...The Industrial Revolution The term Industrial Revolution refers to the social and economic changes that led to the transition from an agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial one. This revolution relied on machinery instead of basic tools. This happened in Great Britain in the middle of the 18th century until the middle of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution spread to other parts of Europe as well as other parts of the world. The period of explorations from the 14th to the 16th centuries helped in laying the foundations for the Industrial Revolution. Because of the explorations and subsequently colonialism, gold and silver from the New World flooded Europe. Prices of commodities rose, industries bloomed and a money-based economy fully developed. The expansion of trade and the economy based on money led to the creation of financial and lending institutions. Thus, the necessary factors for the emergence of an Industrial Revolution had already been established in the 15thcentury. The term Industrial revolution does not imply that changes happened only in the industry. In fact, the rise in the number of factories, the economic changes and the new inventions in science all had a great impact in the lives of the people in Europe and even the whole world. THE RISE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN GREAT BRITAIN From the 18th to the 19th centuries, Great Britain was the leading force in industry. It had large deposits of coal and iron. Because...
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...Why Did The Industrial Revolution Happen First in Britain? The industrial Revolution began in Great Britain almost 250 years ago, in the 1760s. Within a half century it started to spread, first to northwestern Europe and the newly formed United States. The Industrial Revolution consisted of the application of new sources of power to the production process, achieved with transmission equipment necessary to apply this power to manufacturing which involved an increased scale of human organization that facilitated specialization and coordination at pre-industrial levels groupings rarely contemplated. The key invention in Europe’s industrial revolution was the steam engine, which harnessed the energy potential of coal. Later, the industrial revolution also used electric and internal combustion motors and petroleum as well as coal. This revolution, progressively introduced steam or other power to the production process and steadily increased the proportion of the process accomplished by equipment without direct human guidance. The organizational facet of the industrial revolution was initially symbolized by the factory, but the organizational principles spread beyond the factory itself. The two central features of industrialization were the revolution in technology and organization of production, which yielded one clear result of a great increase in the total of goods and individual worker’s output. The revolutionary quality of industrialization is particularly obvious in the world...
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...The rise of the industrial revolution One event that left a big impact in history and now at days was the industrial revolution of u.s.a from 1750-1850 the industrial revolution took place during this time many drastic changes occurred such as changes in agriculture manufacturing mining transportation and technology in the following I will tell you what happened before during and after the rise of the industrial revolution Before, the rise in the industrial revolution manufacturing was normally done locally in homes with hands no machines and no mass production. when all that changed was in the 17th century in England when they use the power of rivers and streams to bullied mills and factories for textiles soon a guy named Samuel stole the ideas and got on a ship and brought the ideas to the u.s.a. transportation was limited before the industrial revolution the only transportation people knew of was carriages with horses, or trains. Before the industrial revolution 2 types of mining excised drift mines and bell mines both were small scale coal mines. Technology was not advanced before the rise of the industrial revolution but all that was about to change During the industrial revolution, industrlazation took a big turn and improved a lot when Samuel arrived with the plans of the mills many factories were built on water power many soon people started moving from their farms to the cities to work in the textile, furniture, ETC.factories factories meant pollution and pollution...
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...events have happened in the world. The French and the Industrial revolution are two very most important events in history. The French revolution brought attention to social and economic problems they were facing, bringing awareness to the idea of liberty, equality and fraternity. Which lead them to question their king and his allegiance to his people. As for the Industrial revolution it became know as one of the most historical movements in history; shift on technology happened and manual labor became a thing of the past. These two revolutions caused change in their traditional values, and in government. Since the Middle Ages Europe was divided into three estates. The first estates consisted of clergy’s and priests; they represented over 5% of the population and did not pay taxes. The...
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...The first revolution sparked the beginning of farming. This era was from 10,000 B.C. to 3000 B.C. During this era people began to raise livestock and began to farm. They became tied to the land and became to rely on their crops and the growth of them.This caused for permanent settlements and stopped people from roaming and grazing. This settlement, led to the development of job specialization, complex political structures, non-portable possessions, architecture, and the rise of industry and commerce. The second agricultural revolution went along with the industrial revolution. This revolution happened from 1700 to 1900. The industrial revolution was a time of new machines and factories. It was the started of out of home production. The second...
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...Name: ____________________________________________________ Class: ___________ Newsies Viewing Guide Disney, 1992 121 minutes During the late 1800s and early 1900s, newspaper tycoons like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hurst greatly relied on “newsboys,” also called “newsies,” to help sell their newspapers. This was a form of child labor that was typical during the era of the Industrial Revolution. The movie Newsies (Disney, 1992) is about a group of newsboys struggling to make a living in 1899. When the price they have to pay for the newspaper is raised, they create their own labor union to fight against the newspaper tycoons. Watch Newsies and answer the following questions! Then watch “The Strike-The True Story” to learn about the true story that inspired the movie Newsies! (Each answer below is worth 4 points.) 1. As you view the movie, notice the “signs of the times,” or the signs of the Industrial Revolution era. Find and describe examples of the following: a. Growth of industry: _____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ b. Urbanization (growth of cities): ___________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ c. Immigration: ___________________________________________________________________ _____________________...
