...Introduction With the rapid development on the transportation, the earth now has become a small village. People from different countries can travel around the world all the time. However, different countries have different culture. Thus, the cross culture always happens. In the essay, the basic information about the cross culture can be found. This easy will include a cross-culture experience to the readers. Of course, some theories about the cross culture and the analysis about it are explained in this essay as well. The Basic Information Of Cross Culture The cross culture communication means the communication between people from different cultures. Normally, they speak different languages. The characteristics about the cross culture communication are various. The communication roles must come from different culture backgrounds. And they should use one language to communicate. They have to do the direct and practical language communication. (David, 2009) The Experience of The Culture Cross Last year, I travelled to Britain and stayed in the local house. The guider told us in advanced that if the host gives the travelers some gifts, the travelers should never refuse or give money to buy it. The travelers should accept immediately and say thanks. This is the custom to show friendship to the travelers. Thus, if the travelers refuse the gifts or give money, the host may consider that the travelers do not like the gifts. When having the dinner, the travelers should pick up...
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...paper is has been prepared as a requirement for completing my course on Eng-105 (Advance Composition). Several people have played a large role behind the development of this paper, whether by active participation or through their advice and suggestions, so I will start this paper by acknowledging the people who have provided me with their aid, which was necessary for completing this research paper. First of all I would like to thank my course instructor Mrs. Shireen Haque. She selflessly devoted her time in preparing me for conducting my research and in developing my writing skills. Her invaluable support towards my topic motivated me to conduct my research confidently. Whenever I faced any problems, she often took time off her free period to help me, and I am really grateful to her because of this. I would also like to thank my friends, especially Afsana Shompa, Risalat Rahman, Taskin Ahmed, Shahriar Amin and Richard Chakma, for helping me out in conducting the survey and also for their honest opinions regarding my topic and the questionnaire, and there is no way that I can fully repay the sincerity that they have shown in pointing out my mistakes and helping me to correct those. I would also like to thank all the people who participated in my survey and filled out the questionnaire with their honest opinions. Abstract The following paper discusses on the cultural differences between married couple from different culture and what problems they faces to make their marriage...
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...One of the biggest highlights of November across the nation is the start of sports like basketball, gymnastics and a wind down of sports like volleyball, football and cross country. In Oakland county Michigan, one of the the highpoints of the fall is the state finals for cross country. For high schools across Oakland county Michigan, the cross county state finals took place in the beginning of November and led to one high school winning their first ever state title. Lakeland High School and Milford High School showed up to the cross country state finals to take the title. The article “Lakeland, Milford grab D1 state titles” was written by Marvin Goodwin and printed in the Oakland Press. The article was printed on November 6, just after the state finals took place on November 5. The title was given to the article because the Lakeland boys cross country team and Milford girls cross country team are joined together as Huron Valley schools and both received state titles on the same day. I spoke with Lakeland high school’s boys’ cross country coach Joe Verellen in a phone call interview as the main subject in the article. We talked about his career at Lakeland, his views about the article and his views on...
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...Academic Paper In partial fulfilment as one of the Requirements for BA 196 Submitted by: Marie Elisabeth G. Labatos 2011-38997 Submitted to: Atty. Christopher Honorario SGV: A closer look Originally established as W. Sycip & Co. in 1946, SGV is very much known as the largest multidisciplinary professional services in the country. With the highlight of joining as a member practice of Ernst & Young Global Global Limited on the 6th of June 2002, it further became the country’s leader when it comes to assurance, advisory and tax services. Furthermore, with eight offices across the country, with the main office located in Makati, and over 4000 highly competitive professionals currently employed in the firm, SGV truly upholds the highest standards of quality. SGV is divided into eight different market groups, called as MGs. Each MG focuses on a specific area on which to concentrate their services. MG-1 for example is more on Real estate, MG-2 is on Telecommunications, MG-3 on Manufacturing, MG-4 on Power & Utilities, MG-5 on Banking, MG-6 on Media and Entertainment, MG-7 on Mining and Logistics, and lastly, MG-8 on Construction. MG1 Real Estate MG4 Utilities MG3 Manufacturing MG2 Telecommunications MG6 Media & Entertainment MG5 Banking MG7 Mining and Logistics MG8 Construction MG1 Real Estate MG4 Utilities MG3 Manufacturing MG2 Telecommunications MG6 Media & Entertainment MG5 Banking MG7 Mining and Logistics MG8 Construction ...
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...Communicating across Cultural Barriers Nancy J. Adler If we seek to understand a people, we have to try to put ourselves, as far as we can, in that particular historical and cultural background. ... It is not easy for a person of one country to enter into the background of another country. So there is great irritation, because one fact that seems obvious to us is not immediately accepted by the other party or does not seem obvious to him at all. ... But that extreme irritation will go when we think ... that he is just differently conditioned and simply can't get out of that condition. One has to recognize that whatever the future may hold, countries and people differ ... in their approach to life and their ways of living and thinking. In order to understand them, we have to understand their way of life and approach. If we wish to convince them, we have to use their language as far as we can, not language in the narrow sense of the word, but the language of the mind. That is one necessity. Something that goes even much further than that is not the appeal to logic and reason, but some kind of emotional awareness of other people. ... Jawaharlal Nehru, Visit to America All international business activity involves communication. Within the international and global business environment, activities such as exchanging information and ideas, decision making, negotiating, motivating, and leading are all based on the ability of managers from one culture to communicate...
