...The Attack on Pearl Harbor- “A Date Which Will Live In Infamy” Sunday morning of December 7, 1941, the Imperial Navy of the Japanese attacked the American naval forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The attacks, which came with no warning, left the entire nation in a state of shock. Especially since a Japanese delegation was involved in talks with the United States in Washington at the same time. It caught the United States naval forces off-guard and unaware, and this gave the Japanese forces a tactical edge over their U.S. counterparts. Even worse, this attack on Pearl Harbor resulted in the United States declaring a war on Japan, and indirectly joining the World War II. This day is still considered by many as one of the most ill-fated dates in the history of America. The President of the United States at the time, Franklin D. Roosevelt, described it as - "a date which will live in infamy", a comment which holds true today. The attack was done in two waves from six Japanese aircraft carriers. In the first wave, 183 Japanese aircraft attacked the naval base, Pearl Harbor, and was soon followed by a second wave of attacks with 171 aircraft. More than 2,000 US Navy personnel were killed, while over 1,000 were left wounded. On the Japanese side, only 65 soldiers lost their lives while one sailor was captured. The US Navy suffered a huge loss of 4 navy battleships, 4 damaged battleships, 3 cruisers, 3 destroyers, 5 midget submarines and 188 aircraft in this attack...
Words: 1356 - Pages: 6
...Alice Yang Murray is a professor at the University of California. She teaches history specialized in World War II and what happened between the US and Japan, which brings the topic of writing this book. She wrote this book to show the horrifying things that the government did to the Japanese after the attacks of Pearl Harbor. To show the real history and the real events that government does not show in the history books. The Murray’s main purpose is to spread what happened to the all Japanese people during the World War II. She uses five other researchers and activist specialized in this topic, to support her argument and also to let the reader hear the opinion of other researchers. The author uses many of evidence to make her argument stronger...
Words: 1649 - Pages: 7
...great details leading up to, during, and just after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Through extensive research Prange was able to give us not only firsthand experiences of the Americans, but he also gives us some from the Japanese men who carried out the attack. During the days leading up to the attack there was lots of activity in Washington related to the Japanese, and what their intentions were. Our leaders were deep into negotiations with the Japanese trying to broker a peace deal. The U.S. fully believed Japan was preparing to strike somewhere, but Pearl Harbor was at the bottom of the list. They were instead focused on the Philippines, Thailand, the East Indies, and Malaya. This was because they believed Japan’s sights were on the Chinese. After reading the book, it seems the Japanese Diplomats in Washington and in Hawaii were unaware of the intentions to attack Pearl Harbor. As the negotiations were still taking place on Saturday December 6th, a task force of Japanese ships was heading to the Hawaiian Islands under the command of Chuichi Nagumo. At this point he already had a telegram confirming the beginning of the war, which was dated December 3rd. It was obvious the Japanese had been planning this attack for several months. It was just another day at Pearl Harbor. There were some readiness exercises and drills, but nothing out of the ordinary. The talk around the base was that Japan was going to strike, but few if any considered themselves to be a target. That Saturday...
Words: 1265 - Pages: 6
...especially important. These vessels ranged from heavily armed warships to numerous support craft such as fuel ships and troop landing boats. Of all the ships used in the war, aircraft carriers were the largest. Thus, how and why were aircraft carriers so effective in World War II, specifically how was it more effective than a battleship, and how did both Japan and the US utilize this revolution in technology? An aircraft carrier is a ship whose primary purpose is to bring airplanes closer to distant battle areas. Since most World War II aircraft had a range of just a few hundred miles, it was necessary to bring the aircraft to the battlefront, and using a ship to do so made a lot of sense in the Pacific, where much of the fighting took place on islands and along coastal areas. The first true aircraft carriers were built by the Japanese in the 1920’s. Japan remained an innovator in aircraft carrier design and construction during the years leading to World War II, operating nine aircraft carriers by 1941. Their largest carriers of the war were the Akagi and Kaga, each capable of launching over 90 aircraft (doc. Navy), only 25% of these planes were fighters, which intercepted enemy search planes and air strikes and escorted the dive bombers and torpedo bombers on strike missions. The remaining 75% of the air wing were dive bombers and torpedo bombers (doc. Hughes 102). The Allies, however, also had extremely effective carriers. British ships, such as the Ark Royal and the Eagle, and...
