...Social Influence Social facilitation – The tendency for people to perform better on tasks in the presence of people than when alone. Triplett 1898 found that cyclists rode faster when racing together than when alone because of the competitive element. He also tests this with children and how long it took them to turn a fishing wheel 150 times. Sometimes they were alone and sometimes together, and found that many children worked in co-action CO-ACTION- people working together on the same task. Allport also found college students work in co action completing more multiplication problems together and when Chen looked at ants he found they dig 3 times as faster Allport said that competition is not always affects us if we do better and that sometimes it could just be the presence of an audience that could result in social facilitation. Though audience effect could also affect people in a negative way and cause them to do worse, this is known as social inhibition. AUIDENCE EFFECT – the impact of the individual task performance of the presence of an audience SOCIAL INHIBTION- The tendency for an individual to perform less well in the presence of others than when alone. AROUSAL THEORY OF SOCIAL FACILIATION Zajonc said that arousal acts as a drive that will bring out the most dominant response. In an easy or well-practised task our dominant responses tend to be correct so social facilitation occurs but in a unfamiliar task the dominant responses tend to be incorrect so social...
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...Differences and Similarities in Generalized Characteristic Traits among Genders: The Sociopath and Psychopath by Evelyn J. Dotson MS, University of Phoenix, 2015 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Psychology University of Phoenix March, 2015 Abstract Psychopathic and sociopathic general characteristic traits are found in both genders in various populations. More research on the general characteristic traits of females is needed. Research for the female populations will give professionals information about the differences displayed between genders. Different applied sciences will also further their knowledge in treatment options for either tendency. The study used explored if any differences existed between genders with intensified levels of psychopathic traits in regard to psychopathy factor scores. The sample consisted of 2,500 people of both genders (52.6% women) (M=22.15; SD=1.38) from the generalized population, aged 20-24. Results displayed women with psychopathic personality traits had significantly higher levels of behavioral tendencies than men of the same. The genders did display a difference in aggressive behavior. The men showed a significant amount of aggressive behaviors compared to the women. The gender differences displayed in the seven psychopathic features show the variations needed for treatment options. Differences and Similarities in Generalized Characteristic Traits among...
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...Mentoring is the social foundation of research. The mentor has the opportunity to draw the best from the junior person by acting as an adviser, teacher, role model, motivator, and supportive advocate. Mentoring is an ideal way to pass ethical and professional values to others in the field. Institutions that pursue long-term development and growth must foster an encouraging, jointly supportive environment. A key element in that cultivation process is creating a mutually respectful relationship between mentor and trainee. Learning Objectives After reading this module, you should be able to: * Clarify the roles and responsibilities of mentors and those that they mentor. * Provide guidance to assist all who participate in research to avoid problems and to optimize the mentoring experience. * Describe barriers to mentoring, particularly for women and minority researchers, and potential solutions to these barriers. * Describe the importance of mentoring and the way in which mentoring occurs. ------------------------------------------------- Foundation Mentoring is one of the primary means for one generation of researchers to impart their knowledge to the next generations. More than textbooks and formal classes, the relatively informal dimensions of research, including the relationship between mentor and trainee, prepare the next generation of professionals. In her 1977 speech at the Nobel Banquet, prizewinner Rosalyn Yalow addressed the students of Stockholm, identifying...
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...Assignment number: 27 Title of Study: The Determinants Of Moral Development In Curbing Adolescents’ Moral Decay. Surname: Zondo Initials: G. L. Student number: 43097855 Examination period: October/November 2015 1 The Determinants Of Moral Development In Curbing Adolescents’ Moral Decay. Abstract The study explored the determinants of moral development in curbing adolescents’ moral decay. These determinants included identity development, gender, parental (mother) relationship with adolescent, and ethical and moral values. A mixed-model method (both quantitative and qualitative) was used to conduct the study. Participants were sampled through convenience sampling. The sample of a total of 1387 from the pooled data was used for the quantitative part of the research. While for the qualitative study a sample of 20 adolescents (10 boys and 10 girls) who were high-school students (in grade 10 and 11) from 12 to 18 years of age from Gebeni High School in Swaziland was used. The researcher aimed to investigate the extent of determinants of moral development in curbing adolescents’ moral decay and to make recommendations on the development of socialization structures to curb adolescents’ moral decay. Findings revealed that the determinants played a major role in adolescents’ moral development. However, further research is needed to be conducted with a lager sample for the qualitative study. 2 From a scholarly point of view, the interest in moral development among psychologists was...
