...factors that have assisted in the development of tourism within Singapore and the elements of Leiper’s (1990) Basic Whole Tourist System. I will also discuss the roles the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) undertake to develop Singapore as a destination. Singapore is a unique city that attracts various tourists from young to old, appealing to all generations and interests. The city is dynamic with various cultures, cuisine, art and architecture. “A Single day’s trails will take you from the past to the future, from a colourful ethnic enclave to an efficient business centre, from serene gardens to sleek skyscrapers.” (http://www.stb.com.sg). Singapore is truly a city like no other, a world of possibilities. Its warm and friendly people make tourists feel welcome along with its state of the art infrastructure. With Singapore being a stop over point on long haul flights to Asia or Australia from Europe or the Americas, the tourism within Singapore has been increasing as the flights have been increasing. Many airlines now offer special package deals on stop over holidays in Singapore. In 1964 Singapore’s Tourist Promotion Board was established with the mandate to promote Singapore as a tourist destination. That year they began working with a small staff strength of twenty five workers, that year they welcomed 91,000 visitors to Singapore. During the 1980’s the implementation of $1 billion Tourism Product Development Plan, which called for the...
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...of ailments as well as prescribe chemically infused drugs that cause harmful side effects. Traditional prescriptions also lack a singular healing focus, and target multiple issues-even when unneeded. Alternative medical options are growing more popular as individuals branch out in search of more natural healing options. Naturopathic and Homeopathic treatments are becoming more influential as individuals search for a way to avoid harmful side effects, courtesy of chemically infused drugs, as well as less expensive forms of medical care. The principle of Homeopathy has been known since the time of Hippocrates, the founder of medicine, around 450. Over a thousand years later Paracelsus, a Swiss alchemist, employed the same system based on the principle of ‘like cures like’. In the late 18th century Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, an accomplished and admired German physician evolved the concept of Homeopathy. Disgusted with the inhumane and at times barbaric medical practices of the time, he began to develop and practice safe, gentle, and effective methods of healing. Dr. Hahnemann believed that the human body possessed the ability to heal itself and that the symptoms of diseases reflected individual struggles to overcome illness. Naturopathy has been traced back to the Vedic Era of India, the therapy mentioned in Vedas and ancient text. During this ancient era the physicians treated disease-ridden patients using natural medicine and educating them on...
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...1. What is tourism? Why are there so many definitions of tourism? (lecture 1, slide 7. Lecture 2, slide 5) Involves temporary travel away from an individual’s home environment, exposing individuals to activities and places that are different and unusual. Purposes include leisure and recreation, visiting friends and relatives, business, sport, education, health, spirituality. Tourism - The sum of the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host government, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting, transporting, hosting and management of tourists and other visitors. 2. Discuss the evolution of tourism studies. What is the historical sequence of tourism platforms of research? (Lecture 2, slide 15-16) * Adaptancy platform - A follow-up on the cautionary platform that argues for alternative forms of tourism deemed to be better adapted to local communities than mass tourism. * Cautionary platform - A reaction to the advocacy platform that stresses the negative impacts of tourism and the consequent need for strict regulation. * Advocacy platform - The view that tourism is an inherent benefit to communities that should be developed under free market principles. * Knowledge-based platform - The most recent dominant perspective in tourism studies, arising from the sustainability discourse and emphasising ideological neutrality...
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...organization in the tourism and hospitality There are basically 6 main steps in Strategic Planning for business organization in the tourism and hospitality. Complete the Strategic Planning Complete the Strategic Planning 1. Define goals and objectives. As any other type of organization, to start on, a business organization for tourism and hospitality should get ready to clearly define their goals and objectives before starting to do any specific things, this include basic things such as identify specific issues or choices that the organization have or will have, creating a planning committee (board of leaders), clarify the roles, establish the organization structure, develop an organization profile, and collecting information to have a better idea about the tourism system in the community. As being the first step, the most important thing is to understand as much about tourism, especially the tourism system in the community as possible and be able to define a specific realistic goal to follow. 2. Identify the tourism system. After the first step, the organization must have lots of information about the tourism system in general and the tourism system in the community in particular. Based on these understanding, firms should be able to answer the question: which community resources and organizations serve tourists or could serve tourists?” From this, the organization should be able to identify the tourism system bases on 3 main subsystems a) Tourism Resources are...
