...As a result of the French and Indian War putting Great Britain into a considerable amount of debt, Britain began to pass many acts and started to tax the colonists. The colonists reacted by creating different assemblies, refusing to listen to Britain, and wanting full independence from Great Britain. The new laws, for example the Stamp Act, created colonists to want to separate even more. The acts passed by Britain caused great tension between the mother country and the colonies which eventually led to several changes to America. One of the acts Britain established was the Stamp Act in 1765 which created numerous reactions. The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper...
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...“What was the Cause and effect of the Boston Massacre?” History IB HL Year 1 Internal Assessment Word Count: 1625 Table of Contents Cover sheet……………………………………………………………………………………………...Pg1 Table of contents……………………………………………………………………………………..Pg2 Plan of investigation………………………………………………………………………………..Pg3 Summary of Evidence.……………………………………………………………………………..Pg3-5 Evaluation of Sources……………………………………………………………………………...Pg5-6 Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………..Pg6- 8 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………Pg8 Works Cited…………………………………………………………………………………………….Pg9 A. Plan of Investigation The purpose of this paper is to answer the question, “what was the cause and effect of the Boston Massacre?” The body of the summary of evidence will investigate the people of the Boston Massacre. The summary of evidence will also investigate some of the lead up to the massacre. Documents will be analyzed to find causes and the build up to the Boston Massacre. The looking at a primary source and secondary sources will be heavily used. This paper will include the effects of the Boston Massacre such as the propaganda used to over exaggerate the Boston Massacre. In the documents being scoped at in this paper there will be the effects of the Boston Massacre such as The Committee of Correspondence and the 1773 Tea Act. While focusing on these aspects we analyze them into further investigation. B. Summary of Evidence The colonists were angering King George III, so...
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...Reading Guide Questions **Remember: Create a google doc for the answer to these questions! Name it: YourName__Unit2ReadingGuide 1. Describe colonial population growth. What were the most populous colonies? Colonies’ populations were constantly growing due to lots of immigration and people having lots and lots of babies (which was the primary reason). Pop Rank: Virginia Massachusetts Pennsylvania NC Maryland 2. What were the main non-English groups that settled in the colonies? Africans (20%), Scots-Irish (7%), Pennsylvania-Dutch (6%) 3. What sorts of contributions did the Scots-Irish bring? (see “Makers” section too) They were westward pioneers, and helped make trails for people to follow. 4. What was the Paxton Boys uprising? A group...
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...Proclamation of 1763, American rage toward the British Empire began to aggravate, and one of its earlier manifestations, aside from liberal boycotts of British goods, was the development of committees of correspondence. Started by the outspoken Samuel Adams, leader of the Sons of Liberty, the Committees began in Boston in 1772 and spread to some eighty towns in the colonies. These committees developed into an inter-colonial committee, and allowed supporters of rebellion to plan their activities and communicate, and joined with the American press, the colonists could spread word about such slights as the ill-named and, to the colonists, horrifying, Boston Massacre which wasn’t a real massacre. For his part, Samuel...
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...appetite for civic involvement * Opposed to hierarchical and authoritarian institutions such as aristocracy and monarchy * “RADICAL WHIGS”: British political commentators * Feared threat to liberty posed by the arbitrary power of the monarch and his ministers relative to elected representatives in parliament * Mounted attacks on use of patronage and bribes by king’s ministers * Symptoms of wider moral failure in society - “corruption” * Dukes and princes = unknown in colonies * Property ownership and political participations were relatively widespread * Murices unmolested by remote officials in London * Distance weakens authority * Mercantilism and Colonial Grievances * British authority embraced theory - MERCANTILISM * Justified their control over colonies * Mercantilists believed that wealth = power and country’s economic wealth could be measured by amount of gold or silver, a country needed to export more than it imported * London gov. looked on murican colonists as tenants * Expected to furnish products needed in mother country (tobacco, sugar, ships’ masts) to refrain from making for export certain products (woolen cloth or beaver hats) to buy imported manufactured goods from Britain * Parliament passed laws to regulate mercantilism system * NAVIGATION LAW OF 1650 - aimed...
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...creation of Winesburg, Ohio, Sherwood Anderson stated in his Me卿i>s that, as “the novel form does not fit an American writer,” he had invented his own form of a “new looseness” in the Wines- The Americanness of the Short Story Composite burg book. In a note he pointed to a parallel between the composition of his narrative and that of a much larger structure. 44Do we not live in a great, loose land of many states,” he wrote, “and yet all of these states together do make something, a land, a country. I submit that the form of my Wines- burg tales …may offer a suggestion to other writers.” 1 Ever since colonial times Americans, as well as visitors to the new continent, have been concerned with establishing a ''dominant value profileM2 for America，and if a link between this national “ethos” and the short story composite could be convincingly suggested, it would follow that this form The aim of this chapter is to investigate whether Anderson's suggestion, in fact, is a valid one. whether there is a degree of correspondence between the form of narrative that Anderson employed, the short story composite, and what over the years has been constructed as an American identity. of narrative could be held forth as more “American” than other literary genres. And if, in tum, the short story composite could be projected as yet another expression of a more general American cultural pattern, constructed or not, we might expect a larger number of short story composites to be written in...
