...to make my focus the women’s struggle for social equality. Comprising fifty-percent of the population, women are by far the largest “minority” in the United States. Through them I could relate the most important social, political and economic trends of the century. Their achievements, as well as their missteps, tell us a story of America that we most often hear of in snatches, or read about in digressions. How many times have you heard “All men are equal”. It’s a quote from the American Constitution. In today’s society it has been taken literally. Yes all men are created equal but are women created equal as well? Of course not, most would probably say yes but women are a minority in this country. Men are the rulers over America, being very forgetful that because of women they live. Although women are the creators of life, women are still not being treated equally when it comes to jobs, salary, or other aspects. Is it fair that women still don’t receive the respect and the same things men have the right too. Obvious biological differences made women the first minority group. Disadvantages resulting from their smaller frames and lighter weights, combined with their reproductive destinies as mothers, relegated them to a second class status. As more women became educated, however, they began to assume a more prominent role on the national stage. By about the turn of the twentieth century, their importance could no longer be denied. The women’s struggle for equal rights...
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...Gender Equality & the Women’s Movement SS310 – Exploring the 1960’s: An Interdisciplinary Approach Unit 6 Project March 12, 2013 A Brief Timeline of the Women’s Movement 1920 - 2009 Sources cited on the reference page. In the United States, women are allowed a certain level of luxury in having a large amount of control over the path their lives take. An American woman can be a business owner, a homeowner, a college graduate, a highly paid executive or a stay at home mother and wife. These are choices that we as individuals get to make with limited input from the men in our lives. We take guidance from our fathers, brothers and husbands but the ultimate decision lies with us. History has shown us that this was not always the case in our country. Early on women were not allowed to own property, be educated or make any major decisions. Power rested in the hands of the men and it took many years to wrench some away. In the late 1800’s American women were beginning to realize that there was more to life then mothering and keeping house. The Suffragette movement was born out of a palpable desire to be a voice for change in the world and to have a vote in the governance of the country. After many years of struggling, the 19th amendment was signed into law extending the right to vote so that it would not “be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex” (19th amendment). One step among many that leads...
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... Critically evaluate Plato’s defense of women’s political equality with men. Atar Derj Critically evaluate Plato’s defense of women’s political equality with men. Women’s Political Equality with Men Women’s Political Equality with Men Plato’s defence of women’s political equality with men What is “Equality”? Equality is very hard to define since people disagree on its real meaning, as stated Dworkin: “People who praise it or disparage it disagree about what they are praising or disparaging” (2000, p. 2). So before going into the argumentation about women’s political equality with men, the term equality should be defined first to avoid any misconception. Equality means the correspondence between persons or circumstances which have the same qualities in at least one feature. However, equality is different from the term similarity that refers to the approximate correspondence. Thus, when they say men are equal, it doesn’t mean that they are identical or the same, but it rather mean that they are similar in some points. When a judgment of equality is made, it is more about the difference between the compared things. Whenever equality is implied in a topic, the question “equal in respect to what?” follows (Rae 1981, p.132 f.). Equality is often related to morality, and considered as a...
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...Socially disadvantaged entities are those who have been exposed to racial or ethnic prejudice or cultural unfairness because of their distinctiveness as an affiliate of a group without respect to their individual potentials. Women are recognized to be included under the act because of social, and consequently, economic, disadvantages women encounter. Women as of today are still considered in the category of the disadvantaged group because society gives men more respect than they do women within employment. For instance, women are still being denied equal pay as men, and are still being judged by sex and appearance when being considered for jobs, even though women have the same qualifications as men. Women have accomplished and overcame equality in other areas, but still having economic issues in other areas. The different barriers and...