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...SYSTEMS THINKING APPROACH AS A UNIQUE TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY IN THE CAT BA BIOSPHERE RESERVE OF VIETNAM Thanh Van Mai Bosch O.J.H School of Integrative Systems, The University of Queensland, QLD 4343, Australia Corresponding author (thanh.mai@uqconnect.edu.au) ABSTRACT Tourism is not simply an industry, but is an open, dynamic and complex system. The system consists of many interacting components and involves many different stakeholders. The development of tourism in a sustainable way impinges on and is subject to many factors. The limitation of traditional approaches to tourism research has become evidently in many cases. These approaches have usually looked at a particular issue or issues of the whole tourism picture. As a result, it has become difficult to manage tourism toward sustainability. This paper provides an overview of the systems thinking approach and its application in the study of the tourism system in the Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve of Vietnam. This study shows that systems thinking has proved to be an effective and powerful tool to explain the complexities of the tourism system. It has helped to simplify, clarify and integrate isolated problems associated with the industry, and provided a mechanism for group learning and decision making to achieve desirable outcomes. The paper proposes systems thinking be used as an appropriate tool for sustainable tourism development. Key words: complexity, dynamics, sustainability, systems thinking...
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...SOY00411 Tourism Theories and Practices Unit Information Guide Session 3 2013 CRICOS Provider: NSW 01241G, QLD 03135E © 2013 Southern Cross University Southern Cross University Military Road East Lismore NSW 2480 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright material indicated in this work has been copied under Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968. Contents Welcome ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Teaching staff ................................................................................................................. 5 Where to get help....................................................................................................................... 6 School enquiries ............................................................................................................. 6 Student liaison team ....................................................................................................... 6 Technology Services....................................................................................................... 6 Academic Skills Development ....................................................................................... 6 Student Services ...........
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...Sustainable tourism is a way for Canadian government to meet efficiently its economic and social needs of people. Introduction. "Sustainability - meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" BRUNTLAND REPORT (1987) Tourism is a major component of economic growth all over the world. Especially in coastal areas where it is also a for sustainable development. Tourism is expected to exert an increasing influence on coastal landscape, ecosystem and cultural heritage management. Coastal tourism, as well as tourism in general, is to a large extent dependant on an environment that is attractive to visitors. Consequently, protection of natural and cultural heritage is a precondition for sustainable coastal tourism. Protecting areas and sites constitutes an efficient and necessary way of safeguarding natural and cultural heritage. Therefore, such areas contribute strongly to sustainable coastal tourism, even though a sound balance between protection and development has to be strived for in each individual case. This is why the nations of the world have committed themselves to the sustainable development of their natural and cultural heritage by signing international agreements. Some of them specifically address coastal zones but the majority is more general and wide ranging. Natural heritage includes biodiversity, natural scenery, value for outdoor recreation, etc. and is best managed in line with the requirements...
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...TOUR1000, 2015 TOURISM PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES EXAM REVISION 2015 Exam Structure Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (15 marks) – answer all questions (worth 1 mark each). Section B: Short Answer Questions (25 marks) - select and answer five questions (worth 5 marks each). 2015 Revision Questions Students should use the following questions to guide their study of the course material. Staff will not discuss these questions with students. The questions are based on lectures, weekly readings and tutorial questions. 1. What is tourism? Why are there so many definitions of tourism? 2. Discuss the evolution of tourism studies. What is the historical sequence of tourism platforms of research? 3. Explain the relevance of a systems approach to tourism studies. 4. Identify and describe the five core elements of the basic whole tourism system. 5. What is the definition of a tourist? What are the criteria used to define a tourist? 6. What are the main travel purposes in contemporary tourism? 7. What can we learn from tourism past and present that may help us project into the future of tourism? 8. What was the Grand Tour? Does the Grand Tour have any modern day equivalents? Give examples. 9. Why is Thomas Cook referred to as the father of modern mass tourism? 10. Identify and describe each of the ‘push’ factors that are associated with increased tourism demand. 11. Identify and describe each of the ‘pull’ factors that attract...
