...3, 1492, Columbus set sail for the Indies and by mid-October had found land. Once met with the indigenous people, Columbus determined them to be more apt to religious conversion if introduced gently rather than by force. He wrote that he believed these people to be good people, full of good will for each other. Columbus went on to describe the people in great detail, from how their hair looked to their stance, speaking of them as if he were viewing show horses. It later becomes clear why, as he writes that they would make excellent servants and that he plans to take six of them with him on his voyage home. Columbus was taking detailed notes of these people not from awe of their beauty, but for their potential price tag as a slave. It becomes difficult to continue believing that Columbus’s good intentions were not lost to greed, but as his journal continues so does his...
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...Chapter 1: Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress The beginning chapter covers early Native American civilization in North America and the Bahamas, the genocide and enslavement committed by the crew of Christopher Columbus (to the West Indies), and incidents of violent colonization by early settlers. The native inhabitants, Arawak Indians, swam out to greet the European boats the first time they landed. Zinn cites Columbus' journal entries throughout the chapters, which included his reaction to the initial encounter with the Arawaks: 'They would make fine servants...With 50 men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.' This attitude ultimately led to enslavement, highjacking, murder and rape. Why did they murder thousands to millions of innocent Native Americans? The Spaniard's main aim was to prove to the royalty back home that the islands were wealthy and loaded with great resources, mainly gold. Columbus took some natives back to show the Queen of Spain (they died on route), and when he came back with numbers of men and ships, they started a regimented system of slavery and punishment on the natives of the West Indies. When looking at historical documents of this event, they all had one thing in common. They only speak of the friendliness of the Arawaks, of their genuine kindness and great hospitality. They saw the Spaniards as divine beings, meaning they would never do harm or, let alone, murder them. On his second voyage back, Columbus took 500...
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...yielded additional valuable information in the students' networking? * What is still unclear after the discussion with your classmates that needs to be clarified? During week ones discussion board assignment, we discussed the different types of health insurance billing and reimbursement methods. This discussion board assignment required taking the time to research the history of health insurance and how it has evolved over the years to the system that we know it as today. By utilizing the discussion board portion of this class, I was able to learn many things from my classmates’ postings. I learned the many different methods of healthcare reimbursement that is still currently used today. I learned the history of health insurance, and why it was developed for the patients in the first place. I also learned many different views and opinions of my classmates that allowed me to reconsider and further educate myself on the views of the future of the healthcare industry. The most compelling points that I absorbed from reading my classmates postings was reading every ones ideas and opinions regarding the future of the healthcare insurance industry. It was interesting to me to learn the different aspects of the universal health care plan that is in motion right now that I never would have considered before this assignment. By participating in this discussion board...
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...Project Paper 1. What is the gross domestic product? Gross Domestic Product, or GDP, is the total market value of final goods and services produced within an economy in a given year. It is the most common measure of an economy’s total output. 2. When prices change, how do we measure real income? When prices change we measure real income with 3. What is unemployment? Why can’t it be driven down to zero? Unemployment is when you don’t have a job. Unemployed people are those who don’t have a job but are actively looking for work. Unemployment cannot be driven down to zero because the lower the unemployment rate is, the harder it will be for businesses to hire new employees. The harder it is to find qualified employees, the more competitive businesses will be, causing wages to increase. When wages increase, prices will increase for the whole economy. 4. What is the Consumer Price Index and how is it related to the cost of living? The Consumer Price Index measures the cost of a fixed basket of goods chosen to represent the consumption pattern of a typical consumer. Economists use the Consumer Price Index when prices change to measure the cost of living. They will compare the price certain goods from one year to another, measuring the change in price to determine how much money you would need to uphold your previous standard of living. 5. How does increased immigration affect wages and the level of output in the economy? Increased immigration actually increases wages for...
