...| 1. Do discriminatory attitudes to older workers at work affect their retirement intentions? Type: Research paper Author(s): Pierre-Jean Messe Source: International Journal of Manpower Volume: 33 Issue: 4 2012AbstractPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether employers’ attitudes towards older workers, especially regarding promotions, really affect their retirement intentions, distinguishing between men and women. Design/methodology/approach – First, the author uses the 1992 wave of the Health and Retirement Study to estimate, through a Fields decomposition, the relative contribution of the feeling of an older worker to be discriminated against regarding promotions; and to explain the self-reported probability to work full time after 62, decomposing by gender. Second, using the two first waves of HRS, the author removes any bias due to time-constant unobserved heterogeneity, to test whether the individual feeling of being passed over for promotion may be misreported, owing to a strong preference for leisure. Finally, the author examines the effect of a change in this variable over time on the intentions to exit early. Findings – The Fields decomposition shows that feeling passed over for promotion plays a non-negligible role to predict retirement plans but only for women. In addition, using panel data allows a misreporting bias to be exhibited that may lead to underestimating of the negative effect of discriminatory practices towards older workers on their...
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...Women Who Wear the Hijab I chose to do my opposing view paper on women who wear the hijab. It’s mostly found in Western Hemisphere countries but some do wear it here in the United States. The hijab is the long covering of the female body that usually starts at the top of the head and covers the body except for the face and the hands. It is also very big in size. If a person was to look at a person in the hijab all you would see is the face, not the head (hair, ears, etc). Most people along with me think that women wear them because of the male structure in their families such as their dads and uncles. The thought of them being a terrorist is also amongst the reasons why people look at them strange or whisper behind their back. The most popular perception of the hijab is that women wear them because their husband or fathers do not want anyone to see them or their hair because it is sacred. I think women should be allowed to wear whatever they want in front of whoever they want because it’s not fair that man can wear what he wants out in public but a woman can’t. Actually the women wear the hijab out of a sign of respect for themselves. Sumayyah Hussein, a Canadian Muslim states that they wear it so men cannot judge her by her appearance but are forced to evaluate her by her personality, character, and morals. People respect those women so much because of what they stand for and what they wear. Others may judge them. The hiding of the women’s shape or body structure is also...
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...system which subsequently reduced the chivalry hypothesis. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the literature and empirical research regarding past and present studies of female offenders, the chivalry hypothesis, the differences in male and female convictions, and to answer the enduring question: Is chivalry dead? While this paper does not incorporate all of the literature available, it does offer a good snap shot of many pertinent studies conducted regarding these topics and the issues pertaining to them. Female Offenders Then and Now Over the years, the empirical evidence supporting the position that women offenders are treated less harshly than their male counterparts has been at best inconsistent. (Burnett, 1994: Coombs, 1995: Denno, 1994: Johnson & Nagel, 1994: Klein & Kress, 2014). The writers of these studies used a variety of theses to explain the leniency. Some suggested women are treated with chivalry and thus given lighter sentences for similar offenses created by men. While others suggested the leniency was due to the majority of females in the court system are first time offenders. In 1994, Kathleen Davy published Gender, Crime and Punishment. In the book she explores whether men and women who are convicted of similar crimes, are punished differently. Davy utilized forty male and female pairings of similar crimes, analyzed the court cases and concluded women participate in less serious crimes and this is the only factor in their lenient...
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...Presidential Appointment Janet Overby ITT Presidential Appointment 2 Abstract The following paper will research former President Bush’s presidential judicial appointments. I will include my interpretation of various judicial appointments made by him as well as why I think he made the appointments. Presidential Appointment 3 Presidential Appointment The judicial appointments of former president George W. Bush suggests that his motivation for appointing nontraditional judges was driven more by ideology and strategy than concerns for diversity. All of the federal judicial appointments over Bush’s two terms of presidency show that overall the federal courts did not gain in the number of minority judges during his tenure; however, he did make a number of diverse appointments, especially with Hispanics. By looking at what appeared to be replacement patterns, Bush did actually appoint several minorities. In order to have any type of gain in diversity, more seats would have to be replaced with diverse judges than what it was actually started with, because if not, it would not be equivalent to a diverse bench. I think that ideology played a huge role in Bush’s appointments over diversity. To support my opinion, research states that Bush appointed more men – 78% - than women – 22%. He also appointed more whites – a whopping 82% - than minorities – only 18%. It’s obvious that after comparing all...