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...Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that the division of labour and power relationships are now equal in modern life (20 marks) There are several different views that sociologists hold regarding the equality of the division of labour in couples and power relationships in modern life. Some sociologists such as march of progress sociologists see greater trends towards equality whilst other sociologists such as feminists believe there is a lot of changes both in the public sphere and private sphere that need to take place before the division of labour, and the hold of power in couples can become equal in modern life. Functionalist sociologists Young and Willmott developed a theory in the 1970s called the symmetrical family. The symmetrical family described a family life which was improving for all of its members, becoming more equal and becoming more democratic. Young and Willmott argue that there has been long-term trend away from segregated conjugal roles and towards joint conjugal roles and the symmetrical family. Segregated and joint conjugal roles are distinguished between by sociologist Elizabeth Bott. Segregated conjugal roles resemble Talcott Parsons’ instrumental and expressive role theory, in which a couple have separate allocated roles such as the male being a breadwinner and the female a homemaker. Joint conjugal roles are where the couple share tasks such as housework and childcare and spend their leisure time together...
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...Although Title IX is widely known for initiating equality in women’s sports, its original purpose was to end gender discrimination in education. In fact, the words “athletics” and “sports” are not even stated in the aforementioned amendment. One positive consequence of Title IX regarding education is the elimination of admission quotas based on gender. Now all universities reviewed male and female applications equally. Lynne Ford argues that now “more women than ever before are enrolled in colleges and universities,” because statistics from 1979 indicate that “the number of women surpassed the number of men enrolled in college for the first time, and the upward trend has continued ever since.” However, one of the most detrimental inequalities between men and women was the wage or earning gap. Even though women have become a vital part of the American workforce due to the high demand for workers during World War II, females do not always earn as much as their male coworkers. This earning gap can be viewed as a lack in education equality. Thus, many feminist organizations and advocacy groups for...
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...Justin K. Fischer Ms. Ignatz-Hoover English 11 CP 11 May 2016 The Fight For Equality In Women’s Sports Sports. A pastime that clings to some like a parasite-- a ravenous curse that you cannot shake, and leaves others falling asleep on the couch. No matter which view defines a person, sports are an integral part of our society and our everyday lives. For as long as sports have been popular, men have been in the spotlight-- glimmering and physically menacing gods made solely for running a ball down a field-- but now a challenger has come to challenge their throne: Women. Women have consistently sat on the sideline while men have done it all, but now they want a piece of the action. It has not been the easiest path, much of society has attempted...
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...our refusal to extend some form of equality to animals. He states that because attitudes such as racism and sexism are fundamentally wrong, so too is the premise that one species is more deserving of ethical treatment based solely on the idea that one is more capable of thought or suffering than the other. The idea of treating animals as our equals is one that has been mocked in the past, but only because many have taken that idea to mean that animals are equal to humans in the most literal sense possible. As far as we can tell, most animals do not invent, think deeply, or create culture, and therefore are not equal solely in terms of rational behaviors. However, this is not the kind of equality Singer advocates for in his essay. First, he argues, we should not be equating moral equality with that particular kind of factual equality. If we were to base moral equality on factual equality, then we would be justified in discriminating against fellow humans based on ideas of inequality in regards to sex, race, or intelligence. The only way to fight this type of discrimination would be to prove that the feature or capacity we have chosen as a marker for factual equality is arbitrary, and can provide qualifiers from some other feature or capacity instead. The African-American and women’s liberation movements took this approach. They argued that skin color and sex were only arbitrary markers of factual equality, and that the markers of factual equality truly had more to do with intelligence...
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...that she’s strong enough to face her journey…but a woman of strength has faith that it is in this journey she will become strong!” Maya Angelo. 776 B.C. - The first Olympics are held in ancient Greece. Women are excluded, so they compete every four years in their own Games of Hera, to honor the Greek goddess who ruled over women and the earth. This is the first account of women competing in some type of sports. After many years of discrimination and not being offered the same opportunities, President Nixon signed the Title IX of Education Amendment on June 23th, 1972. Title IX must be explained and explored to how it affected not only women in general but more specifically, women in relation to sports. But after all of the advances with women’s right and freedoms, what struggles do women still face today? Can those struggles be eliminated or will society simple be satisfied and leave well enough along. Purpose of Presentation Women have always been seen as the lesser sex or gender but despite that, women have continually strived to be seen as...
