...Karam Kathawa Bio 1000 Cathy Kelly 03/28/2017 Bio. Bio James Dewey Watson is a biologist that was born on April 6 1928 in Chicago, Illinois. James Watson had a bad child hood, his father wasn’t a religious man he didn’t believe in God and so does James Watson and he consider himself lucky because of that. When James Watson was 15 he joined a radio show that challenges young people to answer a hard questions and he was good at it. James Watson went to the University of Chicago where they offered him a full scholar ship. James Watson read a book called “What Is Life” that book changed his way of thinking and his destination. In 1950 James Watson got his Ph. D. degree from Indiana University. James Watson met Francis crick whom become his best friend and...
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...Psychology can be defined as the "Scientific study of behavior and mental or cognitive process". The field seeks scientific interpretation of how the human mind works. Different theorists attempted to describe the human mind by observing behavior, cognitive events, physiological events, social behavior etc. In the field of psychology, the systematic movements begun during the first quarter of 19th century. These movements were of greatest significance for the development of psychology as a science. These movements have been mainly in the form of "schools". Within psychology, a school is a group of individual who share certain fundamental methodological of theoretical points of view. The following are some important schools of psychology: (a) Structuralism (b) Functionalism (c) Psychoanalysis (d) Gestalt Psychology (e) Behaviorism (f) Humanistic Psychology 1. Structuralism: Study of the elements of mind Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920), a professor of philosophy, found the first formal laboratory of psychology at the University of Leipzig, in Germany, in 1879. He wrote more than 50,000 pages of books and articles, despite being blind in his right eye during the second half of his life. According to Wundt, the subject matter of psychology is immediate conscious experience, one's experience of awareness of the content of one's own conscious mind. Psychology should thus seek to understand the structure of the mind. Wundt argued that the...
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...mind and behavior. It has been around for 130 years in the realms of science. In the history of psychology, there are different people who studied different aspects under this topic. One of those people were Plato who was Aristotle’s teacher. He stated that the soul could exist even when away or separated from the body. This concept is known as “dualism”. “In dualism, ‘mind’ is contrasted with ‘body’” (http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2012/entries/dualism). Another person is René Descartes. He agreed with Plato about the concept of dualism and he believed that the “pineal gland” which is the small organ at the base of the brain involved in sleep was the “seat of the soul” (Saundra K. Ciccarelli, 2012). “The pineal gland played an important role in Descartes' account because it was involved in sensation, imagination, memory, and the causation of bodily movements” (http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2011/entries/pineal-gland/). By this information we can connect the pineal gland being the seat of the soul by it being involved in sensation, imagination, memory, and the cause of bodily movements. It is said to be the seat of the soul because it is where the soul from being “individual”, becomes one with the body. Gustav Fechneris who was a physician and a physicist, often credited with performing some of the first scientific experiments that would form a basis for experimentation in psychology with his studies of perception (Saundra K. Ciccarelli, 2012). Hermann von Helmholtz...
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...In my opinion the image for being an effective leader is important, those who can not hide his true face will not stay in managerial positions for a long time. To lead people, you have to play different roles. They have learned how to behave, regardless of the situation. Through strict control of all known identity at all times, despite their desire to behave appropriately. The image of the leader is primarily determined by its internal qualities. Among these include the energy and determination, positivity, passion for their work, intuition, self-confidence, the ability to psychological infection (personal magnetism), emotional and volitional stability, creativity, predictability, etc. For instance the richest Russian businessman and philanthropist from Uzbekistan Alisher Usmanov spends a lot of money for charities, but never advertise it. He was a professional swordsman in the past, he dearly loves this kind of sport and places a huge investments. In the four years of his leadership of the International Fencing Federation, which were among the poorest, gained financial well-being and media appeal. FIE budget doubled during this period and amounted to 24,534,000 Swiss francs. In December last year on the key post of federation Usmanov was elected for a second term (he was voted by 127 delegates from 130). From the interview by Forbes Russia I’ve read that he is the only sponsor of the Pushkin Museum, who asks nothing in return (with the name of Usmanov banners on the...
