islam is more likely than other religions to encourage violence, despite...
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...“Arbeit Macht Frei”, a Germanic phrase which translated to English means “Work will set you free”. This mendacious phrase was hung upon the atrocity-ridden concentration camp of Auschwitz. The Jewish people already being literally ripped from their homes were forced into labor camps not knowing that their fate had been unjustly sealed, even before the war began. From 1933 to 1945, six million Jewish people were erased from the face of this earth for the sake of being scapegoats. Somebody to blame, somebody to be the burden bearers of an entire nation, to give one man and his idea the power that he needed to commit such horrific acts of violence and crimes against humanity. Whole generations were lost, not because of disease or famine, but because of a sick and twisted ideology that a specific group of humans were less than the ground they walk on. Those six million people are now no more than a photo, a memory, a dream, maybe even a name on a memorial wall. The name of this event is as well-known as the people who began and participated in this systematic annihilation of a race, it is called The Holocaust. The name in itself has a deeper meaning beyond the nine letters given to the event. The name represents how much this has truly affected the world over the past sixty years. Some would say that The Holocaust was just genocide, which has happened many times through the course of written and televised history. The name shows how significant it was after World War II...
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...Hatzopoulos War & Society Uniting Tactics, Divisive Consequences Rape, torture and murder against innocent civilians- what could cause someone to do such a thing? The My Lai Massacre during the Vietnam War was a result of a war tactic that continues to be utilized today: racism and dehumanization of the enemy. This strategy, employed by the Armed Forces and facilitated by the media back on American soil has proven to be dangerous in that it causes both soldiers and civilians to treat an entire group as subhuman and unworthy of empathy. We can see this in the My Lai Massacre and through the persistent hare crimes against Muslims during the United States’ current “war on terror.” On March 16 1968, 140 men of the American Charlie Company entered the village of My Lai and were ordered to kill whoever they saw. There was the belief that the province of Quang Ngai where My Lai was located was a stronghold for Vietcong guerillas. After increasing frustration with losing their soldiers and not progressing in the war as much as they’d like, the group took their anger out on what was thought was a village of Vietcong enemies. It was the first chance they had to meet the enemy face to face instead of through grenades and booby traps and finally get even. Lieutenant William L. Calley ordered a search and destroy mission and urged that anyone in My Lai was to be considered connected to the Vietcong in some way, and should be killed. Though no guerillas were found when Charlie Company reached...
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