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...distinguish itself from competitors and stand out in the market. Tourism is an industry that offers all the goods that tourist need, such as sight-seeing, hotel, travel agency,shopping area. From that , we can simply know that there is a large part of interaction between tourism and other industry. This will need enough supply chain management flexibility to support the whole process.Supply Chain Management is important because of relationship between each party. If every party join hand and work together, it will create cost savings and time to market reduction and everyone will enjoy the benefit. In order to achieve effective operation of travel agencies supply chain,necessary to maintain the relationship between internal departments. Around the needs of the tourism market, to be coordinated between the various departments.Travel agencies should be based on tourism market - oriented, in the design of tourism products or services, product supply,synchronize the various departments of sales and so on, continuously. And based on changes in supply and demand of tourism,departments must pass information in a timely manner, coordinated and rapid response, enhance the competitive advantage of travel agencies. The changes of tourism supply chain is dynamic, may change as the tourists needs change. Today, the pursuit of personalized travel needs of tourists, fit the number gradually increased, the rise of leisure tourism demand. These phenomenas occur, it is bound to ask travel agents...
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...Describe career opportunities within different industries in the travel and tourism sector In this document I am going to be looking at the different career options or choices within the different industries of the travel and tourism sector. Different industries within the travel and tourism sector include; retail travel, tour operations, transport, accommodation, and attractions. Working in the above mentioned sectors requires different qualifications and obviously different skills. I am going to look at three of the above mentioned sectors and say how they present different career opportunities. I am going to look at tour operations, transport and accommodation. Tour operations Tour operators are the people that put together holidays and form a wide variety of options for their customers to choose from, such as full package holidays or individual breakdowns of places to stay, cheapest and more expensive options (catering for different budget types) as well as different places to visit that are of interest in a national and international scale. Tour operators basically construct your holiday, to the way they think best suits you and gets you what you want in the end. An example of a tour operators is Thomas Cook, which is a huge tour operator that is one of the largest in the world, however, there are smaller tour operators that are present such as Cosmo. These smaller tour operators are under threat from larger operators as if Cosmo for example is seeing more demand than...
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...ONLINE TOURISM AND TRAVEL- ANALYSING TRENDS FROM MARKETING PERSPECTIVE Dr. Manoj Dixit Reader Department of Public Administration University of Lucknow Email: manojdixit23@gmail.com Dr. Rakesh Belwal Assistant Professor Department of Management Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) Email: rakesh_belwal@yahoo.com Dr. Gurmeet Singh Senior Lecturer Department of Management & Public Administration University of South Pacific Fiji islands Email: drgurmeetsingh@yahoo.com 1 ONLINE TOURISM AND TRAVEL- ANALYSING TRENDS FROM MARKETING PERSPECTIVE ABSTRACT Tourism is the world's largest civilian industry whose growth, economic significance and potential are phenomenal across the globe. Online tourism is rapidly becoming a growing topic of research and its importance as future mode of acquiring information and purchase of tourism products and services is growing day by day. The present paper has been written with the extensive research on contemporaneous data, websites and conference proceedings on tourism related aspects. Web survey, focused interviews have been used to elicit specific information for such qualitative analysis.The domain of Internet is increasing day by day. Tourism products, in particular, have yet to realize its complete advantage. Still, Internet has significantly benefited the bottom line of tourism organizations in terms of cost of converting as well as losing customers with pluses and minuses respectively. Keeping this in view, online tourism...