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... By creating a new vision and casting the new vision you can have people get onboard with where you are about to take them. You cannot just move someone without them getting on board. As Kotter describes this in his book “Our Iceberg is Melting” you have to communicate this vision by keeping it simple and through repetition. Next, steps five through seven can be placed under Lewin’s step of Movement. This is where you take the organization and implement the change. First you empower those in the organization. This may be accomplished by giving jobs to people and set responsibilities that allow them to be part of the change, and not just being forced to change. Next, you create short-term goals. This helps the group by letting them see progress in the here and now, not just years down the road. The last movement step is reassessing and adjusting. This step is very important because you need to see what is working in the plan and what is not. Also, you must be flexible enough to change what is not working. Once you get to Kotter’s step eight, it fit right under Lewin’s refreezing step. This is because...
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...JOHN A. QUELCH CAROLE CARLSON Reed Supermarkets: A New Wave of Competitors At 4:30 p.m. on December 6, 2010, Meredith Collins, VP of Marketing for Reed Supermarkets, walked down the sidewalk of the 10-store strip mall that housed Reed’s Westgate Plaza branch in Columbus, Ohio. Collins didn’t shop; instead she took mental notes about store traffic, first at the Reed store and then at an indirect but increasingly worrisome kind of competitor—a dollar store. The Reed was predictably well lit and inviting, and Collins could see three registers open and two or three customers in line at each. “Not too bad” she thought, “but not what I would hope for at this time of day, this close to the holidays.” She’d felt the same way at two other Reeds she’d visited that day . Collins walked on to the Dollar General (DG). A fairly steady stream of shoppers entered DG’s doors, their progress slowed by families exiting with plastic bags jammed full. When Collins looked inside, she noticed workers filling what was obviously a new freezer case—the first freezer she had seen in a dollar store that day. This DG was doing just as well, to judge from this glimpse, as the Family Dollar she’d walked past half an hour earlier at North Valley—but no better than the Aldi store she had visited in the morning. That Aldi trip was interesting: a bright and spotless mini- supermarket, run by a giant firm from Germany that carried one-tenth the food items that a Reed did and sold virtually no brand names, only...
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...The practice of ethics in management and business is a subject that causes a lot of discussion in today’s business world. What is the right thing to do? When is the right time to do the right thing? Who has what right to have input on answering these questions? How does an individual or company always know how to answer these questions? In exploring these questions, and striving to find answers to them in the textbook Business Ethics by Denis Collins. The first two chapters come down to the practice of ethics in the workplace. In chapter one of the textbook, the first question that starts to find an answer is what is the right thing to do? Starting with an ethical dilemma that seems viable on page three, a small company faces buying a design that might increase sales, but show support for a criminal that has become an antihero. This raises questions about what is ethical on many moral standards. Does the business wish to show solidarity with the community? Should that be a guiding factor in the businesses conduct? Should profits be the deciding factor in behavior, if the behavior is legal? This case study shows that the right thing to do is not always the easy thing to do. The definition of the right thing can become a murky issue. The question needs analyzed and understanding what the implication of acting or not acting will be when faced with a dilemma. Unfortunately, there seem to be more questions than answers. Certainly more complicated than the definition of ethics...
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...INSTRUCTOR’S RESOURCE MANUAL CHAPTER SIX Project Team Building, Conflict, and Negotiation To Accompany PROJECT MANAGEMENT: Achieving Competitive Advantage By Jeffrey K. Pinto CHAPTER SIX Project Profile: Japanese Automakers Launch “Pre-Collision” Projects INTRODUCTION 6.1 BUILDING THE PROJECT TEAM 6.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE PROJECT TEAMS 6.3 REASONS WHY TEAMS FAIL 6.4 STAGES IN GROUP DEVELOPMENT Punctuated Equilibrium 6.5 ACHIEVING CROSS-FUNCTIONAL COOPERATION Outcomes of Cooperation: Task and Psycho-Social Results Building a High Performing Team 6.6 VIRTUAL PROJECT TEAMS Project Profile: Tele-Immersion Technology Eases the Use of Virtual Teams 6.7 CONFLICT MANAGEMENT What is Conflict? Sources of Conflict Methods for Resolving Conflict 6.8 NEGOTIATION Questions to Ask Prior to the Negotiation Principled Negotiation Summary Key Terms Discussion Questions Case Study 6.1: Columbus Instruments Case Study 6.2: The Bean-Counter and the Cowboy Case Study 6.3: Johnson-Rogers Software Engineering, Inc. Exercise in Negotiation Internet Exercises PMP Certification Sample Questions Bibliography TRANSPARENCIES 6.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE PROJECT TEAMS • A CLEAR SENSE OF PROJECT MISSION • AN UNDERSTANDING OF TEAM INTERDEPENDENCIES • COHESIVENESS • A HIGH LEVEL OF TRUST • A SHARED SENSE OF ENTHUSIASM • A “RESULTS”...
