...on the topic “racism and sexism”. The Color Purple is an extraordinary novel that’s full of surprises. Taking place mostly in rural Georgia, the story focuses on female black life in the 1930s in the southern United States, addressing numerous issues including their exceedingly low position in American social culture. Alice Walker’s biography [pic] Alice Walker was born on February 9, 1994, in Eatonton, Georgia. Living in the racially divided South, Walker attended segregated schools. She graduated from her high school as the valedictorian of her class. With the help of a scholarship, she was able to go to Spelman College in Atlanta. Later, she switched to Sarah Lawrence College in New York City. While at Sarah Lawrence, Walker visited Africa as part of a study-abroad program. She graduated in 1965—the same year that she published her first short story. After college, Walker worked as a social worker, teacher and lecturer. She became active in the Civil Rights Movement, fighting for equality for all African Americans. Her experiences informed her first collection of poetry, Once, which was published in 1968. Better known now as a novelist, Walker showed her talents for storytelling in her debut work, Third Life of Grange Copeland Walker's career as a writer took flight with the publication of her third novel, The Color Purple, in 1982. Set in the early 1900s, the novel explores the female African-American experience through the life and struggles...
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...Human Resource Management Introduction What can be done to minimise and resolve conflict within the workplace? What factors create alienation amongst employees? When people hear the word conflict, automatically adjectives that come to mind are controversy, clash, to come into collision, quarrel. However, these findings are not always likely to be the only cause. It was always so easy for theorists to automatically assume that every aspect of conflict should be negative. As D. Jordan (1996) noted that there were two types of conflict which are defined as; Cognitive conflict C-Type conflict which is seen as the good aspect. And also detrimental and this is defined as affective conflictive (A-Type conflict. Meanwhile, it can also create a negative impact on many individuals which may result into poor productivity at work, employee dissatisfaction, poor service towards clients, increased work related stress and so on. Once conflict arises in the workplace, it can also result in employee demotivation. TASK 1 Arguments have stated that conflicts actually react to attempts in managing them as the team leader will practise various strategies to build a supportive culture. Amason (1995) believed the use of behavioural strategies to deal with conflict in the work place can create harmony in the work place. As the only woman working at her firm, it has made her work life difficult to cope with. There are numerous reasons for why Ann may feel uncomfortable at her work place...
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...STATEMENT C. SUB-PROBLEMS CHAPTER 2 A. WHAT IS FRATERNITY? B. CAUSES OF JOINING FRATERNITY/SORORITY C. EFFECTS OF JOINING FRATERNITY/SORORITY CHAPTER 3 A. DATA FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS B. CONCLUSION C. SUMMARY D. RECOMMENDATION E. BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A fraternity or sorority is a group of men or women formed by a brotherhood or sisterhood and common goals and aspirations who make a commitment to each other for life. The members that form a fraternity or sorority share their efforts, friendship and knowledge. Together these members learn, grow and make the fraternity or sorority, commonly called a Greek organization, stronger. Their common experience builds ties that last a lifetime. Fraternities and sororities have been a part college campuses since the late 18th-century. These organizations are referred to as "Greek" because their names consist of Greek letters that serve as a reminder of the group’s values. Learn the Greek Alphabet. Though there are many different fraternities and sororities, they all share common founding principles that may be of interest to any Ball State University student. Greek organizations enhance your educational experience by emphasizing intellectual, interpersonal and social development. The ideals of lifelong friendship, sound education, campus and community service and social...
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...Sexism in Organizations Joyce N. Vitalo Organizational Theory Dr. Lee Mahon December 17, 2011 Abstract In today’s workplace there is an emphasis on equality through trainings and programs that are intended to avoid sexism. The historical influence on the business world has shown for the last one hundred years a division of organizational leaders by gender. These divisions have been a part of organizational structure and slow to change. Historical Perspective of Sexism Women in the United States have been on a slow journey towards equality that has had many twists and turns over the last one hundred years. There have been many women who have helped to pull other women to the same level as men. The women of today are still pushing towards the same level of respect, responsibility and reward that men receive and have been receiving. Chapter one of History of Woman Suffrage Vol. I, opens with “As civilization advances there is a continual change in the standard of human rights. In barbarous ages the right of the strongest was the only one recognized; but as mankind progressed in the arts and sciences intellect began to triumph over brute force. Change is a law of life, and the development of society a natural growth…. In all periods of human development, thinking has been punished as a crime, which is reason sufficient to account for the general passive resignation of the masses to their conditions and environments.” (Cady Stanton, Anthony, Gage and...
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...Log My Personal Interest Project topic was chosen with my micro world in mind, due to my interest in art as well as being a Visual Art student. Through studying gender roles during my Visual Art course and exploring social exclusion in Society and Culture, it compelled me to want to learn more about the representation of women within the art world. As a socially aware individual with an interest in art, I felt the need to explore these inequalities to see if they still exist and how this may impact on other young artists. The research methods that I chose were interview, statistical analysis and content analysis, which would provide me qualitative results, as well as quantitative by being able to collect data and statistics. Originally, I planned on conducting a focus group discussion, however as my project progressed, I decided on content analysis as it allowed me to observe a variety of sources and immerse myself in the art world. By choosing an interview I was able to gain insightful knowledge from four females who were either art curators or historians and one male who is an art historian. This gave me qualitative results as I was able to receive in-depth answers from numerous people and allowed and exploration of my cross-cultural by interviewing both genders and gaining their perspectives on this. However, there were some limitations such as by completing my interviews through e-mail, I was not able to ask any follow up questions for answers to be further elaborated...