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...The image of women in the Gospel of Luke Name: Instructor Affiliated Institution Paper: Date The image of women in the Gospel of Luke Abstract Many studies have been carried out show the image given to women in the traditional context. These studies show that a woman was inferior to the man who made her perform inferior tasks such as cooking and giving birth. Studies have also been carried out to show the image of women in the New Testament. Luke is one of the gospels that show the clear intention of Jesus mission on women than any other gospel. This research seeks to discuss some of the images that Luke gives to women in the society. The first part of the paper gives a brief introduction to the topic and defines some of the terms the reader will often encounter. The second part analyzes some of the images given to women in the Gospel of Luke. Finally, the third part compares the nature of women in the Gospel of Luke and their nature in the Old Testament. Data for this paper was collected from peer-reviewed journal articles and the Gospel of Luke. Table of Contents Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Definition of terms 3 The image of women in the Gospel of St. Luke 3 Introduction 3 Women as the chosen ones 4 Women as witnesses of the ministry of Jesus 4 Women as examples of faith 5 Women as good examples in Jesus teachings 6 Women as part of the mission of Jesus 7 A comparison of the image of women in ST.LUKE and in the Old Testament 8 Conclusion 9 References 10 Introduction...
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...12/10/2013 Lecturer’s name: | Student’s name: | Course name and num: | Domestic Violence: Annotated Bibliography | Course name and num: | Domestic Violence: Annotated Bibliography | American Bar Association (ABA), (2003), “American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence.” Retrieved from: http://www.abanet.org/domviol/stats.html This specific reference is employed to enhance the legal consideration of the topic that is domestic violence. The mission of that specific body is to enhance the access to the justice regarding the victims of the violence like domestic violence, sexual violence, along with stalking relative to the legal profession. The authority states many of the information on the literature relating to seductive companion assault revolve all around the technique of prevention as well as causation. To start with, with regards to the problem connected with girls as offenders connected with seductive companion assault, this literature discussed ways in which these girls end up in that place. One locating displays any path leading through victimization for you to incarceration. The reference is aligned with the study under discussion for the reason that it specifically deals with the issue of domestic violence and provide handful of knowledge regarding that particular issue from a broader perspective. Arbetman, P. Lee, McMahon, T. Edward, Edward L. O’Brien., (1994), “Street Law: A Course in Practical Law”, 5th Edition. West Publishing Company. Street...
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...Beauty Myth, Stigma, and Deviance Carol Webb Northwood University In the year 2013 where as a society people are accepting that men marry men and women marry women, it is hard to believe that as a society we still judge a person and their professional capabilities based on their physical appearance. The reality is that this is an ongoing problem, not just in the United States, but globally. The manner in which people are treated that are defined as deviant by any person or group of people, can have an extremely negative effect on their emotional well being, and as a result on their physical health as well. This paper will address the correlation that exists between the Beauty Myth, the Stigma it creates, and how deviance plays a role in these beliefs, especially in the work place. In the book The Beauty Myth: How Images of Beauty Are Used Against Women by Naomi Wolfe, she states that the basic premise of The Beauty Myth is that as a women have gained increased social power and prominence, expected adherence to standards of physical beauty has grown stronger for women. (Naomi Wolfe, 1991). In the workforce, this expectancy that is placed on employees can range from the business owner or management if they are passed up on a job opportunity, or for promotion. A personal view that the obese person is lazy or sloppy can originate from the co-workers that gossips or say cruel things, often on a daily basis. Social stigma as defined by Wikipedia is the extreme disapproval...
