...What are the similarities and the differences between written and spoken language? In this composition I am going to reflect on the similarities and the differences between the written and spoken language. Let us see first the similarities and after that the differences. Both written and spoken language need to be acquired by individuals. This is the first similarity between the two kinds of language, that we have to develop our writing and speaking skills beginning from babyhood. We use written and spoken language for the same goals: to communicate, to express our thoughts, feelings, ideas, belief, knowledge. Another parallelism is that written language and spoken language can be precise if a person use carefully them. We know, that we need to learn to speak and write. But there is a big difference in time. We begin to learn to speak from the age of two (circa), while we learn to write only at the age of seven or eight. When we use written language, we have more time to think, to correct, to rewrite our thoughts, ideas, we can be more precise and accurate. But when we speak, we do not think too much, this cause that we commit mistakes on vocabulary and grammar level. There is a Latin maxim: "Verba volant, scripta manent." - which means, that writing can lost long, while the spoken word slips away like a bird. Summing up, the biggest similarity between written and spoken language is that both require learning, and the biggest difference is marked by time. ...
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...A Little Bit of Laches Goes a Long Way: Notes on Petrella v. Metro,Goldwyn,Mayer, Inc. Samuel L. Bray* I. II. III. VI. V. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 1! LACHES IS AND SHOULD BE AN EQUITABLE DEFENSE ............ 2! LACHES IN AN AGE OF STATUTES OF LIMITATION ................... 8! A MIDDLE COURSE IN PETRELLA ......................................... 17! CONCLUSION ....................................................................... 18! I. INTRODUCTION The famous Martin Scorsese movie Raging Bull and an ancient doctrine of equity will make a joint appearance later this month at the U.S. Supreme Court. On January 21, 2014, the Court will hear arguments in Petrella v. Metro:Goldwyn:Mayer, Inc.1 The case involves copyright infringement claims about the movie, and about the extent to which those claims are barred by the doctrine of laches. Laches is a defense that was developed by courts of equity, and it is typically raised in cases where a plaintiff has delayed her suit without good reason. Petrella raises two big questions about how laches fits into contemporary American law. One is whether it applies to all claims or only to equitable ones.2 The other is how it is affected by a federal statute of limitations. Is laches displaced, on the theory that Congress has spoken by enacting the statute of limitations, so that it would violate the separation of powers for a court to substitute its own equitable doctrines? Or does laches...
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...If this question was asked of me 10 or 15 years ago, I will say that teachers are the foundations of all knowledge. Teaching has changed over the years, now we can learn by watching YouTube or putting information into Google instead of a going to a teacher (Graves, 2013). According to Graves (2013) teachers must promote passion for the subject and show students can use it in their everyday life and help them solve everyday problems, and reassure students that they can be successful in life no matter what path they decided to follow. According to Lanier (1997), the role of teachers in American culture has changed. Teachers are different from the old traditional way of teaching, in today’s school instructions do not consist of lectures, but rather offers a rich and rewarding unique learning experience. The learning environment in school is not only in the classroom, but also in the home and community. Books are not the only way of learning, knowledge is available everywhere. Teachers are encourage to adopt and adapt to new practices that acknowledge both the art and science in learning. Teacher now understand that there is a very close relationship between a knowledgeable, caring adult and a secure motivated child (Lanier, 1997). Teachers are now realizing that traditional role of king or queen of the classroom is in the past, they are finding out that they accomplish more if the adopt the role educational guides, facilitators, and co-learners (Lanier, 1997). ...
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...Understanding teacher’s perceptions on practices in giving written feedback in a sub - urban upper primary school in sungai petani ABSTRACTS This study presents a conventional research which looks into the perceptions of teachers in giving written feedback among different level of abilities pupils in a sub urban school. Different ways in giving written feedback to pupils provides an opportunity for them to see how the respond given to their works which may be engaging or just being ignored by pupils. However, the teachers may have their own perspectives and beliefs underlying their practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the way teachers give written feedback to pupils’ writing, belief of their practices and factors that influencing their belief on practices in written feedback. A number of writing exercise books selected from upper level primary pupils are collected to be analysed and a few follow- up interviews being done to elicit the information data required for the purpose of this study. The results shows that most teachers focus more on the language form, giving uncoded error feedback and less written commentary given in writing. It is assumed that the factors that influence these practices are mainly because of examination culture, the time constraints and the teacher’s personal belief of written feedback. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction Written feedback is a long-standing educational practice that can arguably...