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...Description of the national culture The national culture of Australia depicts a blend of Asian and various other cultures due to migration of people from these countries in Australia different from Australian which has its own culture with varied interest in arts, sports, and attitude towards people. It is the epitome of egalitarian culture where all are treated equally without any bias on the basis of religion, race or color. While there are always some exceptions and few handful people stay away from the normal cultural behavior, Australians are sport loving people, mostly crazy about cricket and they follow Christianity as a religion. They are mostly informal in nature and law abiding. Why we chose it? The only reason of selecting the Australian...
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...for your invitation to visit the Philippines. My visit is above all pastoral. It comes as the Church in this country is preparing to celebrate the fifth centenary of the first proclamation of the Gospel of Jesus Christ on these shores. The Christian message has had an immense influence on Filipino culture. It is my hope that this important anniversary will point to its continuing fruitfulness and it’s potential to inspire a society worthy of the goodness, dignity and aspirations of the Filipino people. In a particular way, this visit is meant to express my closeness to our brothers and sisters who endured the suffering, loss and devastation caused by Typhoon Yolanda. Together with many people throughout the world, I have admired the heroic strength, faith and resilience demonstrated by so many Filipinos in the face of this natural disaster, and so many others. Those virtues, rooted not least in the hope and solidarity instilled by Christian faith, gave rise to an outpouring of goodness and generosity, especially on the part of so many of the young. In that moment of national crisis, countless people came to the aid of their neighbors in need. At great sacrifice, they gave of their time and resources, creating networks of mutual help and working for the common good. This example of solidarity in the work of rebuilding teaches us an important lesson. Like a family, every society draws on its deepest resources in...
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...Organizational Behavior Collection Stan Gully • Jean Phillips Editors Cross-Cultural Management Veronica Velo www.businessexpertpress.com Contents Preface ..................................................................................................ix Acknowledgments...................................................................................xi Part I Chapter 1 Part II Chapter 2 Overview of Cross-Cultural Management .................. 1 Introduction to Cross-Cultural Management .................3 Frameworks for Cultural Analysis ............................ 23 Frameworks for Cultural Analysis: The Cultural Dimensions of Geert Hofstede .....................................25 Frameworks for Cultural Analysis According to Fons Trompenaars ........................................................43 Other Frameworks for Cultural Analysis ......................63 Cross-Cultural Management in Action ..................... 77 National Culture Versus Corporate Culture .................79 Cross-Cultural Communication ...................................93 Ming Li and Veronica Velo Cross-Cultural Negotiations .......................................111 Cross-Cultural Conflict and Conflict Resolution .......127 Diversity Management: Other Forms of Diversity and Subcultures...........................................143 Sophie Hennekam Intercultural Perceptions on Ethics .............................159 Cross-Cultural Teamwork ..........................................173 Veronica...
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...Week 8 Assignment 2 Clifton Bland Professor Hughes BUS 325 March 1, 2015 Introduction Human resource management refers to the exercise or function through which an organization will be able to maximize the productivity of its employees through set strategic objectives. Human resource management determines the motivation that employees of an organization have to work at the employing organization. This is because human resource management deals with all aspects that pertain to the workplace environment including salaries and wages. Therefore, it is important for an organization to perform quality human resource management right from the recruitment of an individual to the retirement of the individual. In the case that an organization mistreats its employees, the employees will not perform to their maximum potential thereby reducing the productivity of the organization and by extension, the organizations profit margins (Hurn, 2007). Human Resource Management as a Strategy Organizations use human resource management as a strategy to improve its productivity in terms of volumetric production as well as quality production. This is simply through the motivation of the employees to help improve the corporation’s productivity. In simple terms, happy employees contribute to the success of the company because of their motivation to work. Performance, productivity, quality, and specialization qualities will improve once they are happy. In addition, human resource management is...
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...plastic bags and plastic junk Another is that Wal-mart couldn't hack the pro-labor union culture of Germany. Another is that Germany is anti-American when it comes to name-brand retailers (even though Dunkin' Donuts and Starbucks are popular there).” B: Wal-mart failed because of their lack of knowledge, of foreign countries. In order for Wal-mart to have a successful business over seas, is to do research about the particular country that they want their cultural business to be located. “There are many reasons why Wal- Mart’s business model failed in Germany, such as Cultural attitudes, Customer Service, and Cultural arrogance all contributed to what one economist referred to as a failure. But under these basic economic decisions were a host of basic cross- cultural mistakes that fuelled the company’s poor strategic planning.” They had the right idea on how to approach Germany, but they didn‘t do their research on the country it‘s self. “Wal-Mart failed to take into account Germany’s cultural attitudes, especially with regard to such matters as labor law and the role of unions.” Wal-mart’s guide lines are focusing on just the company and not about the different countries values. “Wal-Mart also runs afoul of requirements that workers‟ representatives be consulted before introducing changes in working conditions.” If Wal-mart would have did more research on Germany, because Germany expects a discount store to stick with their corporate values. Wal-mart’s company would have been successful...