Words: 3085 - Pages: 13
...Philippine History Submitted by: Bernante, Marie T. Cortez, Maria Cristinalyn L. Gacosta, Jhon Paul Oriel, Hanna Amor Pelinio Honey Grace R. Vargas, Jocevic Viernes, Maricor Assassination of Benigno Simeon "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. The assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr., former Philippine Senator, took place on Sunday, August 21, 1983 at Manila International Airport. Aquino, also a longtime political opponent of Philippine dictator Ferdinand Marcos, had just landed in his home country after a 3-year self exile in the United States when he was shot in the head while being escorted from an aircraft to a vehicle that was waiting to transport him to prison. Also killed was Rolando Galman, who was later implicated in Aquino's murder. Reaction Assassination of Benigno Simeon "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. The assassination of Ninoy Aquino Jr. is for me a mystey because there is no one who spoke out that they are the one who killed Ninoy. But I think it is the Marcos family responsible for the assassination because they are the one who had a conflict with late senator Ninoy Aquino. –Pelinio I think assassination of Ninoy Aquino was injustice of human rights because he was shot in the head while being escorted from aircraft. Also Ninoy wanted a justice for being not democratic threatened against Marcos’ authoritarian rule. I’m proud of having a good senator on that time because he only thinks about the Filipino’s sake and he really fight for the right of human rights...
Words: 2652 - Pages: 11
...strategy, Technology and Leadership that was forced by the losses of 1941 to the Imperial Japanese Navy. In the first year of the war the Imperial Japanese Navy used Strategy, Technology and Leadership to overwhelm the U.S. Navy. If we reflect on the state of the U.S. Navy in 1939, we can get a better understanding of just how much effect Admiral Halsey had just 2 years later when he was placed into a historic leadership role. The U.S. Navy believed firmly that it was the technology leader in the Pacific in 1939. They had the biggest battleship fleet in the world, a huge arsenal of planes and Men in the strategic locations that would easily stop any aggression by Japan if they dared even to consider attacking any American interest. They also knew that they had some of the oldest and seasoned Admirals in the world. Ones who did not need to know about new technology as long as they could command the leviathans, the dreadnaught battleships, which had been the center of U.S. Naval strategy for over 60 years. However as the last of Admiral Nagumo’s airplane banked triumphantly away from the smoking ruins of the US Pacific Fleet, most in America at first believed that American had indeed lost the war before war could even be officially declared. (Whitlock, Flint; Smith, Ron (2008). The U.S. Navy's failure wasn't just because of lack of leadership or technology. It was also due to racial stereotypes that American's believed to be true. "Bud Cooper says that on his submarine, “We believed...
Words: 1461 - Pages: 6
...Greetings friends! Today I will talk about why I believe that bombing Japan was the only option to end the war between these two countries. The war was almost over. Germany and the axis powers had succumbed to defeat by the allies who had taken over. With Europe dealt with, the United states turned its eyes eastward towards another problem that had to be settled. That problem was Japan. Japan had bombed pearl harbor and pretty much just acting like a bunch of jerks. Well, America had been developing this new weapon under the name of ''The Manhattan Project'' because of intelligence that Germany was working on an A-bomb. Two atom bombs named "little boy" and "fat man" were dropped on Hiroshima and Potsdam in the course of three days....
Words: 351 - Pages: 2
...1, 1939, Hitler sent his armies into Poland. Two days later, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany. Within a matter of weeks the Soviet Union, which had recently signed a non-aggression treaty with Hitler, attacked Poland from the east. Within a month, Polish resistance collapsed, and Warsaw fell. World War II had begun. In general, the American people did not want to have any part in a European war. They felt protected by great oceans on both sides of the North American continent. And they felt that, in World War I, American boys had fought and bled in France mostly to make fortunes for munitions makers and arms merchants. Moreover, the United States had allowed its armed forces to wither in the 1920s and 1930, so that when World War II broke out in Europe, its army of 190,000 men ranked about eighteenth in the global rankings, about on a par with Rumania and Bulgaria. HIDE FULL ESSAY The United States might never have entered World War II if Germany, Japan, and Italy had stopped after their initial conquests. But the three Axis powers made astonishing gains in the years before the Pearl Harbor attack. After taking over Norway and neutralizing Sweden, the Nazis turned...