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...#1 Throughout U.S history women had been known as properties belonging to a man. Women are seen as objects while the men are seen as an individual self. It took many years before the U.S Government amends and adopted new laws in order for women to be label as equals’ of men. One of the biggest movements in U.S history was the Feminist Movement in the 1960’s where groups of women fought to gain equality for women in the life, workplace, home and also to bring awareness to violence against women. Shame on all those women of the 2000’s who now use these laws to their advantage in family, civil and criminal court to bring men to their knees, and to erase fathers from the lives of their children. False allegations by women of child abuse, domestic violence, and stalking are almost never questioned by judges for fear of being politically incorrect. Intro #2 In the late 1980’s there was a controversial murder case where two people, brother and sister both of whom committed the same crime. They were tried and found guilty of murder of a woman who was the girlfriend of the sister’s ex-husband. What's most shocking is the sentence that was handed to them. As Marc Angelucci puts it, a Time columnist writer, “She gets 10 years in prison. He gets the death sentence.” This is just one of many absurd cases of discrimination against men in the U.S Court system. Family court a) List a few case studies and its relevance to the research paper 1) ***** ...
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...Albanian Women in their Culture Sociology 101 CRN 70759 September 25, 2015 Abstract This paper examines some over views of the cultural diversity of women in Albania. In Northern Albania there are some women who had decided to take on a gender role of a man. I had some really interesting insight after reading authors’ facts and opinions on a woman’s role in Northern Albania. This paper will explain my insights I have learned from my research about women of Northern Albania. Women in Northern Albania had no liberal rights and were not equal to a man. In particular; what I wrote about in my findings of research was the Albanian women who decided to take on a gender role of a man in their society. Albanian Women in their Culture In this case, my researching of some Albanian women choosing to take the gender role of a man is understandable under their circumstances. I do look at this from a walk-in-my-shoes point of view. The best way to understand is with an open mind and considerate respect of Albanian’s culture. The question in our essay prompt; is can we use a standard “quality of life” evaluating people from their culture? Probably so; but in my research it would be hard not to avoid cultural relativism and or ethnocentrism in examining cultures different from our own. If I were to visit Northern Albania and have the opportunity to meet with these women who decided to take on the gender role of a man; I would not judge their actions of their choices. In amazement...
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...Ethics Term Paper Women in Power Women are not making it to the top of any profession anywhere in the world. The percentage of women in corporate governance remains low in comparison to men. The evidence presents itself through numbers. There are 190 heads of state, only nine are women. The percentage of women who are at positions such as chief executive officers, senior executives, and board members is significantly low in large, publicly-held companies. Women are not only underrepresented in the United States but all around the globe. Multiple surveys were conducted by the Pew Research Center concluding the general finding that “according to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men and the same can be said about their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.” Yet, 43 percent of women are held to higher standards in regards to top executive business positions and 38% of women in regards to high political offices. What causes the absence of women leaders in corporate governance? Do the causes follow ethical guidelines? Looking at the Pew Research Center survey, a major reason that more women are not in top executive business positions is because they are healed to higher standards than men and many businesses are not ready to hire women for top executive positions. A minor reason is that family responsibilities get in the way of women committing time to run a major corporation, women do not have...
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...Skip to NavigationSkip to Content TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research DocumentsThe Research Paper Factory JoinSearchBrowseSaved Papers Search Criminology In: Social Issues Criminology Task 1: How would you define criminology? Criminology is a social science; its main aim is to research crime and individuals who commit crime, while also looking at the criminal justice system in the hope that this information can be transformed into policies that will be effective in handling, or even eliminating crime. Although it is a specialty, it's not a single discipline. It combines the efforts of sociologists, psychologists, psychiatry, biology, law and statistics. It produces findings that can support, judges, prosecutors, lawyers, probation officers, and prison officials, giving them a better understanding of crime and criminals, and to develop improved and more appropriate sentences and treatments for criminal behaviour. Criminology centres its attention on the criminal as a person, his or hers behaviour, and what has led him or her to a life of crime. It also looks at society's reaction towards breaking laws. Task 2: Explain the difference between macro and micro theories used by Criminologists. Macro theory and Micro theory are both detailed theories that pay close attention to different aspects of crime and criminal behaviour. The Macro theory of crime and criminal behaviour explains the larger scale of crime across the world...