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...Introduction Cross Curricular teaching involves a conscious effort to encourage students to apply skills or knowledge acquired through learning at school to more than one subject on their curriculum. A central topic or theme can interlink subjects with each other, and students as a result should be able to learn an aspect of a central topic and apply information learned in one subject to others(Householder & Boulin 1992). As mentioned in Component 1 there are huge advantages to Cross Curricular teaching and learning. However, many students do not or cannot apply the knowledge that they have acquired in one subject to others (www.fromtinyacorns.wordpress.com/2009/10/28/about-transdisciplinary-thematic-learning) Learning beyond subject boundaries provides a student with the opportunity to experience not only learning that is relevant to one subject’s requirements, but also learning information that they will apply to other subjects. This type of learning some students may find to be challenging as they will be studying one topic from many different perspectives. However, with a deeper understanding of a topic, others will find it more interesting and may be encouraged to study the topic even further. Rensick (1989) confirms this stating that in contrast to learning topics in isolation students become more actively engaged in their studies when they participate in cross curricular learning. Cross curricular learning that is based on linking learning experiences and...
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...connection and doing that they explain two objectives: understand how much these firms are exposed to exchange rate fluctuation and investigate why some firms are exposed and some not. Then there is an explanation about tools used to do the research and statistic technique used to test different ideas about correlation among main features characterizing these frims. A very important inference is about the firms involved and not; talking about Ford Motor Company the Authors explain how not only international operating firms are influenced by exchange rate but also local ones, infact exchange rate does influence sales competition in the country where local firms operate. As a resume it explain the third hypothesis about firms exposed due to the level of trade that they do; but, instead of the two previous hypothesis, using proxies because of data lacking. All of this using two diffused indexes: a mark-up index and the Herfindhal Hirschman Index, that is very suitable because of his power to evaluate firms not only relating to market share but squaring it to avoid both arithmetical calculation problem and becoming results more representative of real situation. Thus make in evidence that despite of too industrialsized index, a cross-country regression describes that country, where industries is concentrated, are more exposed, regarding to (cross-country) datas. At the end the Authors provide an interesting assumption about the continous changing of firms exposed to...
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...Introduction This paper is devoted to the problem of international selection of personnel. Efficient allocation of the resources is one of the most important criteria in the success of a company, especially when we are speaking about human resources. Hiring and then deploying people to positions where they can perform in the most effective way is the primary goal of most organisations, whether domestic or international. Selection is the process of matching individual characteristics such as ability and experience with the requirement of the job. The main two differences between domestic and international selection are that managers should take into staffing orientation of particular company, in other words who should take the key positions in headquarters and subsidiaries also they should take into account laws and regulations of host country. Further in this paper it will be discussed different types of employees, factors that influence stuffing and criteria for candidate selection and validation. In the practical part all the issues mentioned above will be addressed on the example of two companies that are going through changes one of which is the recruitment of the personnel. Theoretical part Staffing orientation As it was said in introduction one of the main obstacles that managers are facing during the selection process of future expatriates is that many companies have predispositions with regard to who should take top positions in headquarter and subsidiaries or...
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...Business School Seattle, WA 98105-3200, United States of America by: Annette Bossard from Luzern, Switzerland Student ID number: 98-102-544 4714 17th Ave NE # 11 Seattle, WA 98105 United States of America Seattle, April 27, 2003 Expatriate Experiences I Preface “You cannot do anything without patience if you’re going abroad.”1 I wish to express my thanks to all the people who supported me and made it possible for me to have this great opportunity of spending half a year in the USA and writing a thesis on a topic which has always interested me and which I found more and more fascinating, the longer I was working on it. First of all, I have to thank Prof. Norbert Thom from the University of Bern whithout whose consent and support I would not have been able to do this in the first place. I am very grateful to Prof. Richard B. Peterson from the University of Washington who has been a great support for me during these past six months and has helped me in so many ways. I would also like to thank my parents and my boyfriend Christof in Switzerland who supported the idea of me going abroad from the very first moment. And last but not least, my thanks go the expatriates at the various companies here in the Pacific Northwest...
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...and Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Commerce, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia, harzing@unimelb.edu.au Acknowledgements This study was supported by funds from the 'Jubiläumsfondsprojekt Nr. 11618 of the Oesterreichischen Nationalbank'. We thank Professor Gerhard Fink and Dr. Markus Pudelko for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper. Abstract Using data collected from 25 interviews with Austrian employees in the European Commission, we explore the conditions under which cultural differences do and do not influence interactions. Previous experience with culturally-determined behaviour and experience working in a foreign language is found to foster norms that reduce conflict based on cross-cultural differences. Time pressure, on the other hand, makes cultural differences, specifically the way that criticism is delivered and the extent of relational-versus-task orientation, more explicit. Our...
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