...Running head: WOMEN IN THE MILITARY Women in the Military: Controversy of Direct Combat Strayer University Women in the Military: Controversy of Direct Combat Section I: Introduction Women have been in the military, or associated with combat for decades. “The most famous example of the ability of a woman to not only be involved in combat but to lead forces is that of Joan of Arc's legendary battles leading the French army when she was just a teenager.”(Gerber 1) Women have been involved in espionage and even posed as male soldiers during the Civil War. Conflicts such as, WWI, WWII, Panama, and as recent as our current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan women have served with distinction in many ways. In our most recent conflict, over 100 military women have given the ultimate sacrifice. Today with changes in our society and the global environment in which we live two controversial arguments arise concerning women in combat. Basically the debate whether or not women should be allowed to participate in direct combat or not. As our society and cultural beliefs change so does what we except as social norms. Both sides of this argument bring many reasons for and against allowing women to participate in direct combat. Taking into account both views of this controversy it will show, that not only a social change has occurred, but the dynamics of the battlefield has in fact already placed female service members into direct combat. Section II: Opposition to Direct Combat...
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...m Roxanne Rodriguez 10/28/10 English 101 Professor Murray Women in the Military: Warriors or a Liability? Since the dawn of time women have proved themselves in one way or another to be just as capable as men, so if a woman so chooses to risk her life fighting and engaging in hand to hand combat in a war to defend her country why shouldn’t she be allowed to? Women have dutifully served alongside and even in front of men in a line of combat throughout history which extends thousands of years into the past in many cultures and countries around the world. The warrior woman dates back to prehistoric times when individuals mostly fended for themselves to survive. During the Roman incursion into what is today England, there was Boadicea, the British warrior queen who led her people to battle against the Roman invaders. There was also Jinga, the majestic and murderous black queen who fought the Portuguese in seventeenth-century Angola. Modern western culture includes a famous and more popular example, Joan of Arc, who in 1429, at age 17, successfully led French troops into battle against the English. Even without the specific examples of these heroines, consider how, in our more recent history, hundreds of women have disguised themselves as men to fight in the Revolutionary and Civil Wars. These acts are not just those of bravery, but true patriotism and those are the type of individuals who are needed in the line of duty to defend this great nation. A women’s restriction...
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...women in the miliWomen In the Military Historical Contributions Revolutionary war: During the American Revolutionary War thousands of women took an active role in both American and British armies. Most were wives or daughters of officers or soldiers. These women were known as “camp followers” because they maintained a constant presence in military camps. Their duties consisted primarily of cooking, sewing, laundry, childcare, and nursing the sick. Many women also disguised themselves as men in order to serve in the military. Civil War: During the Civil War thousands of women volunteered and signed up to work as nurses. Others helped supply food, sewed clothes and blankets, and did laundry. More than 400 women disguised themselves as men and fought in the Union and Confederate armies. Some worked as spies and messengers. W.W.I/W.W.II: Some of the more known roles of women in W.W.I/W.W.II include nurses, munitions factory workers, sewing bandages, selling war bonds, shipyards and spies. Some also worked on planes as mechanics and pilots. Korean Conflict: During the Korean Conflict most women were restricted to clerical and nursing duties. Vietnam: During Vietnam women served as nurses and were close behind fighting troops and were exposed to combat conditions and fighting forces. They were trained on how to fire the M-16 but were not allowed to fire them. Desert Storm/OIF: During Desert Storm over 40,000 US military women served in key combat‐support positions...
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...[ return to top ]Changing of Roles of Women in the Military Changing of Roles of Women in the Military Combat Exclusion Law Should women serve in combat positions? The Combat Exclusion Law has dealt with this question since the 1940’s. As time continues, the question remains. The military has increased the percentage of females allowed to be enlisted and commissioned in the services as well as increasing the positions allotted to them (Matthews, Ender, Laurence, & Rohall, 2009). Keenan posits “women have served with distinction in … the Revolutionary War…as volunteer nurses and were only occasionally in the direct line of fire…four nurses evacuating 42 patients while the Germans bombed their field hospital…” (the DoD Combat Exclusion Policy) pg. 21. The most recent debate questions a women’s engagement in combat. What distinguishes some positions as being acceptable while others are not? Who has the authority to approve exceptions, and what exceptions have been made? On May 13, 2011, a bill placed before the House of Representatives addressed the issues to “repeal the ground combat exclusion policy for female members” (HR 1928). Political Issues or Influences In 1973, women began to grow in numbers in the All-Volunteer Force implemented under President Nixon. “In February 1988, Department of Defense (DoD) codified the Combat Exclusion Policy by adopting the ‘Risk Rule’”, (the DoD Combat Exclusion Policy) pg. 21, 22. The change of the feminine role in the civilian population...