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...Business & Society http://bas.sagepub.com/ Corporate Social Performance As a Competitive Advantage in Attracting a Quality Workforce Daniel W. Greening and Daniel B. Turban Business Society 2000 39: 254 DOI: 10.1177/000765030003900302 The online version of this article can be found at: http://bas.sagepub.com/content/39/3/254 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: International Association for Business and Society Additional services and information for Business & Society can be found at: Email Alerts: http://bas.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://bas.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://bas.sagepub.com/content/39/3/254.refs.html Downloaded from bas.sagepub.com at INDIAN INST OF MGMNT on May 10, 2011 Greening, Turban / CORPORATE SOCIAL BUSINESS & SOCIETY / September 2000 PERFORMANCE Corporate Social Performance as a Competitive Advantage in Attracting a Quality Workforce DANIEL W. GREENING DANIEL B. TURBAN University of Missouri Several researchers have suggested that a talented, quality workforce will become a more important source of competitive advantage for firms in the future. Drawing on social identity theory and signaling theory, the authors hypothesize that firms can use their corporate social performance (CSP) activities to attract job applicants. Specifically, signaling theory suggests that...
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...Islam Religion Stephanie Scott Professor Carmen Pai Daschke REL 212 World Religions 12/16/12 Islam Religion Today I am doing my paper over the Islamic Religion. Earlier in the semester I had some misunderstanding about the religion because I didn’t really know the religion and parts of me didn’t want to know. I knew going into this class I had to be opened minded but I wasn’t. I think it took me the whole class to build myself to where I could be open minded. The first thing I did in researching for this paper was to figure out how I wanted to get my information. I felt that I wasn’t quite to the point of actually going to a foreign service so I researched and found a man that goes by the name Yaser Birjas. Instead of emailing we spoke over the phone and it was quite an experience. I realized that I was being judgmental about the Islam Religion because I didn’t know really anything about it. During our discussion we talked about the history of the Islam Religion, the Six Articles of Faith, the 5 Pillars of Islam, and misconceptions. In speaking with Mr. Birjas about the Islam Religion he started out with a small history lesson about what the Islam Religion is about. He states that Islam is a sequel of previous religions and that there are similarities because all religions are born from Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Ishmael. This was new to me, I didn’t know this about the Islam religion and I sure didn’t realize this was the beginning of learning something new. Islam...
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...barristers and solicitors, teachers, social workers Lower managerial and professional e.g. nurses, actors and musicians, police, soldiers Intermediate e.g. secretaries, clerks Small employers and own account workers e.g. publicans, playgroup leaders, farmers, taxi drivers Lower supervisory, craft and related occupations e.g. printers, plumbers, butchers, train drivers Semi-routine occupations e.g. shop assistants, traffic wardens, hairdressers Routine occupations e.g. waiters, road sweepers, cleaners, couriers Never worked and long term unemployed . The source of this information should be given under the Table In an attempt to identify the main determinants of health and illness, research studies have often...
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...Abstract Despite research that has been focused on leadership for over 10 years ago, the concept of leadership is still indefinable. This paper attempts to develop the leadership concept by investigating the possibility of the coming up with fresh measures of leadership which concentrating on the characteristics of good and bad leaders. A total of 312 managers were recruited in the study. A factor analysis was conducted to reduce 13 traits of good leadership to two factors including the good and the visionary, and 13 bad traits to two factors including the evil and the inept. Secondly, there was evaluation of the way male and female followers view leadership styles adopted by the best and worst bosses. It was discovered the perception of women on their excellent bosses differed from the males` perceptions. The variations were based on several dimensions. Nevertheless, there is little difference regarding the males and females` perceptions of bad bosses. Introduction Researches on leadership have been found to be both interesting as well as frustrating. During times of excellence in leadership, leadership propels the imagination of scholars, practitioners and the general public since it may imply changed lives for better outcomes. On the other hand, failures in leadership may have harmful effects on many people, at time affecting life and even death. Nonetheless, scholars have bumbled in their quest to comprehend fully the leadership phenomenon. According to Burns (1978), leadership...
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