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...UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND EXTERNAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF CONTINUING AND DISTANCE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF EXTRA-MURAL STUDIES. In collaboration with CENTRE FOR OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING MASTER IN PROJECT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT COURSE: LDP 603: RESEARCH METHODS Authored by: Dr. Christopher Mwangi Gakuu Senior Lecturer, Department of ExtraMural studies, University of Nairobi & Dr. Harriet Jepchumba Kidombo Senior Lecturer, Department of Educational Studies University of Nairobi Page 1 of 240 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE MODULE The Research Methods course is one of the first semester core courses for those learners pursuing the Master in Project Planning and Management course. You are aware that any good decision is based on facts. Facts are based on data. The data must be systematically collected, processed, analysed and presented for use. The best-known way of collecting empirical data is through scientific research methods. This is what this course module is all about. The main aims of this course unit is to: 1. Providing you with the basic information needed to understand the research process. 2. Enable you to use the knowledge to design their own research agenda on an area of personal interest or that of an organization. MODULE STRUCTURE The module is covered in Lectures. Each Lecture focuses on area in research. You will note that in each unit, there is an introduction, unit objectives, contents presented...
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...Intro To Sociology Unit one- -Sociology is the scientific study of social relations, behaviors, and arrangements. Sociology is one of the social sciences -Socialization is a life-long learning process, which inc. the process by which infants become adults -Auguste Comte was the first person to use the term sociology in 1838, He was a French Philosopher -The early sociologist were concerned with the study of moral statistic, and the first among these was Suicide rates -Emile Durkheim studied the relationship between suicide and social forces, he held that behavior should not be considered an individualistic matter, but in a broader social context. He argued that there is a link between the degree of social integration and suicide. He believed the greater the autonomy or Independence of a category of people, the higher the suicide rate. He came up with the term Anomie, which is a floundering, or loss of purpose and direction people experience during periods of extreme social change. -Max Weber's theory was that social behavior can only be understood when the meanings of the people's actions are known, it is necessary to understand the attitudes, feelings, and beliefs. He called this Verstehen, a German word for understanding. -Karl Marx focused on the struggle between social classes of people. Marx called owners of the means of production the bourgeoisie and the non-owners the proletariat. Marx believed that a social class was determined...
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...* MECHANISMS FOR DEALING WITH SHAREHOLDER-MANAGER CONFLICTS * * AGENCY VERSUS CONTRACT * * FURTHER READING: Agency theory suggests that the firm can be viewed as a nexus of contracts (loosely defined) between resource holders. An agency relationship arises whenever one or more individuals, called principals, hire one or more other individuals, called agents, to perform some service and then delegate decision-making authority to the agents. The primary agency relationships in business are those (1) between stockholders and managers and (2) between debtholders and stockholders. These relationships are not necessarily harmonious; indeed, agency theory is concerned with so-called agency conflicts, or conflicts of interest between agents and principals. This has implications for, among other things, corporate governance and business ethics. When agency occurs it also tends to give rise to agency costs, which are expenses incurred in order to sustain an effective agency relationship (e.g., offering management performance bonuses to encourage managers to act in the shareholders' interests). Accordingly, agency theory has emerged as a dominant model in the financial economics literature, and is widely discussed in business ethics texts. Agency theory in a formal sense originated in the early 1970s, but the concepts behind it have a long and varied history. Among the influences are property-rights theories, organization economics, contract law, and political philosophy...