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...or even feel somewhat belittled? In America today statistics indicate there is a gender income gap where women and men do not make the same money for the same job. This is a profound exploitation of women in the workplace. It has been proven over time that women are just as capable as performing jobs that are or were traditionally dominated by men and women should be paid for these jobs equally. Even though there are many stereotypes about women in the workplace, women should earn the same amount of money that men do when performing the same job. By addressing the negative stereotypes of women, understanding the causes of the gender income gap and bridging that wage gap, we are ending a social injustice against women and ensuring gender equality in the workplace. The notion that a woman’s work is not as valuable as a man’s is an archaic way of thinking. This idea comes from early America which was a Christian society where many of the beliefs held at that time came from the Bible. And in the Bible it says “ The Lord says to Moses, ‘Say to the people of Israel, when a man makes a special vow of person to the Lord at your valuation, then your valuation of the male from twenty years old up to sixty years old shall be 50 shekels of the sanctuary. If a person is a female, your valuation shall be thirty shekels.” (Leviticus 27: 1-4, Revised Standard Version) Briefly this means that men are more valuable than women therefore a man’s work is more valuable than a woman’s. Fundamentally...
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...Women Equal to Men This world has many questions to ask about Global Warming, Why Animals are going Extinct, Technology advancing quickly and The Growth of population. A common question that is commonly debated everyday is Are Women Equal to Men? Of course each gender has their answer to the question. Men say that they are more dominant and have harder responsibilities. The Women say that Men do not have harder responsibilities and they can do the work Men Do. Men work to provide income for the family and Women stay at home cook, take care of the kids, wash clothes, and do house chores. This is the kind of wife every Man desires. Men and Women must realize their respective equal roles and strive the complement each other in their shared struggles to improve life. Traditionally Men are the ones that go out and make money to provide for the family. This is why they think that they work harder than Women. They say that women are weak and cannot do the jobs that they do. For example imagine a women being a carpenter. This would be abnormal for a woman to do hard labour work and make carpentry. Men are the ones that have experience of formal jobs, get higher paying jobs, and have more opportunities. “Men-the-sovereign will provide woman-the-liege with material protection and will undertake the more justification of her existence: thus she can evade at once both economic risk and the metaphysical risk of a liberty in which ends and aims contrived without assistance” (Beauvoir 346)...
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...Vincent Serrecchia Professor Cruz Latino Politics 28 February 2012 Debate Paper #2 According to Webster’s dictionary, the definition of liberalism is as follows, “a political philosophy based on belief in progress, the essential goodness of the human race, and the autonomy of the individual and standing for the protection of political and civil liberties.” The first known use of liberalism in our society was in 1819, and from then on it has always claimed to stand for the greatest social good. As for liberalism being incompatible with identity politics, I disagree. I believe identity politics is compatible with liberalism. Liberalism is considered democracy free while identity politics focus on the self-interest and perspectives of self-identified groups. My first experience with a Latino politics debate wasn’t exactly positive because it made me nervous knowing I had to express my views towards the question that was assigned to our debate. At the beginning of the debate I was a little nervous to speak my opinion because I felt that I did not know enough about the Latino culture, as well as having a hard time understanding the readings. I was afraid that what I was about to say could come off as offending to some of my fellow classmates and, in defense to that, it would cause another debate. However, after having the opportunity to listen to the first debater give their opinion on the question, I felt more comfortable to speak my opinion without the risk of...