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...Eduardo Angeles History 202A – 02 Dr. Dennis Freed Slaves As a result of the transatlantic slave trade coming to an end and the efforts of the American Colonization Society; the country of Liberia was founded by former slaves who were seeking settlement in Africa. Before the 1830s, those white Americans willing to contemplate an end to bondage almost always coupled calls for abolition with the colonization of freed slaves— their deportation to Africa, the Caribbean, Or Central America. In 1816, the proponents of this idea founded the American Colonization Society, which promoted the gradual abolition of slavery and the settlement of black Americans in Africa. It soon established Liberia on the coast of west Africa, an outpost of American influence whose capital, Monrovia, was named for Pres. James Monroe. (Foner, GML, 444) In the years preceding the Civil War, thousands of black Americans went to Liberia. Many of them were slaves emancipated by their owners on the condition that they depart, while others left voluntarily motivated by desire to spread Christianity in Africa or to enjoy rights denied them in the United States. (Foner, GML, 444) The ACS’s reasons for working to bring a halt to the slave trade had to deal with a humanitarian, social, and religious basis. Once the slave trade had ended, there was somewhat of a stigma that led people to believe that freed blacks in America were potentially harmful and dangerous for others. It was believed that...
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...System of Education in the Philippines 1.1 Pre-Colonial Era 1.2 Under Spanish Colonization 1.3 Under American Colonization 2. Critical Theories on Education 2.1 Failure of Liberal Ideologies 2.2 Education and the Reproduction of Economic Relationships 2.2.1 Correspondence Theory 2.3 Education and the Reproduction of State Power 2.4 Education and Cultural Reproduction 2.5 Theories of Resistance 2.6 What Can People Do? 2.6.1 Rachel Sharp 2.6.2 Harris 2.6.3 Willis 2.7 The Uses of the University 3. Overview of the System of Education in TODAY society 3.1 2002 / Millenium Curriculum 3.2 RGEP (in the University of the Philippines) 4. Work Cited 1. History of the System of Education in the Philippines To have an understanding of the education in the Philippines with regard to the vast impact of globalization upon it, let us take a look first at the historical context of the system of education in the country. 1.1 System of Education during Pre-Colonial Era The system of education in the Philippines during the pre-colonial times was highly related to and influenced by the kind of economic situation. The type of society before Spanish colonization was Primitive Communal and shifting to Asiatic feudalism. Because the subsistent mode of production they had, the mode at which education is being proliferated and spread out was also plain and simple. Alibata, the native alphabet, was used as a medium of instruction. During the pre-colonial era, the educators were the Babaylan and the Katalonan...
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...on making colonial religion modern religion. You can use gender as a basis for how the colonial past led our future in one direction. The part I think would be most helpful to you is in red. Open with, “After Adam and Eve, there was Anne Hutchinson and john Winthrop.” Because as you know she was expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony By John for preaching something different. Gender: If you happen to be someone who participates in jewish/Christian services? How many men/women attend? Usually more women. Why? Protestant is the most dominant until 1860 As you move into the early 19 century, Baptist and Methodist Predominant is protestant Women in Colonial Society: -Adam’s rib - women is a “helpmeet” for man. The side, to be content with equality. -Equality function - Were on equal terms in the value and their degree of their participation on the development of the colonies. But only men could have leadership roles. Think of a farm. Women were managers of household economy, feeding the family, cultivating and producing the food. Own economic system of home production. Most women would live out their lives as junior partners in the household economy, but denied the control of the land. Yet colonial women were unlikely to feel useless or alienated from their family by the subsistence economy because they conducted the education and discipline of the children and extended family. If her husband died, she would be the sole person responsibly. The colonial man and woman...
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...Jazzmin Te American Military University LITR 220 Constance Bracewell February 9, 2013 American Literature before the civil war Introduction In reference to Burt (p.11), the romantic idealism about American writing gave way to a realistic perspective on what America had become under the pressure of war and expansion as well as the acceleration of technological, economic and social change. In reference to Selcer (p.26), American Literature Library has thousands of short stories and classic novels for everyone to enjoy. In reference to Selcer (p.65), organizations devoted to the study of American authors include a directory of member- societies, and membership and event information. The library of America offers American Literature, including poems, novels, essays drama and other American works from America’s best writers. According to Hewitt (p.4), during its initial history, the US was a British colony especially on the east-coast of the present US. In reference to Hewitt (p.6), therefore, its literary traditions borrow heavily from the British. Nevertheless, its distinct features and the depth of its production make it to be viewed as its own entity. In reference to Hewitt (p.60), who American was and what America had become was the dominant theme of literature as the first outlines of modern American life took shape. Earliest forms of American Literature In reference to Selcer (p.52), many American authors turned to letter writing as an idealized genre...