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...Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING Background of the Study The business world changes in every tick of the clock. As a result, businesses tend to rise or fall and the stability of the business enterprise is always at stake. But, business sustainability depends on its financial performance and the people governing the business. And to measure whether companies are capable of handling potentially unexpected corporate risks, companies’ accounting transactions are reported through financial statements. These financial statements are the masterpieces of accountants who analyze the transactions and measure the financial stability of the company if they are sustainable enough to defray any business risks. However, in presenting these statements, some accountants may mislead owners or decision makers through financial mistatements which affect the business itself. Because of this accounting malpractice, it may cause to a major problem that will put CPAs into grave misconduct such as allegation of fraud and engangement in corporate accounting scandals. Accounting malpractice are affecting the businesses globally. It decays the economy of the country and slowly creeps into different industry until they are no longer outlive in the business world. In fact, the Report to the Nations on Occupational Fraud and Abuse in Asia-Pacific Region led by Wells (2010) found out that the Asia Pacific median has a loss that was significantly higher than the global median loss of $160...
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...For the academic journal, see Criminology (journal). For the Raekwon song, see Criminology (song). Criminology and penology Pentonvilleiso19.jpg Theory[show] Types of crime[show] Penology[show] v t e Sociology Social Network Diagram (segment).svg History Outline Portal Theory Positivism Antipositivism Functionalism Conflict theories Social constructionism Structuralism Interactionism Critical theory Structure and agency Actor-network theory Methods Quantitative Qualitative Historical Mathematical Computational Ethnography Ethnomethodology Network analysis Subfields Conflict Criminology Culture Development Deviance Demography Education Economic Environmental Family Gender Health Industrial Inequality Knowledge Law Literature Medical Military Organizational Political Race & ethnicity Religion Rural Science Social change Social movements Social psychology Stratification STS Technology Urban Browse Bibliography Index Journals Organizations People Timeline v t e Three women in the pillory, China, 1875 Criminology (from Latin crīmen, "accusation"; and Greek -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, management, causes, control, consequences, and prevention of criminal behavior, both on the individual and social levels. Criminology is an interdisciplinary field in both the behavioral and social sciences, drawing especially upon the research of sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, social anthropologists, as well as scholars of law. ...
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...Chapter 01: INTRODUCTION AND PROBLEM STATEMENT 1. INTRODUCTION This chapter will focus on the problem statement, research questions, objectives of the study, the research design and chapter summary. 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Higher education institutions have no worth without students. Wenger (1999) stated that academic differences are the social changes that students encounter at higher education institutions. The author further mentioned that students live on their own for the first time, away from friends, family or other familiar support networks, it is during this time that as students a result, when students begin tertiary study, they they enter not just one but oftenon several new, and potentially contrasting communities within the higher education institutions. Students are the most essential assets for any educational institute (Mushtag & Khan, 2012). They enrol at a higher education institution with the objective of obtaining registered qualifications and successfully complete this qualification. Academic success is the objective at which all hHigher education institutions need to address should address (Samaniego-sanchez, Gonzales, Aparicio, Nebot, Aranda, Lopez-jurado and Llopis, 2011). Every Higher education institution envisage to should deliver good educationquality education for every student who enrols with the institution in order to in both...
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...Ethical Considerations and Implications for Transgender Medicine In Western society gender and sexuality are believed to be binary and there is little room for variance. As the decades progress, more and more sociologists, scientists, and therapists are acknowledging that gender and sexuality are largely a social construct. With this new understanding, physicians are forced to grapple with how to treat gender-variant patients both physically and emotionally. As many patients seek to match their bodies with their minds, at times risky surgical and hormonal treatments must be prescribed. The physician is forced to weigh the risks and benefits to the patient and oftentimes it is the physician's decision that will determine if the transgender patient will complete the medical part of his, her, or hirtransition, allowing the individual to continue living his or her life in a body congruent with his or her gender expression. The psychiatrist’s recommendation for SRS and hormonal treatment is imperative in the process and this paper will examine the ethical implications of the essential causal diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder (GID) and the recommendation of surgical treatment in order for patients to fit into the Western gender binary. A brief examination of co-morbidity of mental disorders and their affect on consent and provider views on competence and capacity are also warranted. Adolescent transgendered patients under the age of eighteen experience more difficulties with the...