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...Some read between the lines that Dunkirk for Britain was a triumph because the soldiers escaped and survived the incident at Dunkirk to fight another day; this can be seen in interpretations of source B1. Its written by a military historian who interprets Dunkirk as ‘a miracle’ he then goes on to say ‘Hundreds of troops were rescued from the German advance in a nick of time- it seemed like a victory just getting the troops back to fight another day’ the historian has come to this conclusion because they saved a whole lot of people even though they lost some, it boosted the opinions of the army in the public eye and how they can fight another day. This is a reliable piece of evidence to a certain extent as it gives you all the information about Dunkirk, it is written by a military historian, so it’s got professional hindsight because of that and because it was written 60 or so years after it happened. However this source can be questioned as it was written 6 decades after it happened so some of the facts could have been lost, it’s only a one sided piece of evidence and it could be biased as he would be working for the government as a historian. It’s also not a primary source as he wasn’t there which it happened. From source b2 I can infer that the British soldiers were brave and that even though they were alone they were not willing to back down. Their ally France had let them down and now they had to face what was to transpire on their own. This also shows us that the evacuation...
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...unknown Prof: Rennie English 102 April 16, 2013 "A Certain Lady" is a poem written in the past, but is still relevant in today's time. Dorothy Parker was an amazing writer. "A Certain Lady" was interpreted as a woman who pretended to be somebody she is not. Due to the title "Certain Lady" that Parker uses as the theme of this poem, they could describe who the speaker really was. She was a woman who hid her inner feelings just to please her husband; it also shows how much he does not or will not know this eccentric. "All the straining things within my heart you'll never know.... And what goes on my love, while you're away, you will never know." These line tells me how sad she was and the emotion she had to deal with in the relationship. The first stanza of this poem explains all the pretence she portrays whenever he's around. " Oh, I can smile for you, and tilt my head, and drink your rushing words with eager lips, and paint my mouth for you a fragrant red , And trace your brows with tutored finger-tips." The image of this phrase tells me how ignorant he was and too blind to see the tears in her eyes. She pretended to be who she's not. The speaker's tone also describes her experiences with the situation. " Painting my mouth for you a fragrant red" sounds like things he admired on her the most. So, she is to be the top of her game and playing her role, and yet he cannot see the character she is: she must be a lady with lots of experience. " When you rehearse your...
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...between firms and suppliers. The change in information system such as electronic data interchange and purchasing system based on Internet has reduced the cost, time and other difficulties when the company exchange with suppliers. Ordering goods with supplier through electronic data system helps companies avoid paperwork which mistimes and arises some errors that can delay the production chain. A new method of working with suppliers has integrated with interorganizational system to create a greater benefit for the company. For example, the ASAP system, which is used in the hospital, lets it orders supplies automatically from the wholesellers. This system reduces the cost of data entry, about $25-30 each if it was written by hand. Besides that, when the order has been written in the database, this system has responsibility in the operation supply. It includes the designing the space of the stock, setting the inventory system based on computer, and replenishing automatically the inventory. This combination...
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...this it is in the standard written form of the language.There are eight main features of academic writing that are often discussed. Academic writing is to some extent: complex, formal, objective, explicit, hedged, and responsible. It uses language precisely and accurately. Complexity Written language is relatively more complex than spoken language. Written language has longer words, it is lexically denser and it has a more varied vocabulary. It uses more noun-based phrases than verb-based phrases. Written texts are shorter and the language has more grammatical complexity, including more subordinate clauses and more passives. Written language is relatively more complex than spoken languageWritten texts are lexically dense compared to spoken language Written language is grammatically more complex than spoken language. Formality Academic writing is relatively formal. In general this means that in an essay you should avoid colloquial words and expressions. In general this means in an essay that you should avoid: a. colloquial words and expressions; ""stuff", "a lot of", "thing", "sort of", b. abbreviated forms: "can't", "doesn't", "shouldn't" c. two word verbs: "put off", "bring up" d. sub-headings, numbering and bullet-points in formal essays - but use them in reports. e. asking questions. Precision In academic writing, facts and figures are given precisely. Do not use "a lot of people" when you can say "50 million people". Objectivity Written language is in general...