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...In the article “The Native Americans of New England” published in 1637, Thomas Morton portrays Native American life in great detail in the perspective of an English colonist. His accounts offer historians insight into the habitats of the Native Americans in the 1600’s. Though most of the article features falsely portrayed opinions, it does allow us to see the lifestyles of the Native Americans. Bartolome de las Casas writes about the treatment of Indians in his book History of the Indies published in 1528. He offers a different angle on how the Spanish dealt with Native Americans. He reflects on the years that the Spanish used Native American slaves allowing historians a glimpse of the conditions of the Indians. Having Thomas Morton’s work...
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...Chua / The Making of Jose Garcia Villa’s A Footnote to Youth 9 THE MAKING OF JOSE GARCIA VILLA’S FOOTNOTE TO YOUTH Jonathan Chua Ateneo de Manila University jchua@ateneo.edu This article recounts the story behind the publication of Villa’s stories and his book Footnote to Youth: Tales of the Philippines and Others (1933) in the United States. First, the conditions of the American literary marketplace are briefly described. Second, documents pertaining to the realization in print of Villa’s stories and his book are analyzed as sites of negotiations between colonial subject (Villa) and the colonial master (his American editors and publishers). Finally, an account of how Villa was made to circulate in the Philippines after the publication of his stories and his book in the United States is given. From these discussions the article hopes to show that Villa’s self-fashioning by publication was both subject to and critical of the colonial condition, alternately reinforcing it and challenging it. Abstract Philippine literature in English, book history, postcolonialism, exotic, author Keywords Jonathan Chua teaches at the Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of the Ateneo de Manila University. He is the editor of The Critical Villa: Essays in Literary Criticism by Jose Garcia Villa (2002). His edition of the collected short stories of Jose Garcia Villa is forthcoming from the Ateneo de Manila University Press. About the Author Kritika Kultura 21/22 (2013/2014):...
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... It should be understood that without understanding the causes, course, and consequences of the American Revolution, one cannot grasp the history of the United State. The American Revolution was the political commotion during the end of the eighteenth century. The thirteen North American colonies united to break free of the British Empire and become a new nation; The United State of America. A revolution can be defined as, the change in power or the constitution stirring in a relatively short period of time. Aristotle described revolution as complete change from one constitution to another (Sinclair 190). And this is precisely what happened two centuries ago in the United State. But the question needed to be answered is, was the American War of Independence really a war for independence or a revolution? The American War of Independence (1775–1783) was a climax in the political American Revolution rather than just a war for independence, ideologically influenced by the Enlightenment philosophers and writers of the Great Britain. Benjamin Rush remarked in 1787, "The American war is over, but this is far from being the case with the American Revolution. On the contrary, nothing but the first act of the great drama is closed." 2 This drama staged in the Pennsylvania State House in summer of 1776 remains the only most important chapter in the archives of American Revolution. Although, the political atmosphere in France during its uprising was to a certain extent...
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...captive, George Washington, Samuel Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and John Hancock; are American, therefore free from punishment of crimes that occurred on American soil. The charges against these revolutionists are without proper evidence and support. It is a travesty in the name of justice to misinterpret the intensions of these men without first acknowledging the possibility of their innocence in collaboration with the causes and events leading up to the initial incarceration. This was not a revolution of desperate lower class minorities with nothing to lose. The people behind the revolution were wealthy, educated, opinionated politicians; all of whom, in agreement of the fact that there was no other option rather than to risk everything for the freedom they rightfully deserved. George...
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...Why are tropical countries so poor? Countries with historically rich colonial backgrounds, including fair political institutions and profitable economic institutions, seem to have faired off better than colonies in tropical countries that lacked them. This can be rationalized since European countries set up institutions in different locations with varying intentions. (Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson 1370). By identifying the characteristics and the resulting influences of various colonial institutions, in addition to why different locations were more suitable for these separate institutions, it will become apparent as to why tropical countries turned out poorer than areas with temperate climates today. One type of colony set up by Europeans was an extractive state. “The main purpose of the extractive state was to transfer as much of the resources of the colony to the colonizer” (1370). These colonies were exploited by Europeans and didn’t offer institutions that protected their native citizens against the ruling government. Their existence was solely to produce profit for the elite, which was done through extracting the lands’ gold, silver, and cash crops (Easterly and Levine 8). The ruling government would generally extract these colonies valuables, then “set up a complex mercantilist system of monopolies and trade regulations to extract further resources from the colonies” (Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson 1375). Since there was an overwhelming economic motive behind the...
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