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...contact the Research and Resources team for further information about other EOC research reports, or visit our website: Research and Resources Equal Opportunities Commission Arndale House Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3EQ Email: research@eoc.org.uk Telephone: 0161 838 8340 Website: www.eoc.org.uk/research You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website, or call our Helpline to order a copy: Website: Email: Helpline: www.eoc.org.uk/research info@eoc.org.uk 0845 601 5901 (calls charged at local rates) Interpreting service available for callers to the Helpline Typetalk service available: 18001 0845 601 5901 CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES Page iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND BULLYING 5 2.1 Relationship between sexual harassment and workplace bullying 5 2.2 Power and 'organisational violation' 6...
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...a contribution to discussion and debate. Please contact the Research and Resources team for further information about other EOC research reports, or visit our website: Research and Resources Equal Opportunities Commission Arndale House Arndale Centre Manchester M4 3EQ Email: research@eoc.org.uk Telephone: 0161 838 8340 Website: www.eoc.org.uk/research You can download a copy of this report as a PDF from our website, or call our Helpline to order a copy: Website: Email: Helpline: www.eoc.org.uk/research info@eoc.org.uk 0845 601 5901 (calls charged at local rates) Interpreting service available for callers to the Helpline Typetalk service available: 18001 0845 601 5901 CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 2 INTRODUCTION Page iii iv v 1 SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND BULLYING 5 2.1 Relationship between sexual harassment and workplace bullying 5 2.2 Power and 'organisational violation' 6 2.3 Forms of sexual harassment 8 2.4 How big a problem is sexual harassment in...
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...Analyses of Stress Among Professional Managers: An Exploratory Qualitative Study Yoshi Iwasaki, Kelly J. MacKay, and Janice Ristock University of Manitoba The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of stress among both female and male managers, using a series of single-sex and mixed focus groups. In addition to substantial similarities between female and male participants’ descriptions about their experiences of stress (e.g., negative and positive aspects of stress, different levels of stress, lack of sleep, pressure, financial stressors, being a manager), a number of important gender differences emerged from their descriptions. These differences can be explained by the way in which gender continues to be socially constructed in society; specifically, there are differing gender role expectations and responsibilities for women and men. Female managers experienced “emotional stress,” primarily because of the pressure to meet expectations of being responsible and caring for people both inside and outside of their home. In contrast, male managers tended to focus on themselves and regard other things as beyond their control or responsibility. KEY WORDS: gender; stress; managers; profession Many people in contemporary society feel stressed in their lives. People experience stress in almost every domain of their lives: work, family, community, and even leisure, where “juggling” diverse demands and multitasks in these domains can be stressful (Aneshensel, 1986; Greenhaus...
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...Domestic Violence People who are close to one another need to trust each other. We should trust our parents not to hurt us, and to give us what we need to grow. Boys and girls should trust each other, as well as men and women. When someone is abused, the trust is broken. Domestic violence is the use of physical force within a home in any form of abuse. Abuse can be a whole range of physical behavior, slapping, hitting, beating, or using weapons to hurt someone. It includes verbal and emotional abuse, where someone is constantly insulted and made to feel sad and worthless. It can also include rape and sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is when someone forces another to have sexual intercourse or do other sexual things against their will. Another form of abuse is total control where one adult makes all the decisions for another person or for a whole family. Family violence may start with an argument or even a fight, but it goes way beyond fighting. Some abusers were beaten as children, and others saw their parents use violence. Some abusers are uncomfortable with feelings like sadness, embarrassment, hurt, or even love. When these people have these feelings, they get angry, and then they get violent. Some abusers get violent when they run out of words, and some are drunk. Some abusers are jealous, mentally ill, or feel overwhelmed by problems. Some are just mean. One thing all forms of family violence share is how they start. A desire to have control leads to the violence. Every year...
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...CHAPTER 12 Feminist Therapy Co-authored by Barbara Herlihy and Gerald Corey INTRODUCTION History and Development KEY CONCEPTS View of Human Nature Feminist Perspective on Personality Development Challenging Traditional Roles for Women Principles of Feminist Psychology THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS Therapeutic Goals Therapist’s Function and Role Client’s Experience in Therapy Relationship Between Therapist and Client APPLICATION: Therapeutic Techniques and Procedures The Role of Assessment and Diagnosis Techniques and Strategies The Role of Men in Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THERAPY APPLIED TO THE CASE OF STAN SUMMARY AND EVALUATION Summary Contributions of Feminist Therapy Limitations and Criticisms of Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THEORY FROM A MULTICULTURAL PERSPECTIVE Contributions to Multicultural Counseling Limitations for Multicultural Counseling WHERE TO GO FROM HERE RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS 340 SOME C O N TE M P O R ARY FEMINIST T H E R AP I STS Feminist therapy does not have a single founder. Rather, it has been a collective effort by many. We have selected a few individuals who have made significant contributions to feminist therapy for inclusion here, recognizing full well that many others equally influential could have appeared in this space, Feminist therapy is truly founded on a theory of inclusion. member of the board of trustees of the last two. In recent decades...