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...THE PROCESS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING ARTICLE #1 OF 10 INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC PLANNING Strategic planning is to a business what a map is to a road rally driver. It is a tool that defines the routes that when taken will lead to the most likely probability of getting from where the business is to where the owners or stakeholders want it to go. And like a road rally, strategic plans meet detours and obstacles that call for adapting and adjusting as the plan is implemented. Strategic planning is a process that brings to life the mission and vision of the enterprise. A strategic plan, well crafted and of value, is driven from the top down; considers the internal and external environment around the business; is the work of the managers of the business; and is communicated to all the business stakeholders, both inside and outside of the company. As a company grows and as the business environment becomes more complex the need for strategic planning becomes greater. There is a need for all people in the corporation to understand the direction and mission of the business. Companies consistently applying a disciplined approach to strategic planning are better prepared to evolve as the market changes and as different market segments require different needs for the products or services of the company. The benefit of the discipline that develops from the process of strategic planning, leads to improved communication. It facilitates effective decision-making, better selection of tactical options...
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...TOPIC 1: THE AMERINDIANS Week 1: THE ARAWAKS (Theme One) PAPER: CORE CONTENT----BAHAMIAN-WEST INDIAN HISTORY References: Bahamian History Bk.I by Bain, G. Macmillan,1983 2.Caribbean story Bk. I and II By Claypole, W Longman (new edition) 1987 3. Development to Decolonization by Greenwood R, Macmillan, 1987 4.Caribbean people Bk.I by Lennox Honeychurch. Nelson, 1979 The Migration of the Indians to the New World. It is believed that the people who Columbus saw when he came to the New World were nomadic hunters from central and East Asia who followed the buffalo and deer. When the herds moved, people moved after them because they were dependent on the animals for food. It is therefore suspected that the herds led the people out of Asia by the north-east, across the Bering Strait and into North America. They crossed the sea by an ice –bridge when it was frozen over during the last Ice-Age. They did not know that they were crossing water from one continent to another. Map 1 Amerindians migration from central Asia into North America. The Amerindians settled throughout North America and were the ancestors of the many Red Indian tribes we know today, as well as the Eskimos in the far north. In general, they were nomadic but some followed settled agricultural pursuits and developed civilizations of their own like the Mayas in South America (check internet reference for profile on this group, focus on...
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...There is no single explanation or all-encompassing theory that explains how adults learn. The adult learning process is complex, context bound, and highly personal. As a result, there is no single theory of learning that can be applied to all adults. Instead, the literature of the past century has yielded a variety of models, sets of assumptions and principles, theories, and explanations that make up the adult learning knowledge base. The more adult educators are familiar with this knowledge base, the more effective their practice can be, and the more responsive it can be to the needs of adult learners. This fact sheet reviews three major theories and discusses their implications for practice. What is Andragogy? In attempting to document differences between the ways adults and children learn, Malcolm Knowles (1980) popularized the concept of andragogy (“the art and science of helping adults learn”), contrasting it with pedagogy (“the art and science of teaching children”). He posited a set of assumptions about adult learners, namely, that the adult learner • Moves from dependency to increasing self-directedness as he/she matures and can direct his/her own learning; • Draws on his/her accumulated reservoir of life experiences to aid learning; • Is ready to learn when he/she assumes new social or life roles; • Is problem-centered and wants to apply new learning immediately; and • Is motivated to learn from internal, rather than external, factors. Inherent in these assumptions are...