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...Jordan Hollingsworth Professor Appling English 1102 28 February 2016 Paper on Simon J. Ortiz “(My Father’s Song) A poem is a set up of words out together into a piece of writing that partakes of the nature of both speech and song that is nearly always rhythmical, usually metaphorical, and often exhibits such formal elements as meter, rhyme, and stanza structure. In the poem written by Simon J. Ortiz is a very touch poem about ones father and how he misses him dearly. He recalls a memory they had once shared together. The next poem that will be laid out and made more clearer to the viewer will be a poem about a mans father and his hard work. The narrator of the story is one that is recalling his past and how he felt bad for his dad as a young boy. As he has gotten older and more understanding to challenges in life he starts to relative the hardship and to feel bad for his dad. Some expressions or descriptions that are used inside poems are figurative language, symbolisms, metaphor, simile, and personification. Figurative language is words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. Symbolisms are the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities. In the essay we will discuss the ideas of how the author uses different ways that they have put there thought together in the poem. Metaphor is a term of used to imply comparison between two literally incompatible items; it does not use explicit connective words. Simile is an explicit comparison...
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...why or how others may write. However, regardless of their level of knowledge many young students benefit from having their own personal stories written down to share with other students’. Teachers demonstrate to students how each of their personal experiences and stories are valuable, and they can preserve their stories by writing. This paper will show two important strategies that can support young students’ writers through dictation and translating. Taking Dictation Most parents or adults take dictation when they listen to their children and will write down their child’s oral stories before the child can write on their own. Some of the benefits of dictation are well documented (Temple, 1993; Calkins, 1994; Tunks & Giles, 2007). Taking dictation when children are telling their story is crucial to introducing the student to the intention of writing and the functions of printed language. Through dictation students learn the general purpose of writing, they become aware of the speech to text connection such as; what a person is saying and how to write what is being said. This will permit students to gain basic knowledge of sound symbol relationships, and students can be introduced to conventions of print, including capitalization and punctuation. (Morrow, 2005) stated that student can observe as their words are being written...
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...First PUPian experience As a first time in PUP you will ask me, “What is my embarrassing moment?” And I will answer it starting my story on March 11, 2015. It was the day our principal gave the results in UPCAT that makes me sad. On the other hand after classes I received a text message from my sister congratulating me for passing the PUPCET. From that day on, I was thinking when will I go there to enroll. Since I knew that I passed, I never opened the PUP website which is my mistake. It was April 25, 2015, when I’m surfing the net and accidentally opened the PUP website. That time I realized that my enrollment day had already passed, it supposed to be on April 20, but I remember that on that day I was in the hospital to visit my newly born nephew. Therefore my father accompanied me to PUP on April 27. When we get there the guard told us that parents are not allowed inside, which makes me worry because I’m afraid to talk to other person without the help of my father. On the first booth, the students there are arranging the credentials to its proper formation. When the student asks me, “Why are you late for your enrollment day?” And I just told him that the internet connection was not working so that I opened it late. While arranging my credentials he told me, “What course you want to take?” And I told him, “I wanted to take accountancy but I know that there is no slot available.” And he asks me, “What are your rank in your school?” I answered him, “I was the valedictorian of...