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...millennial female stardom but doing so with charm. Everdeen and Lawrence: golden girls both. Personified in Lawrence’s lithe movements and cool, focused gaze, Katniss is a brave, resourceful and independent-minded fighter; but she is also a troubled and vulnerably guilt-ridden human being. Nina Jacobson, the producer of the Hunger Games film franchise, puts it this way: “She is a singular heroine in that the burden of survival weighs on her. She has a ton of survivor’s guilt. And she keeps surviving.” Girl on fire It is strange that behaving like a well-adjusted and responsible young woman counts as movie-star news – or that the popularity of a female lead character who is strong and feminine, brave even when scared, compassionate even when imperfect, and respectful even when breaking with tradition counts as feminist heroism. But it does. There is a reason we delight equally in seeing Katniss dressed up (those pretty gowns!) and dressed down (that...
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...happen to have been written by authors who identified as black in their respective historical moments? Are there distinct formal and thematic paradigms that unify these texts into a coherent literary tradition? What relation do black texts bear to other black texts, as well as to the Western canon? Are African-American texts necessarily “political,” by definition protesting the social and political marginalization of black people in America? Do African-American texts represent the particular experiences of African Americans, or do they (also?) address universal problems and experiences? The cultural, literary-formal, and political distinctiveness of African-American writing will thus be the guiding theme of this course’s rigorous, fast-moving survey. Additionally, students in 311 will acquire knowledge of the following: * The ways African-American writers have negotiated the tensions, contradictions, or harmonies between African and American identities within the experiences of African-American subjects in various historical periods. * The strategies employed by African-American literary and sociopolitical texts to analyze and protest racist and economic oppression, as well as racial and sexual violence, in various historical...
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...them. The definition of an "Independent Woman" in the Urban Dictionary, a predominantly African American written and defined Web site, is "A woman who pays her own bills, buys her own things, and does not allow a man to affect her stability or self-confidence. She supports herself on her own entirely and is proud to be able to do so." Another depiction of independence is found in Tina Portis' video clip titled the "Deception of the Independent Woman" posted to YouTube in 2010. Portis, an entrepreneur and former single mother, offers her opinion on statistics showing 42% of U.S. black women have never been married and are "independent" because they focus on achievement, often waiting too long to compete for the small number of black men who are equal in status (Johnson, 2010). In the video, she asserts that independent women do not need a pat on the back for doing what grownups are supposed to do: pay their bills, buy houses and cars, etc. She adds that independence discourages relationships as people begin to believe they can do everything alone, so they do not need a mate. Mia Moody, PhD, is a professor of journalism at Baylor University. She is the author of Btack and Mainstream Press' Framing of Raciat Profiling: A Historical Perspective. She teaches courses in public relations, minorities and women in the media and reporting. Acknowledgements: I would like to thank students, Courtney Webb, Jessica Foumena, and Chelsea Quackenbush, for helping me research this...
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...ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Throughout the research process, the focus has been to investigate the different aspects of environmental influences on human development among students of UNISEL. During the research process, we have gained a deeper knowledge and understanding on how environmental aspects affect human development. We also discovered that child development not only focuses on one aspect, but also many aspects such as prenatal environment, physical environment, social / cultural environment and emotional environment. We would like to express our utmost gratitude to Mr.Nadraj, our lecturer, for his great guidance, advice and consideration in the process of completing this research on time. His immense contribution and insight have made this project a much more complete one. Also, I would like to extend my appreciation to all who have assisted me in many ways, resulting in this report. The deepest gratitude to all the respondents who were willing to participate in our survey; without their valuable contribution and response, this study would not have been able to be carried out. Thank You! TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Background................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 Purpose.............................................................................................
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...interests include anti-oppressive social work, gender and immigration, cultural influences on the self and identities, and cultural negotiation processes of newcomers. Ronald O. Pitner, Ph.D., is an assistant professor of social work at Washington University in Saint Louis, USA. He received his MA in psychology from the University of Tennessee, USA, a MSW and Ph.D. (social work and social psychology) from the University of Michigan, USA. His research interests are broadly defined in terms of social cognition, stereotyping, prejudice, race and ethnicity, multicultural social work. Correspondence to Izumi Sakamoto, Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor St West, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. E-mail: Izumi.Sakamoto@utoronto.ca Summary One of the limitations of anti-oppressive perspectives (AOPs) in social work is its lack of focus at a micro and individual level. AOPs should entail the social worker’s addressing the needs and assets of service users, challenging the oppressive social structure and, most importantly, critically challenging the power dynamics in the service-provider/ service-user relationship. Critical consciousness challenges social workers to be cognizant of power differentials and how these differentials may inadvertently make social-work practice an oppressive...
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