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...DNA The Building Blocks Of Life Edward J Lechleitner 11/3/2015 We all know that elephants only give birth to little elephants, giraffes to giraffes, dogs to dogs and so on for every type of living creature. Why? The answer lies in a molecule known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction. In organisms called eukaryotes, which includes all living animals, DNA is found inside the area of the cell called the nucleus. Because the cell is very small, and because organisms have many DNA molecules per cell, each DNA molecule must be tightly packed. This packed form of the DNA is called a chromosome. During DNA replication, DNA unwinds so it can be copied. At other times in the cell cycle, DNA also unwinds so that its instructions can be used to make proteins and for other biological processes. But during cell division, DNA is in its compact chromosome form to enable transfer to new cells. Researchers refer to DNA found in the cell's nucleus as nuclear DNA. An organism's complete set of nuclear DNA is called its genome. Besides the DNA located in the nucleus, humans and other complex organisms also have a small amount of DNA in cell structures known as mitochondria. Mitochondria generate the energy the cell needs to function properly. DNA is made of chemical building blocks called...
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...Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1 The Origins of Psychology A. What is Psychology? * Psychology is the science of human and animal behavior; the study of the organism in all of its variety and complexity as it response to the flux and flow of the physical and social events that make up the environment. * Psychology is more than common sense * Why is psychology scientific? * Because it is based on empiricism * The notion that all knowledge can be acquired through observation, not on reasoning, tradition or common sense * Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior * Mind * The contents of subjective experience * Sensations, thoughts, and emotions * Behavior * Observable actions * Thought and feelings * Activities of cells B. Roots of Modern Psychology * In the late 1800's both physiologists and philosophers were investigating the mind * Philosophy - "why" * Physiology - "how" * Philosophy - ideas of about the acquisition of knowledge * Physiology - progress in understanding the nervous system, senses, etc. * Both came together to create the idea of applying the methods of science to the study of human behavior C. The First Schools: Psychology Emerges as a Science * Wilhelm Wundt * Established psychology as an independent science * First psychology lab, in Germany (1879) * Defined psychology...
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...specifically for women. The main character Katherine Watson (played by Julia Roberts), however, did not see education as a privilege or a ‘finishing’ prize for women. During her first year as an art teacher at Wellesley, she tries to debunk the notion of female inferiority and subordination. She does this not only for the sake of her students, but for the sake of her work, her teaching, her art. Watson experiences the successes and failures of a variety of teaching methods to educate and counsel students in their lives and their intellectual development. These pedagogies include current-traditional, process, and feminist pedagogies. In addition to reviewing the pedagogy tactics, identifying how they function in the film, and determining the pedagogical accomplishments, a hypothetical syllabus will further explain the tactics, strengths or weaknesses, and the characteristics of the pedagogies. Judge 2 Current-Traditional Pedagogy Current-traditional pedagogy developed in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries and is based loosely on paragraph theory, where there is a rhetorical structure with set conventions that must be met. This pedagogy may be defined in regards to instructing composition by its emphasis on the prescripts of structure and style. Current-traditional is “the manifestation of the assembly line in education” and “the triumph of the scientific and technical world view,” as described by James A. Berlin (Alexander). However, this method...
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...Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper PSY/360 December 10, 2013 In psychology there are several important factors and milestones in the development of cognitive psychology; each approach is important to the foundation of cognitive psychology. Cognitive psychology’s purpose is to study the mental process to give a better understanding of how individuals think, what they remember, and how they perceive and process information. If we were to consider psychology as a discipline; the question then becomes what key elements are important and why. The ancient researchers of ancient Greece approximately 2, 400 years ago, made notes of how individuals reacted to different situations; “We can see that the answers that Greek philosophers came up with were not accurate; but were their questions at least good ones?” (Willingham, 2007, p. 7) “ Many books will tell you that the Greeks’ lasting contribution lies in the questions they raised, which set the agenda for future philosophers and eventually for cognitive psychology” (Willingham, 2007, p. 7). During a period noted as the Dark Ages, “few contributions were added to the philosophy of mind between the time of Aristotle, who died in 322 B.C., and the birth of Descartes at the end of the 16th century” (Willingham, 2007, p. 8). During the Renaissance period, the platform of cognitive psychology began to take on a more personal form and its findings not only appealed to researchers but to individuals. “The Renaissance brought...