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...debated the role of women in combat since 1779.That's when the Continental Congress first awarded a military disability pension to Margaret Corbin ( who nickname was " Molly Pitcher", but many women who served in the Revolutionary War had that same nickname. They couldn't let each woman have their own nickname.) after she manned a cannon at the battle of Fort Washington in northern Manhattan. Corbin got only half the pension male soldiers received, but she asked for the full and the respect which she received almost a year later. On the other hand, Women have played an important part in the military since on the battlefields of the 19th century, Crimea to the impairment of airplanes in WWII. Today, the percentage of female active and inactive served in the military continues to grow every year. In the United State Armed Force alone 15% of their troops are women of many colors. But as we honor fallen service members both men and women this Memorial Day, but let's also remember that living veterans, especially women, are still struggling. You will never know the struggle women go through every day in the military, but you will get an outlook of some of the challenges women go through while trying to get in or being enlisted, the rate of...
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...The Women of The Canadian Military Women have been brave fighters and rulers since the beginning of time. From Viking warriors, the Amazon women, and Cleopatra; all the way to the World Wars, Queen Elizabeth, and today's women soldiers. During World War Two, women in the Canadian Womens Army Corps (C.W.A.C) paved the future for women in the military as equals. Through devotion, consistent bravery, and dedication, the C.W.A.C had provided a base for equality between men and women in the Canadian Army. Women played a large role in World War Two, the C.W.A.C performed many acts of devotion. The Canadian Womens Army Corps was not always around. Before the C.W.A.C women were a part of small groups across Canada, such as the Women's Volunteer Reserve Corps (from central Canada and the Maritime provinces) or the Canadian Territorial Service (from Ontario and the Western provinces).[i] A short period of time after the creation of the Canadian Women's Army Corps, almost 22,000 volunteers had enlisted.[ii] This proved devotion and challenged many twentieth century traditions. To prove equality, women even took physical and knowledge based courses to improve themselves for the military. The women acing these tests could prove they were equals, as well as devoted t their careers in the military.[iii] Everything these ladies did, was to prove their devotion and equality, as well as their bravery. During World War Two acts of bravery were extremely common. Approximately 3000 women served...
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...On December 3, 2015, Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter, announced the full integration of women into all combat military occupational specialties (MOS’s). Gender equality across military positions and occupations did not happen overnight, in fact, women have been vying for their right to participate in combat since the American Revolution and the Civil War. Pioneers like Deborah Samson, Sarah Emma Edmonds, and Frances Clayton hid their gender identity to bear arms and fight alongside their male counterparts in defense of their country and their freedom. Women’s modern day participation in combat is built on the initiative and gumption of those who hid their gender identity and went to war dressed as men. During the American Revolution, there were limited ways women could fight for America’s freedom from Britain. Deborah Samson, in October of 1778, dressed in men’s clothing and enlisted in the Army under the name Robert Shirtliffe. She was wounded twice during her three-year service; but, could preserve her sexual identity until medical treatment for a brain fever revealed it. Discharged from the military, she later...
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...Sexual Assault and Women in the Military Robb Johnson English 111 Professor Murray December 19, 2014 The protection and equal treatment of the men and women who serve in the Armed Forces of the United States is one the most important duties of the United States Department of Defense. With an annual budget of $500 billion dollars, and nearly 2.5 million active and reserve servicemen and women serving around the world, the Department of Defense is one of the most important and visible functioning organizations in the United States Government ("DoD releases fiscal," 2014). The men and women who serve in the Armed Forces are expected to exemplify what it means to be an American citizen and have an expectation to receive the appropriate care and respect in return for their services. Recent allegations of numerous cases of sexual assaults throughout the United States Armed Forces has left many wondering how this nation’s most entrusted organization could allow for this to take place. Reports show that servicewomen are being subjected to unethical treatment, specifically sexual harassment/assault at rates that have not been previously experienced. This raises the question of leadership and the policies in place to deal with such unethical treatment, and how the Department of Defense will move forward on the issues of sexual assault and women in the military. It has taken the stories of brave women to step forward and share their horrific experiences for this issue to come to the...
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...Why Women Should Not Have Combat Roles in the Military In January of 2013, the ban preventing female soldiers from having combat roles in the military was lifted (Harris). As of today, women are fighting on the front lines of war alongside men during a time when war is more brutal now than ever. As a soldier in the Army, it is my plan to one day go overseas and fight against the enemies of the United States. However, it frightens me to know I will be fighting alongside mothers, sisters and daughters, who are all sacrificing their lives to do a job that men have been doing since the beginning of time. There are many important jobs done by women in our military, and I know that is what makes our country special, but I do not think women should be allowed combat roles. The main reasons behind my argument are women are not physically or mentally suited for combat, the amount of tension and sexual abuse that results from women in combat, and the amount of other jobs that women can have in our military besides combat jobs. Women are simply not as physically equipped as men are for combat. A contributor to studyhealth.com said, "Men are over 30% stronger than women, especially in the upper body. Although many feminists cannot face this fact, females simply do not have the strength or endurance necessary to be, for example, effective combat soldiers." A combat soldier is required on average to wear between 88 to 102 pounds of gear, depending on the weather, on almost every...