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...into motion in that lunchroom decades ago have placed us in today’s board room in a new position. We are the “sandwich leaders,” the first generation squeezed between managing and leading people older than us (Traditionalists) and those following in our footsteps (Generations X and Y). Along the way, we Boomers have met the ultimate challenge -- communicating across generations (now spanning up to four generations in the same workplace), each with different values, beliefs and attitudes. How are we keeping a diverse workplace population interested, motivated and committed to business? This is a question all leaders facing these generational issues must address. They are doing it through communication. Psychologist Dr. Paula Butterfield of Columbus, Ohio, says that working across generations is hard for many managers. “It can challenge beliefs and values they’ve always accepted, and squeeze them between the twin rocks of change and conflict.” The tools they use, especially communication skills, says Butterfield, can make or break their level of success. “Leaders who understand the conditions that shaped each generation and the values and beliefs that flowed from those conditions will have a handy set of tools in creating strong relationships and teams for...
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...communications services to consumer, business, government and customers and employees 75,000 nationwide. The company operates more than 1900 retail stores and kiosks locations. There are two major parts of the business; wireless and wireline. Verizon began a merger of the two as of the end of 2012. The driving forces behind such change were to simply processes and create consistency among the company. The company felt that two sets of each the departments to accommodate both sides of the business were counterproductive. The objective of the transformation of the wireless and wireline was to streamline the company’s functions across the board while cutting unnecessary cost. The transformation began December of 2012 and is still I progress. For starters overlapping departments have begun to experience downsizing. This means that since we had a collections department on the wireless side of the business along with the wireline side of the business one of the groups was eliminated. The remaining group was then cross trained on the opposing side of the business in order to support both. As it stands employees have not been laid off but many have been placed in situations causing them to choose between relocating across the country in order to keep their job or accept a severance package. Both cases are life changing events. Many employees have lost faith in the process as many of the immediate changes have impacted day to day processes. As a result of this transition...
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...Analyse the contribution of humanistic psychology to the field of education Education has a critical role to play in nurturing children’s development across a range of intelligences and skills, and in laying the foundations for successful participation in adult life. The objective of the education system in Ireland is to provide a broadly based inclusive, high quality education that will enable individuals to develop to their full potential and to live fulfilled lives, as well as contributing to Ireland’s social and economic development. Humanistic perspective believes the purpose of education is to create better human beings. To create better communities, societies, use their knowledge to make better decisions resulting in a better world. “Education is an important factor in the development of the child. Education is a significant aspect in the day-to-day development of a child and education contributes to the personal, social, cultural and accomplishment of the adult” (Ncca.ie, www, Dated assessed 27th of November 2012) Humanistic psychology clearly highlights the role of the individual and their potential. It takes the environmental concerns and matters into account, rather than concentrating exclusively on their internal thoughts, desires and emphases the value of growth and self-actualisation. Humanistic psychology focuses on a holistic approach towards an individual and encourages the teacher to integrate and concentrate on the ‘whole’ when relating...
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...But they kept business going; they started building relations with the Iroquois. They slowly built up the trade over the years and then turned into the powerhouse of the trade in North America. The Iroquois handled most of the trade for the First Nation in the eastern coast. They were the people who the Europeans dealt with, the Iroquois used to then deal the European products with other tribes. This caused the Iroquois to have conflicts with other tribes The British did not play a vital role in the disputes between the Iroquois and other tribes. They however supplied weapons, which was the key advantage why Iroquois stood tall over others. The disputes between other tribes and Iroquois played out to great effect. It went on to the extent of the Huron tribes becoming almost extinct and the Erie group being completely wiped out. The Huron’s could not protect them due to their trading relations with French. They did not have guns as the French refused to give it in fear of a revolt. After this the Iroquois were the main first nation group to trade with. This built a relation between the British and the...
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