Words: 5009 - Pages: 21
...Shatara Dixon May 21 2014 USH B Veronica Vredenburgh Japanese Internment On December 7, 1941 the Japanese took a strike at Pearl Harbor. The United States feared the Japanese would attack again, and war overran the country. The President of the United States, which was President Roosevelt at the time, had a lot of pressure on him to interfere with the issue. In response, on February 19 1942, the President published the Executive Order 9066 on. This commanded a relocation of over 120,000 American citizens. More than 80,000 of those imprisoned were citizens of America and 60,000 were children. Some families were split up and put in other camps. It is important for people to learn about this event because U.S. citizens, as ourselves, in WWII went through a lot just for being of Japanese descent. They were innocent American citizens who were stereotyped and treated like criminals. The life in camps were hard. The prisoners were only privileged to bring a few needs. Forty-eight hours were all they was given to evacuate their houses. They lived in military like barracks and was forced to use public areas to wash, do laundry, and eat. Many of the prisoners died from the lack of medical treatment and emotional stress. Some of them were taken to camps in the desert areas and had to deal with extreme heat. The camps were guarded by armed soldiers, and the ones who misbehaved were sent to a facility. Public Proclamation number 21 became effective in January of 1945. This allowed...
Words: 652 - Pages: 3
...2, that helped to create what it became, and I’m going to discuss some of those details. Within World War 2, many different things occurred, such as concentration camps, and those issues are very important to many today, even though this event happened so many years ago. That is why I’m going to discuss the historical key points during World War 2, and explain why they were important. The beginning of World War 2 did not happen immediately as some might think, but it took time to develop. It all began when Hitler withdrew himself from the League of Nations in the year 1933, he did not believe the League would come after him because of their previous actions with Japan. That is why he left them and began to arm his country heavily with weapons and other things; in the meanwhile he was forming deals with many different nations for various things. The power of the League took another hit when Mussolini was able to get away with his attack on Ethiopia, and was supplied by US oil companies. After noting the weakness exhibited by the League, Hitler decided to unite Germany with Austria, and by doing so he was able to get the support of both France and Britain to gain the land of Czechoslovakia. This did not bode well for Czechoslovakia, and they were eventually captured and Germany destroyed them and took...
Words: 2730 - Pages: 11
...The United States has become the dominant force in international relations. It is argued that the United States’ military act as the world’s police. What are two real-life international incidents where the States have used military action abroad? What are two factors that propelled America into a dominant military and diplomatic force after World War II? What are the key differences in American foreign policy before and after World War II? What are the main reasons in the changes of pre- and post-war policy occurred? In what manner does the justifications used for America’s overseas involvement during World War II still play a role in United States military action abroad? What example can be provided of such justifications in action? In what fundamental ways in which the rise of the United States to a world superpower has shaped the country’s responses to domestic spending, Fourth Amendment protections, and Americans’ choice of leaders in Congress and the White House on the home front? These previous topics covers the manner of America’s shift of power occurred and the consequences that the United States faces as a result of this elevated status. What are two real-life international incidents where the States have used military action abroad? In 2011, the United States aided in NATO’s successful intervention in Libya. According to the website of foreign affairs, the United States facilitated the intervention, took its led in cutting off funding to Libya as well as freezing...
Words: 1812 - Pages: 8
...within the RAM framework. Allison and Zelikow argue that it is necessary to analyze events through different conceptual lenses focused on a trio of decision-making bodies: the RAM, the Organizational Behavior Model, and the Governmental Politics model. Through each of these lenses, the authors analyze what they propose to be the three primary questions requiring resolution for a broad understanding of the crisis: “Why did the Soviet Union decide to place offensive missiles in Cuba?” “Why did the United States respond to the missile deployment with a blockade?” “Why did the Soviet Union withdraw the missiles?” (Allison and Zelikow, 1999, p. 77-78). Under the RAM, dubbed Model 1 by Allison and Zelikow, governments are recognized as the primary actors in decision making and are rational in that they consider a set of objectives, evaluate their utility, choose the objective with the highest payoff, and act in a manner that will best achieve that objective. Model 1 predicates that the purpose and intention of a government’s actions can be gleaned from reflecting on how and why a rational person would act in the same way. Addressing the three illustrative questions, the model begins its explanation of the crisis by framing the...