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...Due to the fact that human genetic modification (HGM) will be a process by which scientists and medical professionals alter the genetic makeup, or DNA, in a living human cell, scientists believe that HGM could potentially be used to fix defective genes that cause diseases and other genetic complications in humans (“Human Genetic Engineering”). Therefore, Scientists are stating that they need to start experimenting with human trials, and they use the excuse of perhaps creating a better world without diseases. James Watson, co-discover of the DNA structure, in the book Engineering the Human Germline: An Exploration of the Science and Ethics of Altering the Genes We Pass to Our Children questions, “if we could made better humans knowing how to add genes, why not? What is wrong with that?” (Campbell 75, 76). Watson...
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...rat to run a maze. You might think that psychology was the "study of the mind" due to the fact that the prefix psyche is Greek for mind, soul, spirit, and the suffix ology refers to the study of something. Almost a hundred years ago, John Watson decided that psychology should be a science: not just a vague and introspective reflection on our own thoughts and feelings. Watson urged that psychology be defined as the scientific study of behavior. Since about 1920, most university psychologists have accepted Watson's definition. So, think of psychologists as scientists who study behavior. Introspection was the first technique for studying the mind There are some terms related to psychology that are frequently confused with it. Psychiatry is a branch of medicine specializing with mental disorders. Psychiatrists are medical doctors, and have been through medical school, an internship, residency training, and board certification as specialized physicians. The letters M.D. usually appear at the end of the name. The letters at the end of the name of a psychologist may be 1 Ph.D., Ed.D., or Psy.D., and so it may be appropriate to address a psychologist as "Dr." but he or she is not a physician. There is one important difference between what psychologists and psychiatrists can do. Under the current laws of most states and countries, the ability to write prescriptions for psychiatric medication is limited to physicians. So, if you needed a prescription for...
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...exciting time, many teens were feeling rebellious. A huge idol for teens at the time was actor James Dean, he stared in Rebel Without a Cause. Many teens looked up to him and especially his style. He was known as a greaser, he slicked back the sides of his hair and always had a cigarette in his mouth. According to Helen Seamons, In the 1950’s it was rebellious to wear jeans, so James Dean did. To complete the look he wore All Star Chuck Taylor Converse’s (James Dean: An Enduring Influence on Modern Fashion). Due to this, all of the rebellious teenagers started wearing Converse’s. The Converse image had changed into edgy footwear, whether the company liked it or not. The rebellious style of All Star Chuck Taylor Converse’s lasted well into the 1960’s and 1970’s because of the edgy teenagers. Even though James Dean died in 1955, his style survived and thrived. As a result of the high demand for edgy Converse’s, the company started producing more colors and darker colored Converse’s. The company had changed its image to accommodate the high appeal for an this new style. According to James Gregory, Tommy Ramone was a big musician in the 1970’s and aided another image shift for the All Star Chuck Taylor Converse. Tommy Ramone still kept the edgy look but added in a punk rock twist. (Interviews: Tommy Ramone). He wore a leather jacket, jeans, and Converse’s, but was not considered a greaser like James Dean. Tommy Ramone had long hair and did not comb his hair back on the sides, therefore...