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...Are women capable of serving in combat roles in the military psychologically? Kevin Carpenter BCOM/275 July 16th, 2012 Sandra Payne ABSTRACT According to an article in the Huffington Post women handle combat stress as well as men (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/08/women-combat-stress_n_873381.html). It is the purpose of this paper to show that psychologically women do not handle combat stress as well as men. Through research I will show that women have a higher chance of suffering from Military Sexual Trauma (MST) and have increased risk of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The definition of MST used by the VA is given by U.S. Code (1720D of Title 38). It is “psychological trauma, which in the judgment of the VA mental health professional, resulted from a physical assault of a sexual nature, battery of a sexual nature, or sexual harassment which occurred while the Veteran was serving on active duty or active duty for training.” Sexual harassment is further defined as “repeated, unsolicited verbal or physical contact of a sexual nature which is threatening in character.” In more concrete terms, MST includes any sexual activity where you are involved against your will (http://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/pages/military-sexual-trauma-general.asp ). PTSD as covered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs can occur after a traumatic event. A traumatic event is something terrible and scary that you see, hear about, or that happens to you like combat exposure...
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...Do armed force women truly have rights? Have women in the armed forces ever really have rights? In the passage “Military Women: All Guts No Glory” Molly M. Ginty states that military women are treated very harshly and unfairly by their fellow comrades. First, the author states that women, make up one- sixth of the U.S. armed forces, also the U.S. military only allows women to work in positions mainly around nursing and caregiving (Molly M. Ginty). This means that the woman that are enrolled in the military aren’t allowed on the front line they are mainly allowed to pursue nursing or a similar field of study. Secondly, Molly goes on to explain that “if women and men serve in battle together they would be too busy flirting or fighting, to...
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...Integration of women in the U.S. Military | Hill (2013) | King (2013) | Summers (2013) | German (2008) | Difficulty accepting equality in the U.S. military, possible influences from it | Best case--we're not as advanced on issues of equality as we'd like or need to be.(p.51) -Worst case--We continue to hold onto outdated and sexist views of women; i.e., we've fundamentally not changed much at all since their full integration in the early 1970s.(p.51) -In other words, women should be able to do anything they are capable of doing. (p.52) | -Even women who are strong enough to serve in combat present a problem because the armed forces, focused on war-winning (not employment equality), are unable to apply gender-blind standards to women; they cannot treat them equally and tend to be too lenient.(p.13) Despite extensive attempts to integrate women since the 1970s, women constitute only 15 percent of the US armed forces. (p.20) | The women everywhere had a long journey and struggle to make it to the U.S. Military. It’s always been a battle of the genders. The male soldiers provide a measure of superiority in their roles. The gender bias makes the women feel less worthy. (p.71) The combat arms are closed off from women. All women should have the same opportunities as the men. (p.72) | Since the beginning of time, women had difficulties being in the U.S. Military. They would just flee with their families from the warzones. Later on, women became...
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...27-03-2016 Women in Military Combat: Should they be Allowed to Serve or Not? The question of whether women should be allowed to serve in military combat has always been a contentious issue with some of the people claiming that women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions while others insisting that military combat positions are meant for men. This paper is going to give an in-depth analysis of the reasons why people claim women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions or not and come up with a conclusion on the matter. 1. Why Women should be Allowed to Serve in Military Combat Positions The first reason why women should be allowed to serve in combat positions is to promote gender equality. The main reason is, the military gives a clear picture of how the society is and having gender equality improves the military’s public image. Although women have been allowed to support in military operations since 1901, women are still excluded from some combat positions and promoting gender equality would improve the military’s public reputation by promoting gender equality. A perfect example is the ancient structure of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army which allowed women to serve in combat positions as well and in leadership roles as generals (Xiaolin, 1993). Second, women should be allowed to serve in military combat positions due to their physical ability. Although most women do not have the physical ability that men serving in military combat positions...
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...RAPE IN MILITARY Back in my hometown, when I was just a young little girl, there was a time that American movie culture approached us and caught many attentions to viewers. During that time, the genre that amazed and thrilled me the most was those movies about war, for which my admiration to military women was later developed through such great movies like Pearl Harbor or Cadet Kelly. For the first time in my life, I realized how honored, brave and independent a woman can be, and most importantly, how there was still a place in the World where women were respected and appreciated. I was indeed grateful for that. However, having grown up and experienced with several cultures, I started to discover the dark sides of every society, in which the unfair treatment to women still happens in family, at work place, or even on the streets. My belief from childhood about an existing fairness for women has collapsed immediately after I figured out a dirty truth behind the most disciplined, governmentally institutional family called the U.S military. An analysis of military women who was raped during their serving reveals an increasing number of victims from last several years, which somehow has turned into an issue called “military rape culture”, while emphasizes the extravagant neglect of the authorities when it comes to let the cat out of the bag. My fellow women, have you ever gotten into a situation when you had to gather all your courage to choose the very rough path but eventually...
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...Arguments Serving in the military comes with many duties and obligations. Joining the military is not about carrying a weapon, it’s about everyone doing their job to the best of their trained ability. In the debate video: “Resolved: Women in the Military Should be excluded from combat”, two groups argue about whether women should be in combat, or should not. Each individual in their respective groups presented reasons and evidence on why they think their argument is valid. Considering all the challenges men have faced in the military over the years, it is understandable why some people vouch for women not to fight. In the debate video, the side that is for the resolution argues that woman should not be in the military...
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