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...The French Revolution started in 1789 and ended in the late 1790’s. It represented a time in history where Napoleon Bonaparte ascended to power and all his escapades occurred. There were many ideas and ideals that influenced the French Revolution that affected the way European power changed and the changed the European nation. Of these ideals and ideal, there was a group of them that all related to each other. Liberty, equity, and fraternity (brotherhood) were statements that were said a lot and usually together during the French Revolution, yet they each had their own meaning and ideals in the overall Revolution. Liberty in the French Revolution was the idea of the citizens not being oppressed, especially from government (“The ideas,” n.d.). During the French Revolution, the King was signing orders that would put citizens in prison without a trial or due process. In order for the French people find liberty from the King and his tyranny and oppression, the French people drew up a new constitution in order to have more freedoms within the country, along with making Napoleon their ruler to remove the king from power. Equity was another ideal that was powerful during the French Revolution. Equity was about having all members of France being represented in all facets of government. During the revolution, the members of the Third Estate wanted to be equal of those in the Second Estate when it came to government representation. By pushing for the equality in government, the Third...
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...Industrial Revolution The Untied States and Great Britain were at the for front of the Industrial Revolution, this revolution was a period between 1780 and 1850 of rapid scientific and technological change in these countries. Soon after the rest of the world would follow. One of the big changes that happened during the Industrial Revolution was changes to manufacturing. New tools were able to transform the ways textiles, steel, food production, and chemicals were produced. This new innovation made it much faster for these products to be produced and in return led to greater productions. A single powered machine could produce more in one day that a single factory worker could in one week. This led to the ability to meet consumer demand on a much faster scale. These new machined also brought more uniformity to what was being produces, meaning the things such as screws, and fitting were able to be standardized and that led to a foundation if future technologies. These new machines were expensive investors had to pool their money together in order to buy them which contributed to the spread of corporation, and factory model of production (Soomo, The Industrial Revolution and Social Consequences). Because of this new large scale manufacturing, occupations that people once relied on for work and income were now taken over forcing people to work in factories. Factory workers even included women and young children. This led to the breakdown of the family unit. Before factories...
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...Industrial Revolution: Webquest Name:__Ankit Baboota____________ Directions: Complete the 5 sections below. Each section has a website that you need to go to. Be sure to answer every question! 1. Inventions. Go to: http://industrialrevolution.sea.ca/innovations.html o What 2 major agricultural inventions did Jethro Tull create? The seed drill and horse hoe. o What was the “spinning jenny”? A machine that spun many threads at once. o What did James Watt invent? The steam engine. o What was one advantage of the Steamboat that Robert Fulton created? It could take off under its own power. o What was one of the positive effects of Stephenson’s invention of the steam powered train? Increased communication and trade. o In your opinion what was the most significant invention during the Industrial Revolution, and why? I believe it was the steam engine because it is the source of all running machines. 2. Use of Child Labor. Go to: http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/Baker_00/2002_p7/ak_p7/childlabor.html o What was a typical work day like for children working in the factories? (How long of a day did they work, did they get breaks, etc) Worked hard for up to 19 hours with a one hour break. o Why was factory work dangerous for children? There were large, heavy, and dangerous machines. o Describe the treatment of children who worked in the factories. They were poorly treated. o How did the Factory Act in 1833 improve conditions...
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...A Review Of Childhood And Child Labour In The British Industrial Revolution Theresa Cherry Professor James Richardson World History 3 February 2015 A Review Of Childhood And Child Labour In The British Industrial Revolution This article explores the British Industrial Revolution and male child laborers. The author explains that the need for male children to work increased due to the largely expanding factories. There often were not enough men available, and to produce in mass, move goods in progress and finished products around, unskilled child labor was cost efficient. Then during the war years, the mines needed the children to work to produce coal to help both the war efforts and for heat at home. The article also delves deep into the mind of the child laborer to try and establish how the child perceived his role. Did the child see the work as only a means to survive or was it a type of escape into a new adventure, or possibly as a stepping stone to life’s career (Humphries, 263)? The author found that many of the children employed continued with the same work when they grew older. The autobiography excerpts included are both heart-wrenching and matter of fact. Reading the memoirs in the article, it seems that each boy had different ideas regarding the work. The one feeling that all convey is that they worked hard and were too young to take on such responsibilities. The author shows this when she cites a journal from a small boy who is made to leave...
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...aspects of industrialization during 1865 and 1920 that influenced U.S. society, economy, and politics One key to the rite of the industrial economy was the expansion of railroads. The First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States was built in the 1860’s. Linking the well-developed railway network of the eastern coast with rapidly growing California. Construction on the first transcontinental railroad began after President Abraham Lincoln approved the Pacific Railway Act of 1862, a landmark that authorized the federal government to financially back the construction of a transcontinental railroad. Lincoln felt the transcontinental railroad was a necessity, an idea whose time had come (HUL 2014). With the development of the transcontinental railroad spurred a major economic growth. The true economic impact of the railroad may never be known, but one thing is for certain: It was dramatic. The flow of goods over the line after the first full year of operation was around $50 million in 1869 dollars (Friedman 2010). Individuals felt the joining of America, economically, geographically and totally was complete. But with the development of the railroads came a rise in big businesses, it opened up the whole country for the development of new products, growing population and distribution and communication. Between 1865 and 1920, the nation’s population increased by nearly 200 percent, from 36 million to 100 million (Revolution by Railroad...
