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World War Ii

In: Philosophy and Psychology

Submitted By kasper234
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2. verdenskrig var primært en militær konflikt i Europa fra 1939 til 1945, og i Asien fra 1937 til 1945.
Krigen i Europa begyndte den 1. september 1939 da Tyskland og derefter Sovjetunionen invaderede Polen, og sluttede den 2. september 1945 med den officielle overgivelse af den sidste aksemagt Japan (fredsslutningen med Rusland kom først i 1990'erne). Krigen i Asien begyndte dog tidligere med den japanske invasion af Kina, og i Europa endte krigen tidligere med Tysklands betingelsesløse overgivelse den 8. maj 1945.
Men inden da at krigen begyndte så var der blevet lavet brevudveksling mellem Tyskland og England angående Tysklands territorium tæt på Østersøen.
Danmark var besat af Tyskland fra 9. april 1940 til 5. maj 1945, undtagen Bornholm, hvor tyskerne først overgav sig til sovjetiske tropper 9. maj og de befriende tropper først forlod øen 11 måneder senere den 5. april 1946.
Konflikten spredte sig til Afrika og inkluderede også begivenheder i Nord- og Sydamerika, samt en række store maritime slag.
Krigen var den største militære konflikt i historien. Den omfattede så godt som hele verden, og der blev involveret flere lande end i nogen anden militær konflikt. En lang række nye ødelæggelsesvåben, kulminerende med atombomben, blev anvendt. Trods navnet var dog ikke samtlige lande i verden involveret. Enkelte lande var ikke involveret, oftest da disse lande erklærede sig neutrale (som Irland – Irland leverede dog vigtige efterretninger til de allierede i forbindelse med D-dag og vigtige oplysninger om konvojerne i Atlanten til tyskerne) eller ikke havde nogen strategisk betydning (som fx Mexico).
Krigen havde større civile omkostninger end nogen anden tidligere konflikt, og en række af de deltagende lande på begge sider gik under krigen direkte efter civile og uskyldige ofre. Det gælder Nazi-Tyskland og Japan, der fra officielt hold havde og gennemførte deciderede udryddelsesplaner for bestemte folkegrupper, hvilket er kategoriseret som folkedrab. Flere forskere mener, at også Sovjetunionens deportationer af folkeslag til Sibirien og drab og voldtægter begået af sovjetiske soldater under krigen kan betegnes som folkedrab.[1]
Massedrabene inkluderede massakrer på millioner af kinesere og koreanere af Japan, Tysklands drab på 6 millioner jøder og andre minoriteter, massive tab i Sovjetunionen og bombninger af civile mål i Storbritannien, Tyskland og Japan, foruden drab på millioner af civile. I alt menes 2. verdenskrig at have kostet omkring 60 millioner døde, flere end i nogen anden krig.

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