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...Role: James Michaels – senior associate/manager Summary: * Audit team for Spector falling apart * Team members had difficulty completing work * Arvind Patel (co-op student) complained consistently; always needed Ellis’ help – rumored to shirk work previously * Adrian Noth (co-op student) – rumored to shirk work previously * Caleb Oldman (co-op student) – publicly wished to join Alpha LLP (competitor firm) * Jody Ellis & Kira Dee (both senior associates) – escorted out by security; appeared to have been fired despite their outstanding past performances– both recently failed CA qualification exams * Scott Ireland & Heather Goodman (junior associates) – both writing CA exams soon worried about being fired if they didn’t pass – performance reviews assessed by ability to complete work efficiently and help senior associates * Requested adding new team members to help with work – request was denied by Adam Nguyen and Feldman (both senior managers) * Animosity between people who took work home vs. people who stayed at work * Received information late by Spector; later received different/new information * Senior managers/associates ignored Michaels doubts – didn’t address issues * Wood – partner of the firm and in charge of the Spector audit 1. Was the team destined for failure? Who or what is to blame for the failure? No, based off the team’s past performance, it seemed as though the job would be similar to other cases they’ve...
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...disease is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transferred from person to person ultimately affecting the lungs, but can cause harm to other parts of the body (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). Although this disease is not as common as it once was in the United States it is still present in our world and causing mortalities. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TB “ranks as the second leading cause of death from a single infections disease” (2015, para 1). Therefore, it is necessary and important for healthcare individuals to be familiar with TB and understand the epidemiology behind the disease. Being aware of the role of the community health nurse plays in regards to this disease and being aware of resources that can help the community is fundamental in providing for the wellbeing of all. To become familiar as to how the community health nurse can provide for community members with TB it is important to understand the typical signs and symptoms a patient may display. Some of the symptoms a patient may report in association to TB is generalized weakness, recent weight loss, and reports of a fever, night sweats, hemoptysis, chest pain, or cough (CDC, 2015). The individual may have contracted the disease through microscopic droplets in the air from another person that has TB. Overall TB is transmitted from person to person through airborne droplets by cough, sneezing, or doing any activity such as speaking, laughing, or signing that...
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...the representation of individuals. Plato, a bright student of Socrates expanded Socrates concepts in philosophy about life and soul. It was Aristotle who wrote first book in psychology called Para Psyche; about the mind or soul. In the book, he introduced the basic ideas in psychology today, like law of association. However, the notion of psychology was primarily related to study of soul or mind at that stage. Later on it was found that physical existence of soul was doubtful. Also, there was controversy in defining soul and mind among the philosopher. The contributors of the period never focused on the behavior of individual. That is why the attention was diverted from the study of soul or mind 2. Pre-modern period it was during 1800's that psychology was established as an independent discipline. It was the work of Wilhelm Wundt and William James that contributed much in the field of psychology. Wilhelm Wundt established first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany and studied different conscious experiences in t the laboratory. Wundt defined psychology as a science of consciousness or conscious experience. He...
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...Cognitive Psychologists’ Approach to Research 1 Why Make Assumptions? How Did Philosophers and Early Psychologists Study the Mind? ■ ■ ■ ■ Philosophical Underpinnings The Beginnings of Modern Psychology The Response: Behaviorism Behaviorism’s Success How Do Cognitive Psychologists Study the Mind? ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ What Behaviorism Couldn’t Do Failures of Behaviorism to Account for Human Behavior The Computer Metaphor and Information Processing The Behaviorist Response Abstract Constructs in Other Fields So What, Finally, Is the Cognitive Perspective? ISBN: 0-536-25527-X Cognition: The Thinking Animal, Third Edition, by Daniel T. Willingham. Published by Pearson Prentice Hall. Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. 2 Chapter 1 Have you ever wondered how we see or how we remember things? Have you ever contemplated the strange nature of attention? I didn’t think so. Most of the people I know do contemplate how the mind works, but only when their mind lets them down. They contemplate memory (“Why can’t I find my keys?”), attention (“I want to find my keys, so why can’t I concentrate?”), and vision (“How could I not see my keys when they were right in front of me the whole time?”). Questions such as “How does vision work?” seem somewhat interesting, but no more interesting than thousands of other questions. It’s like someone asking you whether you want to know about the history of guitar making. “I don’t know; maybe. Is it interesting?” Truthfully, “How...
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