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...Philippine Copyright 2015 By the Researchers and the College of Business Administration Polytechnic University of the Philippines All rights reserved. Portions of this manuscript may be reproduced with proper referencing and due acknowledgement of the author. THE IMPACT OF MCDONALD’S CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TO “BAHAY BULILIT” BENEFECIARIESIN MAKATI FOR THE YEAR 2014-2015 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of Business Administration Polytechnic University of the Philippines Sta. Mesa, Manila In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Course MARK 4113 Thesis Writing (Research II) by Aquino, Ronnie R. Arellano, Leziel A. Awid, Sharmaine Princess M. Chavez, Casmer Culala, Maria Margarita A. Madali, Alyana M. Panaguiton, Felisa L. March 2015 CERTIFICATION This thesis entitled THE IMPACT OF MCDONALD’S CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TO “BAHAY BULILIT” IN MAKATI FOR THE YEAR 2014-2015 prepared and submitted byA RONNIE R. AQUINO, LEZIEL A. ARELLANO, SHARMAINE PRINCESS M. AWID, CASMER CHAVEZ, MARIA MARGARITA CULALA, ALYANA M. MADALI, AND FELISA L. PANAGUITON in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the course MARK4113 has been examined and recommended for Oral Examination. Evaluation Committee ESTELITA E. MEDINA Adviser CRESILDA M. BRAGAS, MBA ELENA M. MAÑO, MPA Member Member MELINDA M. DE GUZMAN, DBA Member ...
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...ROSKILDE UNIVERSITY Department of Communication, Business and Information Technologies Brand preference on Mobile Purchase among the Students of Roskilde University Bachelor of business studies Project Report Supervisor: Professor Poul Dines Submitted to Department of Communication, Business and Information Technologies Submitted by Ramesh Rijal, Student number: 50593 May 24, 2013 Student Number: 50593 I declare that “the brand preference on mobile purchase among the students of Roskilde University” is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. Ramesh Rijal rrijal@ruc.dk i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank for the people for their various contributions to complete this bachelor project. • • • • • Rikke Krogh, Secretary to the study board, Department of business, for her help and suggestion in every step of my learning activities My supervisor, Professor, Poul Dines, for his constant advice, assistance and guidance throughout the study Supervisor Professor Safania Normann Eriksen for her valuable insights and feedback into the research in the presentation held in the University. All the students of Roskilde University who participated in the study, for their valuable contribution and the time they gave so willingly. My family and friends, for their feedback and support during this study. ii Abstract Branding permits customers to develop association...
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.... ReseaRching and WRiting a disseRtation a guidebook foR business students Colin Fisher second edition . Researching and Writing a Dissertation: A Guidebook for Business Students . We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in management, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high-quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing, please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk . Researching and Writing a Dissertation: A Guidebook for Business Students Second edition Colin Fisher with John Buglear Diannah Lowry Alistair Mutch Carole Tansley . Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 2004 Second edition 2007 © Pearson Education Limited 2004 © Pearson Education Limited 2007 The right of Colin Fisher to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical...
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...MBA : UNIT1 Teaching Notes : 1. Definition of Research 2. Business Research 3. Features of a Good Research Study 4. Areas of Business Research 5. How to start Business Research 6. Business Research Analysis : Basic Steps 7. Business Research Problem 8. Primary Business Information 9. Research Proposal ( also in Unit2) 10. Research Methods versus Methodology 11. Types of Research 12. Functions of Business Research 13. Relevance of Business Research to Managers 14. Need to perform Business Research 15. Managerial Effectiveness and Research 16. Management Consultant 17. The Building Blocks of Science in Research 18. Induction & Deduction in Business Research 19. The Case Study as a Research Method 20. Case Study to Assess Business Situations 21. Difference between the case method and a case study? 22. Business Research Topics 23. Business Research in the 21st Century Definition of Research Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English lays down the meaning of research as “a careful investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch...
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