Words: 1822 - Pages: 8
...down to President Harry Truman dropping the atomic bomb on Japan, it seems everyone has their own personal view or opinion on rather or not he made the right decision. I’m trying to imagine myself in Truman’s time period and the position that he had to take, and I wonder. What would I have done if I was in his shoes? What would I have done differently? Was President Harry Truman’s decision completely unnecessary? Oddly I would have to say I agree with his decision, and I will explain why. First, let me explain to you what led us to the most drastic decision in history. Responding to the drop in Pearl Harbor. “When you have to deal with a beast you have to treat him as a beast (Understanding the drop of atomic bomb, pg. 1). The US had been fighting a long and massive war since 1941. Four years to be exact, is a long time for any fight. Especially when there’s no sign of either of them giving up. This began to put pressure on both leaders from the American casualties and the Japanese attitudes to end the war quickly as possible. Although Germany had finally giving up and surrendered, the Japanese had not. They were going to fight until they couldn’t fight no more, and that’s what they did. The winning of this war was so crucial and meant so much to them. They were willing to kill themselves in explosive air planes in order to kill them. This is how serious this war was to them. Truman later had American air strikes leave millions of Japanese homeless, yet they still kept fighting...
Words: 1219 - Pages: 5
...that policy changed as the war progressed. LO 3 Describe the events of World War II, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and explain why the United States acted as it did throughout the conflict. LO 4 Describe and discuss the American home front during World War II, paying special attention to long-term societal changes. LO 5 Explain how World War II was brought to an end, both in Europe and in the Pacific, and discuss the immediate aftermath of the war both in America and around the world. 9781133438212, HIST2, Volume 2, Kevin M. Schultz - © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. No distribution allowed without express authorization Just as World War II transformed the world, it also transformed the United States’s role in world affairs. “ ” If the New Deal could not end the Great Depression, a world war would. Beginning in the late 1930s, talk of war became more insistent and The Second World War can be seen as an energizing urgent in Europe. The finanevent in American history rather than a destructive one. cial uncertainty of the worldStrongly Disagree Strongly Agree wide depression had created 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 political vulnerabilities that assisted the rise of militant, expansion-minded dictators in Italy and Germany. Americans watched the continent nervously, uncertain how European affairs might affect them. Little did they know that, in the end, the Second World War would transform America even more than the New Deal. The war prompted a tremendous mobilization...
Words: 11653 - Pages: 47
...Gracie King Dr. Morgan Advanced Readings in Energy 15 August 2015 The Prize: Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power The history of the petroleum industry is a long and enduring journey. It was not started by one single individual, but by the actions of a long list of entrepreneurial figures whom all play a part in this oil journey. Oil was first used as a sort of home remedy by the Indians. They called it “Seneca Oil” and it was used to cure headaches, upset stomachs, burns, to heal wounds and the list goes on. George Bissell was a very important individual in the creation of the oil industry. He spotted a bottle of this Pennsylvania rock oil in one of his professor’s classrooms. He became very curious with the rock oil and believed that it could be used as an illuminant because it was flammable. If this rock oil could become the new illuminating oil, Bissell would become an extremely wealthy man and that became his motivation. In 1854, Bissell gathered investors and hired a professor from Yale, Benjamin Silliman, to analyze all the properties of this oil to determine if it could indeed be used as an illuminant and lubricant. Sure enough, the research proved that rock oil was the next big illuminant and Pennsylvania Rock Oil Company was created in 1854. However it was not a breeze to get this oil. Edwin Drake, a retired railway conductor, was tasked to use his salt techniques to find oil. In spring of 1859, Drake’s driller who was called “Uncle Billy” spotted oil...
Words: 7128 - Pages: 29