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...Chinese Revolution Revolution is a total change. It can be a change that is political, social, economic, cultural or technological. Revolutions change the way people live. There were many revolutions throughout history. The one that will be introduced to you in this essay is Chinese Revolution. Chinese Revolution happened in 1949. There were many events that caused the revolution. Chiang Kai-Shek was the leader of nationalist government and Mao Zedong was the leader of communist group. Nationalist government was trying to suppress the communists and eliminated them. Civil War started in 1927 between these two groups. Sun Yat Sen's impact on the Chinese Revolution Sun Yat Sen is a figure that is impossible not to refer to while studying the Chinese Revolution. His involvement in the early days of the revolution is hard to deny but how effective and important his contribution was is arguable. There are many different arguments to whether Sun was a failed revolutionary or well deserving of the title ‘Father of the revolution”. There is a variance of opinion of how much sun contributed to the 1911 revolution is a great one. By early 1900 Sun had already expressed his need for the overthrowing of the Qing dynasty. To begin this Sun sent followers into China to attempt uprisings to make the most of the turmoil during the boxer rebellion but these uprisings failed. In 1905 two student revolutionary groups in Japan allied themselves with Sun Yat Sen’s Revive China Society to...
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... Supervision 4 ''Qualitative aspects of living standards, such as the disamenities of urban living, have become the decisive factors in evaluating whether the English working classes benefited from Industrial Revolution''. Introduction One of the most controversial issues of British Economic History is the living standards during the industrial revolution. ''Pessimists'' against ''optimists'' oppose their ideas about whether the standards of live during the industrial revolution improved,deteriorated or remained stable. On the one hand,optimists like Jeffrey G.Williamson, held the view that although some workers suffered from harsh working conditions and were working more days,the increase in real wages could offset these disamenities and as a whole,the majority of people lived from 1760 to 1850 benefited from the industrial revolution in terms of standards of life. On the other hand,pessimists like Charles H. Feinstein argued that the living standards of life deteriorated for the working class in early industrialisation. The main difference in the perception of judging the living standards between optimists and pessimists is the distinction between the importance of qualitative and quantitative factors that influenced the lives of workers during industrialisation. On the ''quantitative side'',optimists base the arguments on real wages,life expectancy and on the move to the cities away from the ''idiocy of rural life''.[1] On the ''qualitative side'' pessimists...
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...Name: ____________________________________________________ Class: ___________ Newsies Viewing Guide Disney, 1992 121 minutes During the late 1800s and early 1900s, newspaper tycoons like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hurst greatly relied on “newsboys,” also called “newsies,” to help sell their newspapers. This was a form of child labor that was typical during the era of the Industrial Revolution. The movie Newsies (Disney, 1992) is about a group of newsboys struggling to make a living in 1899. When the price they have to pay for the newspaper is raised, they create their own labor union to fight against the newspaper tycoons. Watch Newsies and answer the following questions! Then watch “The Strike-The True Story” to learn about the true story that inspired the movie Newsies! (Each answer below is worth 4 points.) 1. As you view the movie, notice the “signs of the times,” or the signs of the Industrial Revolution era. Find and describe examples of the following: a. Growth of industry: _printing press, skyscrapers______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ b. Urbanization (growth of cities): _skyscrapers, big businesses, crowded tenements __________ _________________________________________________________________________________ c. Immigration: _kids in different parts of town most likely from different immigrant groups (one groups appears Italian) _...
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...Luke Rodia HIS 1012 Assignment 2: How far were the 1848 revolutions stimulated by socio-economic rather than political factors? The revolutions of 1848 were a series of simultaneous revolutions across a number of countries, mainly in Europe. A number of different reasons brought about these revolutions but each individual country had different reasons to why they had a revolution. As a result of this we cannot fully determine whether the 1848 revolutions were driven by socioeconomic or political reasons until we have looked at each major case individually, as this will allow us to make an accurate judgement on why the revolution occurred. To look at each country and their revolutionary events will allow us to see whether the 1848 revolutions were linked in any way, either politically or socioeconomically or if they were individual events which happened at the same time. On top of this we need to address the fact that not all European countries had revolutions, and some countries did begin to have revolutionary movements but they failed to take off as full revolutions. Once these points have been addressed then we can understand what stimulated the 1848 revolutions. The years leading up to the 1848 revolutions had set the tone for revolution. Across Europe there was wide spread hunger due to a failure in crops. Jones writes in his book “But events elsewhere had already taken on dangerous proportions. The potato crop in 1846 and 1847 had been destroyed by disease, causing food...
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