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...Travel and Tourism Management Sustainable Tourism Development Title: Sustainable Tourism Development Table of contents: Task 1 – Principles of Sustainable Tourism Task 2 – Tourism Impacts Case Studies Task 1 a. Introduction Tourism is one of the world’s fastest growing industries and an important source of foreign exchange and employment for many developing countries. b. Sustainable tourism is tourism that leads to the management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a subset of sustainable tourism which focuses on ecology. Ecotourism tends to be encountered in destinations where flora, fauna, and cultural heritage are the primary attraction. Pro-poor tourism (PPT) is used as a short hand for the opportunities which enable the economically poor to engage in, and benefit from, tourism. PPT is tourism which provides net benefits for the economically poor; the term 'net benefits' is used because there are often losses of livelihood opportunities associated with tourism, such as loss of seashore and fishing access, agricultural land or access to natural resources in national parks. Available from: http://www.iztzg.hr/en/odrzivi_razvoj/sustainable_tourism/ : http://propoortourism...
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...and caused some of the phenomenon known as the “ticket industry economy”. In this paper, commonly used by tourist attractions in China's tickets business economic model, the introduction of a free economy, the analysis of the ticket is the way the current situation and rising ticket prices and abroad on the basis of comparison, focuses on a free economy in the tourism industry in tremendous economic benefits and the pattern in the tourism industry, which has the inestimable potential. Keywords: scenic area management; free economy; tickets economy; prices The tourist attraction is the core space and carrier of tourism activities, is also the most important part of the tourism system; thus, ticket purchasing takes a significant proportion of 30% in customer`s tourism consumption, meanwhile, it is the most critical factor affecting tourist travel. As the competition among tourist attractions intensifies, their managers are also aware of the shortcomings of the “tickets economy”, and they realized that they have to find a new running way out of the cycle. As a result, in recent years, there have been lots of typical tourism by selling tickets, providing free coupons to attract tourists; these are essentially “free economic model”. 1. Free economic model 1.1 The Origin and development of free...
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...In order to understand the impact of internet on tourism in full depth a little bit of history about the pre-internet industry systems, the implementation of the changes bought about by internet and the present impact of the development of internet since, need to be understood thoroughly. the traditional distribution system needs to be discussed.The traditional pattern of distribution was dependent on the GDS and the CRS, by 1960 the initialization of the Data Processing System was completed known as SABRE then followed the Amadeus and Galileo till 1980, the first set of reservation system introduced with one prime objective, of making the airline reach to a level of excellence. By 1990 internet was introduced making a huge impact on the distribution channel of tourism industry, where all the airlines went global with one prime source the internet. “Distribution channels often both influence consumer behaviour, and determine the ability of the industry to respond to consumers’ requests efficiently” (Buhalis Laws 2001, p.7).There have been few quotes for distribution been mentioned by authors like , “link between the producers of tourism services and their customers” (Gartner & Bachri, 1994, p. 164), there is also a quote been published by WTO (World Tourism Organization) “a distribution channel can be described as a given combination of intermediaries who co-operate in the sale of a product. It follows that a distribution system can be and in most instances is composed of more...
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...Theories a. Holt’s Theory of Cultural Branding b. Hall’s Tourism and Market System 4. Case Study Introduction 5. Brand Strategies 6. Critical Analysis of Brand Strategies 7. Recommendations 8. Conclusion Executive Summary This report was commissioned to examine the Manly Council case study and the strategies they use for their business and how they can relate to actual marketing theories and models. This research draws attention to the two strategies that Manly Council uses one of which is the beach and how they utilize this in enhancing the experience of tourists. Manly Council does this by placing eateries, shopping centers, services such as bike tours and aquariums and hosting annual events such as the International Jazz Festival. The Holt’s Theory of Cultural Branding where it states that brands are and can influence the societies culture fits into this strategy as Manly Council has created the ‘Surf City’ brand to align the values of its residents to create a beach culture for them to showcase to visitors. However in the strive for personal sovereignty is almost impossible through brands because cultural branding will force too many cultural icons for one to handle and time is short for one to reach sovereignty. Further research indicates that social media is also a tool used by Manly Council to increase brand awareness. The Hall’s Tourism and Market system, which signifies that a tourists experience is the main point of business...
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