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...Exercises 7.1: Work: Let A = {a1,a2,…an} If R is a relation on A , R AxA and if R is antisymmetric also: If (ai,aj)R and (aj,ai)R then a i = a j Then if (ai,aj)R with i j then (aj,ai) R So we can construct R where Ris maximum taking: R = {(ai,ai) , 1 i n} U {(ai,aj) , 1 i < j n} R= n + n2 = n+n(n-1)/2 = n[1+(n-1)/2] = n(n+1)/2 Answer: Maximum value for R= n(n+1)/2 and it´s only 1 antisymmetric relation with this property (the one constructed above) Exercises 7.2: Work: We know that (a,a)R for all aA Since (a,a) R and (a,a) R if we apply definition of R2 (a,a) R2 for all aA then R2 is a reflexive relation on the set A Work: Each entry is 0 or 1 and we must count how many matrices 6x6 satisfy A = A tr The number of matrices that A = Atr is equal to the number of matrices that i construct selecting the entries in the diagonal and above. 1+2+3+4+5+6 = 21 Answer: 21 Exercise 7.3: a) Relation matrix is M=1 1 1 1 10 1 0 1 10 0 1 1 10 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 1 b) I will do it by hand c) Work: Using the Fig 7.23 For k = 1 e is the only vertex that has no edges starting at it Then we remove e Result: e For k = 2 d is the only vertex that has no edges starting at it Then we remove d Result: d < e For k = 3 b and c are the only vertices that has no edges starting at it we select c (it can be b too) Then we remove c Result: c<d<e For k = 4 b is the only vertex that has no edges starting at it Then...
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...In the play, “The Night Thoreau Spent in Jail,” written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, we see many diverse viewpoints Thoreau may have had. One may see many influential experiences in Thoreau’s life—what motivated Thoreau what mattered and what didn’t to him. He believes in what he wants to believe and no one can change his mind. What Thoreau might be trying to tell the audience is they can stand up for themselves and there is equality between everyone. Through out the play Thoreau stands up for his rights. He gets extremely in depth and makes you think about what he’s really saying. He stands up for his rights, but doesn’t care if anyone agrees with him or even likes him, “…to be liked, you never disagree. And if you never disagree, it’s like only breathing in and never breathing out...” (13). Always trying for people to like you, one can almost feel suffocated. If you can’t make yourself happy it’s hard to stand up for yourself. People change themselves to be someone they aren’t just to be liked. Thoreau finds great disgust with going along with others. He expects everyone to “speak out” and not back down from what they believe (85). Thoreau doesn’t care if you’re the President or a beggar on the street. He believes everyone is equal. He believes we are all human, equally and wonderfully made, and no one is better than another. No one should be placed higher than another on the social scale, “I’m opposed to social distinctions…” (77). In society we...
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...Homework this week: 1.5b, 1.7ab Quiz 2: 1.4c, 1.5b, 1.7ab 1. Solving Formulas A formula is an equation which represents the relationship between two or more variables. Example 1.1. (1) The formula x = y means that x and y are the same. (2) The formula C = 5 (F − 32) represents the relationship between temperatures in 9 degrees Fahrenheit F and Celsius C. A formula is called solved for one of its variables if that variable is isolated on one side of the equals sign in the equation. Not all formulas can be solved for all of their variables. Example 1.2. The formula we wrote relating Fahrenheit and Celsius temperatures is solved for the variable representing degrees in Celsius C. We solve it for degrees in Fahrenheit F : 5 C = (F − 32) 9 9 C = F − 32 5 9 C + 32 = F 5 Written in the normal way (with the solved variable on the left-hand side) our solution is 9 F = C + 32 5 2. Solving Linear Inequalities 2.1. Inequalities and Interval Notation. An inequality is an expression representing the way that variables or numbers are not equal. We will learn to simplify expressions which describe how a variable is less or greater than another. In mathematical notation for fixed real numbers a, the inequality x < a represents all numbers less than a; we can write this equivalently a > x. The inequality x > a represents all numbers greater than a. The previous inequalities are called strict, since we are not allowed to take x = a. If we can take x = a, the inequalities are written x ≤ a or x ≥...
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