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... mathematical, scientific, etc. Very broadly speaking, we can also speak of a “formal” and “informal” register in English. In writing academic reports and the like, it would be normal to draw most of the vocabulary and expressions from the formal register, and few, if any, from the informal. This entails avoiding colloquial (everyday) or slang expressions in your writing assignments. The question of register is far more complicated than indicated here; for example, there are many degrees of formality and informality. However, below are listed a few examples which may be of practical assistance.[1] Diffenetions of formal & informal: Formal language, even when spoken, is often associated with the conventions expected of written standard English. Formal English follow rules of grammar very strictly. Sentences tend to be longer and more complex. The vocabulary tends to be elevated, using big words and avoiding colloquial or slang vocabulary. It avoids split infinitives and prepositions at the end of sentences. Formal language uses a Latinate vocabulary and rhetorical devices to create literary-like effects. Informal language is characterized by a simpler grammatical structure (i.e. loosely-connected sentences and phrases), and personal evaluation. Informal language may make use of slang and colloquialisms, employing the conventions of spoken language. However, it is too casual and loose to be...
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...First paragraph. When it comes to writing a paper we should be very careful with mistakes, which we might have. While we writing our paper we might face many challenges. The first challenge which people might face writing a paper it is when there are too many words, which repeat a lot. People usually do not pay enough attention to that because they do not think it is a big deal usually. However we should pay attention to repeat words a lot, it might get our readers be confused and think that we do not know grammar rules at all. The second challenge, which people do face it is when they write too long or too short sentences. In other words, people do not keep sentence variety or rhythm of the paragraphs. When our writing does have sentences that too long or too short, it looks like we write long sentences because we do not know what we are trying to explain. The third challenge is not putting punctuation where it need to be. Without a punctuation the whole paper will look like it is not organized at all and does have a lot of information, which look like a mess. All our mistakes in paper will make our readers think that we just do not know basic grammar rules and it might lead to the situation where our readers will not take our work serious. Second paragraph. It is not so easy to overcome the challenges that we might face while we are writing a paper. The best way of avoiding them is to find them before we will submit our work. It is not easy but we can do it, if we...
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...LANGUAGE WRITTEN AND SPOKEN, WHICH ONE IS MORE IMPORTANT? INTRODUCTION As we already know for humans since childhood becomes easily to learn spoken language before written language. However, after learn how to speak, written language becomes more stable than spoken language, it is because human rely on their eyes more than ears. Since spoken language and it written form represent the same meaning, it is necessary to find out which is determinate and which is secondary. In this report will be explained which characteristic of the language is more important. GENERAL ASPECTS First of all, we must separate speech and writing. We know that speech and writing are two forms of human language. Speech and writing both represent meaning. They both possess language's property. To work around the concept 'language' that is a term for both speech and writing, we do not regard them as language, but as visual and auditory info. Apparently, the fundamental distinction between speech and writing is: speech is auditory (acoustic), while writing is visual. Since we are born we are capable to learn real life sounds, so that we are also able to reproduce this sounds whereby spoken language may be more effective than written language on the other hand sometimes speech and writing are the same. Some people like writing more than speaking. Speaking is more important in public gathering, while writing more important for making notes. In terms of usage, neither of speech and writing has absolute...
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...Taste of Watermelon is written by Borden Deal. Taste of Watermelon is written in the year of 1979. It is a short story. He is an American author who is dead! He has been dead 25 years. The Taste of Watermelon is set in the country side where a bunch of farmers live. It is set in the states because of the language used. For example ‘golly’ and ‘gosh’. It is set in around the 1970s, the time it was written in. There are 4 main characters I would say. There is Mr. Will who is an old man who is a farmer and every night he guards his huge watermelon with a gun. Then there is a boy who steals the watermelon and eats it up with his friends. He then after he steals it feels really bad and collects the seeds from the floor and gives them to Mr. Wills The story is basically about a boy who steals the watermelon from Mr. Wills and together with his friends; Freddy, Gary, and J.D., they eat as much as they can of the watermelon and destroy whatever is left. The boy goes home and watches Mr. Wills as he realizes that his watermelon has been stolen. He freaks out and starts destroying all the other watermelons and the boy after a night of not sleeping together with his dad collects all the seeds he could find and gives them to Mr. Wills to plant a field of watermelons for the following year. Mr. wills accepts his apology and is pleased to hear that the boy would love to help Mr. Wills in planting all these seeds. Mr. Wills is happy . The author uses 1st person. I personally prefer...
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